Guozhuang dance (Yushu Zhuo dance)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Guozhuang dance (Yushu Zhuo dance)

Applicant: Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Item No.: 123

Project No.: Ⅲ - 20

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Qinghai Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Protection unit: Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Cultural Center

Guozhuang dance (Yushu Zhuo dance)

Applicant: Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Guozhuang dance, also known as "Guozhuo", "Gezhuang" and "Zhuo", is one of the three major Tibetan folk dances. It is distributed in Changdu and Naqu of Tibet, ABA and Ganzi of Sichuan, Diqing of Yunnan and Tibetan inhabited areas of Qinghai and Gansu. Guozhuang can be divided into "big Guozhuang" for large-scale religious sacrificial activities, "middle Guozhuang" for traditional folk festivals and "small Guozhuang" for family and friends gathering, with different scales and functions. There are also areas divided into "mass Guozhuang" and "Lama Guozhuang", town Guozhuang and agricultural and pastoral Guozhuang. During the dance, men and women usually hold hands in a semicircle in a circle, with one person leading the way and one man and one woman answering questions and answering questions. They sing to each other repeatedly without musical instrument accompaniment. The whole dance is composed of two parts, which are slow first and fast later. The basic movements are "shaking and crossing legs", "rolling and turning" and "squatting and crossing legs". The dancer's arm mainly changes the dance posture by lifting, swinging and shaking. The formation moves clockwise. The circle is big and small, and occasionally changes the "dragon tail" pattern.

Yushu Zhuo dance is popular in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Southwest Qinghai Province, the hinterland of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The history of Zhuo dance can be traced back to the primitive society. There are still many traces of ancient times in Yushu Zhuo dance. With the formation of six Tibetan clans, Yushu Zhuo dance gradually developed in the form of tribe, tribe and regional culture.

There are many kinds of Yushu Zhuo dance, whose content is mainly to praise the hometown and natural scenery, and at the same time widely reflects all aspects of social life. The whole performance is divided into three parts: the preface dance of worshiping God and Buddha, the main part of expressing extensive content, and the ending of blessing auspiciousness. According to the function, Yushu Zhuo dance can be divided into two categories: ordinary Zhuo dance with strong secularity and "Fa" Zhuo (called "Qu" Zhuo in Tibetan) with strong religious color. The overall structure is composed of two parts, from slow to fast, performing in the form of singing and dancing. The movements of Yushu Zhuo dance mainly revolve around throwing sleeves, and there are often dozens or hundreds of people participating in the performance. The sleeves of the dancers are very long and all of them are pulled on the ground. The men's dance has a large swing of sleeves, graceful and natural movements, free rotation of arms, and various movement routes.

The leg movement range is also very large, need to cooperate with the arm's sleeve swing for leg lifting, leg lifting, turning and other large jump, movement route is mainly arc, body coordination. The rhythm of the whole dance is bright and majestic, which fully shows the masculine and handsome beauty of male dance. The movements of women's dance are soft and smooth, and the movements of throwing sleeves and feet are basically similar to those of men's dance, but the range is small, showing the characteristics of women's soft beauty and gentleness.

Zhuo dance has a wide range of people and social foundation. Its rich forms of expression, unique style, exquisite skills and strong personality are praised by the masses. It has a wide range of representativeness and remarkable typicality in the art of Tibetan song and dance, showing high artistic value. At the same time, Zhuo dance contains ancient and profound cultural connotation, which has important value in anthropology, ethnology, folklore and so on. Its cohesive force and inspiring force can play a positive role in the construction of modern spiritual civilization.