Ge Pu Tan Town, Yunmeng County, Xiaogan City, Hubei Province

Geputan town

Geputan Town, the town government in Gepu, population 61227, an area of 62 square kilometers. It has one neighborhood committee and 31 village committees: Puyang, Judi, Madi, Huangjiang, Changlin, Yuanlian, Chenliu, Sanhuang, Daxu, Mowu, Fuhe, zhanba, Dayu, Fubang, songchu, Heping, Jianshe, Miaotou, Huangjin, Hongqi, iron tower, lighthouse, Zhongyuan, Liupu, Xiahe, Junxi, Qianjin, Liutang, zhouwan, sanlimiao, leigongqiao, shuijiupu.

General situation

Geputan town is located in the north of Jianghan Plain, high in the north and low in the south. The plain Lake area is 537 square kilometers, accounting for 90%, and the northeast part is about 50 meters above sea level; fengzigang in Zengdian town is the highest point, 76.2 meters above sea level; the North Lake embankment in Shahe township is the lowest point, 19.0 meters above sea level. Yunshui flows through the whole territory from northwest to Southeast, and Hanbei river runs through the south.

Historical site

In Xinfu village, geputan Town, in the southeast of Yunmeng County, there is a water city which was built in Jin Dynasty and rammed with earth walls. There are moats around the city. It is a natural ancient river in the north and a man-made moat in the East, West and south. There are earth platforms at the four corners of the wall. Because it is located in Xinfu village, the local people call it Xinfu city. experts from the Museum of Xiaogan City preliminarily identified this cultural site as a garrison city. However, Professor Lao Qie of Wuhan University thinks that the new city is probably just a feudal manor site in the third century AD. archaeologists from the museum drove to this mysterious ancient city.

There are moats around the city

Xinfucheng is located in Xinfu village, geputan Town, 23km southeast of Yunmeng County. This is a lake area. The site of the ancient city is located on a plain at the confluence of the tributaries of the Fu River. The city site is surrounded by farmland and ponds. the whole xinfucheng site is irregular in shape, with a total area of about 1 square kilometer. The center of the city is jiangjiamen Bay, xiaxindian town. On the north wall of the city, there are residential buildings, beiyuanwan; on the east wall, there are zengjiatai and Xinfu streets; on the south wall, there are dongwangwan and xiwangwan; but the west wall is seriously damaged, and it was razed to the ground when the land was leveled in the 1980s.

There are many unearthed relics

In order to dissect the wall, archaeologists excavated a trench and scraped the section with natural section to understand the internal structure and cause of formation of the wall. The bottom of the section is 4.82 meters long, 3.2 meters deep and the slope is 25 degrees. It is divided into seven layers: layer 6-7 is rammed with brown yellow sand or brown lime soil, which contains fragments of green and yellow glazed bowls from the Six Dynasties period, which should be the remains of early city walls. The soil of layer 2-5 is yellowish brown or grayish brown, with a little broken blue and white bricks, tiles, blue and white tiles, etc. after tamping, and there are blue bricks at the foot of the slope of layer 2. The wall is 30cm wide and the residual height is 50cm. The layers are inward, and each layer is in a slope shape. The unearthed relics are all from the Ming Dynasty, so they are made by many repairs in the late period. there are five water gates archaeologists found that there are five water gates in this city. They are the south gate, east gate, north gate, west gate and southwest gate. The water gate is generally 9-13 meters wide and 3-3.8 meters deep. The entrance is in the shape of an octagonal shape outside, connecting the entrance of Daming pond inside and the moat and river outside. The thickness of the mud is 0.30-0.70m. In the south gate, a red sand stone base with a horse face was found, and under the east gate, wooden piles were found to protect and reinforce it. no land gate was found on the chengtan, so it is considered that Xinfu city was a water city when it was first built, and its main means of transportation were boats or rafts. Due to the serious damage and unearthing, the upper structure of the water gate is unknown. during the drilling of 15 platform foundations in the city, it was found that a platform foundation in the center of the city is divided into seven layers: the sixth and seventh layers are rammed earth layers, the soil is hardened, the soil color is brown gray, similar to that of the north city wall, and the fourth layer is accompanied by fragments of blue glazed porcelain bowls. Its age should be the same as that of the sixth to seventh layers of the city wall, belonging to the architectural relics of the Six Dynasties. In layer 3-5, there are fragments of blue and white porcelain and tiles of Ming Dynasty. ① The second layer is mixed with modern relics. The platform is oval in shape, 155 meters long and 55 meters wide, 0.8-2 meters higher than Tianchou. It is now the site of jiangjiamen Bay. In addition, archaeologists found relics of the song and Ming Dynasties in several small platforms, as well as relics of the Tang and Ming Dynasties. Two Ming water wells were found on the east side of one foundation. According to the archaeological survey, the wells were surrounded by thin blue and gray bricks, with a diameter of nearly 1 meter and a depth of 6 meters.

Garrison city

According to the annals of Yunmeng County, xinfucheng is also a new city, which was built by the great Sima Huanwen in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (the fifth year of Yonghe, ad 349). in the first month of the fifth year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 349), Shi Hu, the late Zhao monarch in the north, died and was ascended by the crown prince Shi Shi. Soon after that, Shi Zun, king of Pengcheng, killed Shi Shi Shi and became emperor. At this time, Huan Wen of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was promoted to be the general of the western expedition and the third division of Kaifu Yitong. When he heard of the chaos in the later Zhao Dynasty, he worried that Shi Zun, like Shi Hu, would go to battle with the Eastern Jin Dynasty, so he sent troops to Anlu to prepare for the defense in advance. When the soldiers arrived in Anlu, he saw that the Fuhe River was more than 50 Li southeast of Yunmeng, which was a rare place to garrison troops. He built a strong fortification there, named "Xincheng", which is now the Xinfu city of xiaxindian town.

Scientific research culture

In 1900, there were 17 private schools with more than 180 students in geputan town. In 1903, schools were set up and two primary schools were built. After 1912, private schools were restricted and new education was developed. In 1932, the junior middle school was set up, and the people's School of geputan town was set up, enrolling more than 40 students. By 1949, there were 12 primary schools with more than 200 students. the enrollment rate of school-age children is 8%. After the founding of new China, education has developed unprecedentedly, and preschool education, general education and adult education have been in full swing. Geputan town has founded a farmers' school for more than 20 years. On the basis of eliminating illiteracy among young and middle-aged people, most of the students have reached the level of junior high school education. in the early 1990s, there was a town middle school in the town with two branches. East school covers an area of 5.3 hectares, a teaching building, 2538 square meters, 14 teaching classes, 49 staff, 868 students. The school covers an area of 2.3 hectares, with 43 classrooms, 10 classes, 37 teaching staff, 550 students and 1596 sets of teaching equipment. there are 1 Central Primary School, 5 joint primary schools, 21 village primary schools and 8 private primary schools in the town, including 16 complete primary schools. There are 142 teaching classes, 303 teaching staff and 5130 students. In 2000, the enrollment rate of preschool children, the enrollment rate of school-age children and the graduation rate of primary school and junior high school reached 75%, 98.5% and 97% respectively. In 2000, there were 100 senior high school students and 70 technical secondary school students. The enrollment rate, consolidation rate and school facilities all meet the provincial standards. In 2000, every village in geputan town had a deputy director of science and technology and 312 peasant technicians. There are 7 science and technology promotion service institutions, and the science and technology promotion system of towns and villages has been basically formed. In 2000, 12 scientific and technological achievements were popularized, the proportion of science and technology income increased to 48%, and the coverage rate of improved varieties reached more than 97%. Geputan town has a long history. In social practice, the working people have created a splendid culture. Folk arts such as dance, quyi, calligraphy and painting are handed down from generation to generation. after the founding of new China, the culture, sports, radio and television undertakings of geputan town developed rapidly, and the mass culture became more active and prosperous. He built a cultural station in 1960, a broadcasting station in 1961 and a film team in 1971. In 1982, reading rooms and archives were built in villages, institutions and schools. At the end of 2000, there were 4 folk sports performance teams, 4 folk musical instrument performance teams, 2 film projection teams, 21 places for various cultural and sports activities, 1 FM radio station and 3 cable TV satellite receiving stations in the town, which enriched people's cultural life.

economic development

In the early 1950s, the average grain yield of the whole town was 120 kg / mu, with a total yield of 2.4 million kg. In 1978, the grain yield per mu was 1000 kg, with a total yield of 10000 tons. After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, geputan town implemented the household contract responsibility system, which mobilized the enthusiasm of the broad masses of farmers. At the same time, we should promote scientific farming, develop "two high and one excellent" agriculture around the improvement of agricultural efficiency, constantly improve the two-tier management system based on household production contract, develop socialized services, adjust the internal structure of agriculture, promote advanced and practical agricultural technologies such as improved seed breeding, scientific pest control, formulated fertilization and precision sowing, and vigorously develop comprehensive agricultural development and farmland water conservancy infrastructure, It has achieved good results in successive years of bumper harvest. In 2000, the grain yield per mu was 960 kg, and the total yield reached 19.6 million kg. Since 1990, geputan town has made every effort to develop high-efficiency fields and implemented the adjustment of planting structure. The planting pattern has changed from the single "grain" type and "grain cotton" type to the "grain vegetable" type, the "cotton vegetable" type, the "vegetable vegetable" type and the "fruit vegetable" type. Yandian town has built 36 winter warm greenhouses and 48 medium and small arched greenhouses, mainly planting more than 10 kinds of vegetables and fruits, such as Agaricus bisporus, Brassica napus, leek and cucumber. Every year, 20000 tons of vegetables are supplied to the market, with an output value of more than 10000 yuan per mu. geputan town attaches great importance to afforestation to protect the ecological environment. In 2000, 100000 new trees were planted, 1333 hectares of farmland forest network were developed and improved, and a fast-growing poplar forest seedling base in Xinjiang covering 53 hectares was established. 500 hectares of forest grain intercropping and 400 hectares of orchard improvement have been implemented. The environment has been afforested and benefits have been achieved.

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng Xiao Gan Shi Yun Meng Xian Ge Pu Tan Zhen