Sanzhan forest farm, Aihui District, Heihe City, Heilongjiang Province

Sanzhan Forest Farm

Sanzhan forest farm is located in the southwest of Heihe City, 151 kilometers away from nenhei highway, under the jurisdiction of Aihui District Forestry Bureau of Heihe city. It borders Kalunshan forest farm and Experimental Forest Farm in the East, Daling and erzhan forest farm in the west, Sunwu County in the southeast, Shengshan forest farm, Shilihe forest farm and Daping forest farm in the north. The administrative region belongs to Aihui District of Heihe city.

region

It borders on Sunwu County in the southeast, Shengshan forest farm in the south, Daling in the west, and erzhan forest farm in the north and East. The shiye district is 19 km long from north to South and 22 km wide from east to west. The site is 105 kilometers away from Heihe City, and the administrative region is subordinate to Aihui District of Heihe city.

Geography

mountain range

The forest farm belongs to the Xiaoxing'an Mountains system, which is located in the east of the north of Xiaoxing'an Mountains. The boundary of the forest farm in the northwest is only 7.4 km away from the main vein of Xiaoxing'an Mountains. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The highest peak in the forest farm is the nameless peak in the southwest of shiye district (722.4 meters above sea level), followed by Laoheishan (709.7 meters above sea level), which is at the junction of the northwest corner and erzhan forest farm. The average height is 450 meters, surrounded by mountains in the north, West and south, Most of the terrain and terrain are low mountains and broad ridges. The top of the mountain is round and wide. The width of the ridge is generally 70-90 meters, and it is not obvious. The terrain is gentle and the slope is long, with an average slope of about 8 degrees. In the construction area, only the ridge on the South Bank of Xunhe River in the East is obvious, and the slope is short and steep. Stone pillars and stone walls are everywhere. Most of the slopes with a slope greater than 25 degrees are concentrated here, accounting for about 15% of the total area of the forest farm.

river system

It belongs to the Heilongjiang river system and the upper reaches of Xunhe river. Besides Xunhe River, there are two tributaries. One is xiaohonghezi, which originated at the foot of Baishilazi mountain in the northwest and flows into Xunhe River 15 km to the southeast. The other is a river which originated from a nameless mountain in the Southwest and flows into Xunhe River 15 km to the northeast. It flows into the upper reaches of Xunhe River and flows 18 km to the southeast, Through Sunwu and Xunke counties, it was injected into Heilongjiang. The river is 48 kilometers long. There are three rivers forming three big gullies, namely yanhuolazi gully, Southeast gully and northwest gully in the southwest direction, in the shape of "t". As the mountains are gentle and the valley is wide and round, generally 300-500 meters. The most prominent one is Yanhuo lazigou, which is about 1100 meters wide at the widest, followed by the two banks of Xunhe River in the southeast.

climate

It is a continental cold temperate monsoon climate. The winter is unusually cold and long with snow. The annual extreme minimum temperature is - 40.7 ℃. It is dry in spring, with less wind and heavy rain. The temperature rises quickly and thaws in late April. The summer is warm, rainy and humid, the annual extreme maximum temperature is 38 ℃, and the frost free period is 90-100 days. In autumn, the temperature drops sharply, the temperature difference between day and night is large, there are many early frost, and the first frost is in late September. The annual sunshine hours are about 2610 hours. The annual accumulated temperature of ≥ 10 ℃ is 1600 ℃ - 1800 ℃, and the annual precipitation is 500-550 mm, 60% of which is concentrated in July and August in warm season, forming the climate conditions favorable for plant growth. However, due to the high and long-lasting underground frozen layer, except for a small amount of stagnant water left on the surface, resulting in a large area of swamp, most of them are discharged into rivers. In addition, due to the effect of the monsoon, the evaporation is very large. Although there is water on the surface, there is not much water conservation. Especially in May June, there are often obvious signs of drought, and the dryness is 0.8-1.0, which is easy to cause forest fires.

soil

It is mainly dark brown soil, with 5 subtypes. The original dark brown soil is mainly mountainous original dark brown soil, which is distributed on the top of the mountain and the upper part of the steep slope. The soil layer is very thin, and the surface often has exposed rocks, some of which are covered by black soil, covering an area of 127 hectares. The Rocky dark brown soil is distributed on the ridge or steep slope, and also appears in the gentle slope section. The soil layer is thin, and the a layer is generally less than 5 cm, the gravel content is more than 50%, and the area is 1843 hectares, accounting for 9% of the dark brown soil Meadow dark brown soil is mainly distributed in gentle hills, river valleys and terraces. The thickness of the soil layer is generally about 20 cm. There are 5-10 cm grass roots on the surface of the soil. Brown rust or gray stripes often appear in the sediment layer to keep water It has good fertility retention, covering an area of 6444 hectares, accounting for 32% of the dark brown soil; the gley dark brown soil is mainly distributed in the valley, kuanpinggang, platform and other areas with poor drainage. Due to poor drainage, the soil has high water content, and the surface is characterized by mud carbonization, forming a humus peat layer with common water accumulation and potential spots. The thickness of layer a is less than 15 cm, covering an area of 267 hectares, accounting for only 30% of the dark brown soil 1.3%。

Forest vegetation

It belongs to the flora of Xing'an Mountains. The zonal vegetation is Larix mongolica forest. The main tree species are Quercus mongolica, Betula platyphylla, Populus davidiana, Larix gmelinii and Pinus sylvestris. The shrubs are Acanthopanax senticosus, Rhododendron, sankezhen, hazelnut, Corylus heterophylla, Yuanzhu, Schisandra chinensis, Rosa davurica, Diospyros kaki, and the herbs are Carex, dioscorea, Linglan, astragalus, baishen, Pulsatilla, Paeonia lactiflora, etc Cimicifuga, polygonatum odoratum, lily, etc. Among them, the Chinese herbal medicines are Cimicifuga, Yuanzhu, sankezhen, Sanguisorba officinalis, Scutellaria baicalensis and so on; the fungi are Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Hericium erinaceus, Pteridium aquilinum, hazelnut mushroom, birch mushroom and so on.

wild animal

There are mainly roe deer, moose, bear, wild boar, hare, fox, pheasant, flying dragon, wild duck, mountain pigeon, Chinese forest frog, etc.

Economics

There are 127 employees with a total population of 351. Among them, there are 10 management cadres, 2 engineering technicians and 3 teachers. There are schools, guest houses, maintenance teams, health centers and cable TV broadcasting rooms. The fixed assets are 730000 yuan and the annual output value is 1.3 million yuan. There are fiber optic telephone, lighting use Guodian. there are two natural villages in the construction area, with nearly 300 social workers, providing sufficient labor force for collecting mountain products. Heinen highway runs through the East and west of shiye District, and the county highway leading to Sunwu is flat and wide, forming a developed transportation network.

Forestry resources

forest coverage

The forest farm has a total management area of 23916 hectares and a total stock of 1148370 cubic meters. Among them, there are 18850 hectares of woodland, 17049 hectares of timber forest, with a volume of 101460 cubic meters; 1801 hectares of shelterbelt, with a volume of 131990 cubic meters; 1450 hectares of plantation, with a volume of 107410 cubic meters. There are 162 hectares of open woodland, 1306 hectares of shrubbery and 3049 hectares of non woodland. The forest coverage rate was 84.7%.

Stand type

In the forest resources, the main tree species of natural forest are Betula platyphylla (10059 hectares), with a volume of 662580 cubic meters, accounting for 62.7% and 56% of the natural forest area and volume respectively; Larch (1869 hectares), with a volume of 172750 cubic meters, accounting for 2.9% and 2.4% of the natural forest area and volume respectively; poplar (1356 hectares), with a volume of 81710 cubic meters, accounting for 8.4% and 6.9% of the natural forest area and volume respectively; soft broad-leaved forest area It has a total area of 1464 hectares, with a total volume of 150850 cubic meters, accounting for 9.1% and 12.8% of the area and volume of natural forest respectively; 842 hectares of coniferous and hardwood broadleaved mixed forest, with a total volume of 85650 cubic meters, accounting for 5.2% and 7.2% of the area and volume of natural forest respectively.

Age group structure

The total management area of the forest farm is 23916 hectares. The volume ratio of young to middle mature forest in natural forest is 3.4:4.3:2.3. The stand is mainly Larch pure forest, coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest, birch forest, poplar pure forest, hard broad-leaved mixed forest and soft broad-leaved mixed forest. The plantation is mainly larch, and the ratio of young to middle mature forest is 1.2:8.6:0.2.

Forest regionalization

Among the forestry land, 8474 hectares of key ecological forest were defined, accounting for 40.6% of the forestry land; 8046 hectares of general ecological forest were defined, accounting for 38.6% of the forestry land. The area of commercial forest is 4347 hectares, accounting for 20.8% of the forest land. In the key ecological forest, the area of artificial forest is 631 hectares, accounting for 3.3% of the forest land and 7.4% of the key ecological forest.

Forestry production and construction

Forestry structure

The forest farm was founded in 1958. Since its establishment, it has raised and cut 250000 cubic meters of timber, with an output value of 13.92 million yuan and a net profit of 1.95 million yuan. The total afforestation area is 3120 hectares, of which 1450 hectares have been planted, with a conservation rate of 52%. the forest farm has 7609 square meters of brick and wood structures for public use and civil use, including 1390 square meters of offices, schools, guest houses, computer rooms and shops, 5515 square meters of housing for employees' families, and 75% of them are brick and tile structures. The forest farm is powered by Guodian (with generator set for standby), and equipped with optical cable telephone, closed circuit television, computer and other facilities.

development direction

The first is to divide the forest with the main purpose of giving full play to ecological benefits into ecological public welfare forest and pursue the maximum ecological and social benefits through the definition of classified management division, and divide the forest with the main purpose of giving full play to economic benefits into commercial forest. Improve forest productivity and stand quality, and pursue the maximum economic benefits. On the whole, maximize the overall benefits of forests. Second, relying on the rich local resources, we should develop green wild vegetables, edible fungi and northeast medicinal plants in a planned and organized way. At the same time, we should actively use the forest land under management and management, vigorously develop forest planting and breeding, cultivate northeast unique Chinese herbal medicine, cash crops and edible fungi, breed forest frogs in the forest, and develop animal husbandry by using the rich grassland, so as to diversify the industry.

development projects

Relying on the local rich grassland, we will breed cattle and cashmere goats according to the market demand, actively explore cooperation, and introduce advanced varieties and advanced management at home and abroad

Chinese PinYin : Hei Long Jiang Sheng Hei He Shi Ai Hui Qu San Zhan Lin Chang