Guanpo Town, Zhao'an County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province

Guanpi town

Guanpo town is located in the northwest of Zhao'an County, Fujian Province, 43 kilometers away from the county seat. It is connected with Heping farm of Yunxiao County in the East, Xiage town in the south, Xiuzhuan town in the west, Daxi town of Pinghe County in the north, 117.05 ℃ E and 24.04 ℃ n.

Guanpi town has a mild climate, abundant rainfall and abundant water resources. It is the hometown of fruits and one of the main production bases of Litchi in the county. "Guanpi litchi" has obtained the trademark certification of the State Administration for Industry and commerce.

Guanpi township was established in 1984 and changed into a town in 1991, with 17 administrative villages. There are many famous scenic spots, such as Tianlou, Changlin temple and so on.

In 2017, the administrative area of guanpi town was 14920 hectares, with 48654 permanent residents.

geographical environment

Guanpi town is surrounded by mountains with beautiful scenery, mild climate, abundant rainfall and sufficient water. The average annual temperature of the town is 22 ℃, the frost free period is 353 days, and the annual rainfall is 1600-1800 mm. Guanpi town is suitable for fruit and forest, mainly planting litchi, green plum and longan.

Guanpi town is one of the county's main litchi production bases, with 43000 mu of high-quality black leaf litchi planted, and an annual output of more than 8000 tons. Zhaoping provincial road runs through guanpi Town, and each administrative village is connected with cement road, so the traffic is convenient.

As of 2011, there are 161 natural villages and 205 village groups in guanpi town. All of them are Hakkas of Han nationality. They are one of the ancestral places of Taiwan compatriots. There are more than 200000 descendants of guanpi people in Taiwan. The language belongs to the Hakka language family.

Historical evolution

Guanpo town is an old revolutionary base. During the agrarian revolution in 1928, the workers' and peasants' Red Army started a revolution in Makeng village. On February 15, 1930, the red regime Soviet revolutionary government was established in pingkeng and suzhutou villages. Local people called pingkengfu, sozhutou county.

In 1935, Lu Sheng, political commissar of the third independent regiment of the workers' and peasants' Red Army in Southern Fujian, led the armed forces to carry out guerrilla warfare in Longji, Gongtian, linshe and other places, and established Wushan base until the liberation of the whole country.

administrative division

Guanpi township was established in 1984 and changed to a town in 1991.

There are 17 administrative villages in guanpi Town, including Longgang Village, Makeng village, Fengshi village, Caixia village, Xiaguan village, pilong village, wukeng village, Guangming Village, Guangping village, Dabian village, Guanbei village, Xinkan village, Xinjing village, Di'ao village, Longji village, Gongtian village and linshe village.

natural resources

water resource

Guanpi town is rich in water resources. There are 13 small and medium-sized hydropower stations with a total installed capacity of 1800 kW.

mineral resources

The mineral resources include silver, lead, zinc, bismuth, tungsten, rare earth and so on. Among them, diwa is rich in silver. The zinc mine in longshandong of makang has also been developed. Dabian village, Xinkan village and a mountain range from pilong to Caixia village have high content of rare earth and need to be developed.

Economic overview

Guanpi market (xiaguanpi polder) is historically the distribution center of mountain goods on the border of Fujian and Guangdong and the border of Pinghe and Yunxiao counties in Fujian Province, with an annual trade volume of 80 million yuan. There are five mining, chemical and mineral processing enterprises and industries, with an annual output value of nearly 100 million yuan.

social undertakings

There is a complete middle school in the town, a rural correspondence university and a technical school, 18 primary schools and 24 kindergartens. There are well-equipped health centers with inpatients and outpatients. Telecommunication network, program-controlled telephone module office, mobile and Unicom base stations are all open. The financial system is sound. Agricultural Bank of China, rural credit cooperatives and postal savings bank all have business outlets in guanpi.

History and culture

There are more than 10000 families in guanpi, 97% of which are surnamed Zhang. They can be surnamed Zhang, Liao or Zhang Liao. Zhang Liao, a unique surname, is neither a compound surname nor a transliteration. It is a combination of the father's surname and the mother's surname. In terms of blood relationship, it is a combination of the two surnames. On the family name is two, on the blood is actually a vein.

The ancestor of the zhangliao surname in guanpi was the "Zhanggong and liaoma" more than 600 years ago. Zhang left a will when he died: "the descendants should be born with the surname of Liao and live with the family name of Guangmu; they should return to Zhang and live with the surname of zhangliao when they die." His son and friends also vowed: "all my descendants will be born with the surname Liao and die with the surname Zhang. If they move to other places, they will be born with the surname Zhang Liao or the surname Zhang Liao. Let them help themselves." In this way, the surnames of Zhang, Liao, and "Zhang Liao" are all descended from "Zhang Gong and Liao Mu". Since then, the peculiar surname "Zhang Liao" has appeared in China.

In the early period of the Republic of China, guanpi registered, and the situation changed a lot: the old wrote Liao, the young wrote Zhang; the old read private school read Liao, read new school read Zhang; the woman's surname was Liao, the man's surname was Zhang. On the eve of the founding of the people's Republic of China, except for a few women who used Liao's surname, the rest were changed to Zhang's.

There are many Liao families living in Xiluo Town, Yunlin County, Taiwan Province. They are all the lineages and descendants of the Zhang family in guanpi. There are an endless stream of Liao family in Taiwan who visit their ancestors in the ancestral hall of the "Zhang family".

famous scenery

Guanpo town is the hometown of earth buildings in mountainous areas, and earth buildings are scattered all over the town.

As of 2008, there are 115 large and small earth buildings. It can be said that all over the world. These earth buildings are of different sizes and shapes, including round, square, octagonal, half moon, dustpan, and "building in the building" with small buildings. Guanpi Tulou, the oldest one is Xikou building, which has a history of 500-600 years; the largest one is Zaitian building, which is commonly known as building, which has a history of 300 years.

The rock paintings and ancient Chinese characters of Mabei mountain, the rock paintings of Ximen mountain, and the tiandihui site of Hongmen in Changlin Temple of Ming Dynasty are the databases for studying the ancient culture, politics, religion, and guild organizations of Southern Fujian.

In Tianlou

Zaitianlou, 55 kilometers north of Nanzhao Town, is located in Dabian village of guanpo town. It was built in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty and is located from northeast to southwest. From a close view, it is a round building village, from a high view, it is a structure of eight trigrams. The building is three stories high and about 11 meters high.

In the field building is octagonal with a circle, 99.8 meters in diameter, 5 floors, magnificent momentum, basically intact, the scale of the province's first Tulou. It is known as "the largest super earth building in the world" and "the largest diameter earth building for Chinese residents".

There are three walls inside and outside the village, three ancestral halls inside, two floors outside, three floors in the middle, and a total of 320 houses outside and in the middle. There are two gates. There is a triangular pond behind louzhai, named sanyuanchi, with clear water and visible bottom. As of 2009, there are 63 households and more than 300 people living in the building.

Taking zaitianlou as the center, there are 12 Tulou nearby, namely Shuimei Lou, Shima Lou, Yutian Lou, Yufeng Lou, Anbian Lou, Tianxia Lou, Xincheng Lou, Longtou Lou, Fengshan Lou, Yanyi Lou, Fengming Lou and Guangyu Lou.

Changlin Temple

Changlin temple, located in Linyu village, guanpi Town, Zhao'an County, is a cultural relic protection unit at the county level. It was built in 1654 (the 11th year of Shunzhi reign of Qing Dynasty). In 1960, it was converted into a bungalow by chizhuping farm.

Changlin temple is built close to the mountain, with a back mountain and a front water. It has a construction area of more than 500 square meters. It sits in the north and south, and is composed of a gate tower, two corridors, a patio, a main hall and two East and West chambers. There are 1 stele of Changlin Temple preserved, 1 stele of Changlin Temple rebuilt and 2 pairs of stone column couplets. On the other side of the wooden plaque, it is engraved "Lu ruoji of lunshan in Mengxia in 1652 is Hualian hall, and the abbot of Changlin temple is monk and Taoist Zongli.".

Eternal Temple

Wangu temple, located in Xiaguan village, guanpi Town, Zhao'an County, was built in Ming Dynasty and is a cultural relic protection unit at the county level.

It is dedicated to Shizu, his generals and Guandi. Covering an area of 254 square meters, the temple sits from northwest to Southeast and is composed of gate tower, two corridors, patio, main hall and back building. The main hall is three rooms wide and three rooms deep, with a wooden frame and a hard top. It is preserved in 1830 (the 10th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty) and 1872 (the year of Renshen reign of Tongzhi).

Chinese PinYin : Fu Jian Sheng Zhang Zhou Shi Zhao An Xian Guan Bei Zhen