Gushu Town, Dangtu County, Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province

Gushu town

Gushu Town, subordinate to Dangtu County, Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province, is located in Dangtu County, with 22 villagers' committees and 8 communities. It is one of the top 1000 towns in China. Taibai town and Huhe town of Dangtu in the south, Yintang town of Ma'anshan in the north, the Yangtze River in the West and the new Danbo sub urban area in the East. Gushu town is the political, economic, cultural and business center of Dangtu County, Anhui Province. With a total area of 113.94 square kilometers (in 2017) and a total population of 150680 (in 2017), it now governs 12 villages and 11 communities (the original 6 villages have been planned and constructed as new towns in the north, East and south of the county).

In October 2019, Gushu town was selected as one of the "Top 1000 towns with comprehensive strength in China in 2019".

Historical evolution

History: Gushu town is located on the East Bank of Wanjiang River, with beautiful scenery, rich cultural heritage, many places of interest and profound cultural heritage. The city is called Gushu in ancient times and has a long history. It was built during the Huangwu period of the Three Kingdoms. It is the gateway of Jinling, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties. Huangshan tower built in Jin Dynasty, Jinzhu tower and Lingyun tower in Ming Dynasty are the witness of Gushu town's long history. It is the so-called "although Gushu is small, there are three towers and two floating bridges".

The whole story of the city wall

Gushu, as the name of the city, was first seen in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but it was built in the Huangwu period (222-228) of the Sun Wu period. It is recorded in the county annals of all dynasties that the foundation of the city is Huangwu. In the second year of Xingning (364) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, dashima Huanwen town Gushu, rebuilt Gushu city and built Zicheng in the north of the city. In the ninth year of kaihuang (589) of Sui Dynasty, the overseas Chinese moved Dangtu County to gushucheng. From then on, gushucheng not only served as the seat of Dangtu County, but also served as Taiping Prefecture in Song Dynasty, Taiping Road in Yuan Dynasty and Taiping mansion in Ming and Qing Dynasty. In the third year of Baoda in the Southern Tang Dynasty (945), the county was expanded to span the Guxi River to sanlidian in the south, lingjiashan in the East, and the city wall was three Zhang high and fifteen Li in the circumference. In the third year of Jianyan (1129) of the Southern Song Dynasty, Guo Wei, the governor of the state, abandoned the Guxi river outside the city because it was inconvenient to cross the river in the urban area and "reduced the old one third". After that, the moat was excavated, the north and south water gates were increased, and five gate towers were built. According to the records of Dangtu County annals in the 15th year of Emperor Qianlong, Gushu city had been built into a brick wall with a height of three feet and six feet and a wall of nine miles and 19 steps. There were 1850 battlements, five police stations, enemy towers in four corners and six Gates: Xingchun gate in the East, Chengjiang gate in the west, Qingyuan gate in the north, Gushu River in the south, Longjin gate, Nanjin gate and Hushu gate from east to west. In 1854, after entering the city, the Taiping Army demolished the bricks and stones of the city wall and transported them to jinzhuguan to build the military fortification "Tianbao city". In 1864, the Qing army transported the bricks and stones of Tianbao city to Jinling City to build the city. before the Anti Japanese War, there were still two dilapidated gates in the old city wall. After the fall of Dangtu, they were all demolished to prevent the Japanese army from occupying them. Although the majestic and spectacular ancient city wall of Gushu County no longer exists, the moat, 4 km in length and nearly 100 meters in width, on the East, West and north sides of the city, is still elegant. Its preservation degree is rare in the whole country.

Urban water supply

Gushucheng is an ancient city with the characteristics of water town in the south of the Yangtze River. During the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, four city rivers were excavated in the city, two in east-west direction and two in north-south direction. They were respectively located under xijiedao farmer's market (north-south direction), Yudai River and Shihe River in the county, and 17 arch bridges such as "Qingcheng" and "Jincheng" were erected to facilitate residents' access. The moat flows into the city from Dongguan, Nanguan and Xiguan, and then flows out from Beiguan. The moat is connected with Gushu River and Yangtze River through Xinba and meizhuang sluice in the southeast of the city, realizing the connection of outer river, Chenghe River and Shihe River, as well as the introduction of purified water and the discharge of sewage. The residents live by the river, which completely solves the problem of domestic water consumption in Gushu city. This kind of overall city water supply circulation system is rare in Chinese history.

Urban pattern in Qing Dynasty

Gushucheng has been the administrative, cultural, economic and military center of Ma'anshan area from 589 to November 1956. Therefore, gushucheng has perfect functions and scientific and reasonable structure, which is the epitome of ancient Chinese cities. This paper introduces the structure of Gushu city in Qing Dynasty.
at that time, the main buildings in the city were Dacheng hall, Wenchang palace, Taiping government office, Dang Tu County Department, Prefectural School of learning, trial court, dacha academy, Jianyang command command Bureau, etc. there were more than 30 temples in Town God's Temple, Huacheng temple, Xuan Temple Temple, and Nan Chan temple. There are four main streets: the East Street about 2 li long from fuyaqian to nanjinmen; the West Street about 4 li long from qingyuanmen to hushumen; the cross street about 4 li long from zichunmen to chengjiangmen. In 1865, the Qing army set up the governor yamen of changjiangshuishi in the middle of the cross street, so the middle of the cross street was renamed tishulu; and the Rulin street from zhangjiaqiao to Xianghuaqiao. The street is generally 6-8 meters wide and is arranged in the shape of "well". In Dongxi street, both sides and majunzhai, there are more than 50 East-West alleys. Most of the alleys are green brick and small tile bungalows, which are the main residential areas. in terms of business, it mainly focuses on the quays on both sides of the upper and lower pontoons and the area along Si Xiang in Henan Province. In addition to the famous Dongxi pawnshops, there are also many shops, forming the East and West markets. There are neighborhoods specializing in the trading of firewood and rice, namely today's Chai Xiang and Mi Xiang. On the north side of tishu street, which runs through the East and west of the city, there are many administrative organs, such as Taiping government department, dujianyuan, Yangtze River Navy supervision department, jianyangwei Command Office and so on. Southeast of the city is the center of culture and education, where Dacheng hall, Wenchang palace, Fu County school and Anhui Education and administration department are concentrated. There are many garrisons in the East and north of the city, including Dongying, Nanying and majunzhai.
Gushu town of Dangtu County is located in Ma'anshan, Wuhu and Nanjing urban agglomerations, with convenient transportation and good infrastructure. Shanghai copper railway, Anhui Jiangxi railway, Ma Wu expressway, 205 national highway and 314 provincial highway run across the territory, and the golden waterway of the Yangtze River passes through. It is the seat of Dangtu County and the political, economic and cultural center of the county. With a population of 130000 and a total area of 110 square kilometers, the town has 22 villager committees and 8 communities. A number of tourism development projects such as zengshan leisure villa are under construction. Gushu town's economic and social undertakings have made great progress.

City garrison events

In 222-228 ad, Sun Quan of the Three Kingdoms built Gushu city. Gushu, as a city name, was first seen in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but it was built in the Huangwu period (222-228). It is recorded in county annals of all dynasties that the foundation of the city is "Huangwu".
In the early years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the General Wang Dun moved to the town of Gushu and rebelled, which was later put down.
In the third year of Xingning (365), Huanwen moved to Gushu, rebuilt Gushu City, and built a sub city in the north of Gushu City, which is the location of Taiping government in Ming and Qing Dynasties (now in the 86th Hospital of PLA); in the fourth year of Taihe (369), Huanwen led the army to attack Qianyan; in the first year of Xian'an (371), Huanwen "wrote a letter to Gushu" and later died in Gushu and buried in Qingshan North foot.
Huan Xuan usurped Jin in Gushu in the first year of Yuanxing (402), Emperor an of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which lasted only more than 100 days. During this period, Huan Xuan promulgated the "paper instead of bamboo order", which has a positive significance for the promotion of the use of paper and the spread of culture. In the summer of 1360, Chen Youliang kidnapped Xu Shouhui and led the navy to Taiping. Under Zhu Yuanzhang's hand, Hua Yun, a fierce general, kept peace. There were only a few thousand people who resisted tenaciously. Three days later, when Chen Youliang was in high water, the huge ship was berthed at the southwest corner of Taiping City. The stern of the ship was as high as that of the city. Soldiers swarmed on the ship, and Taiping City was captured. Hua Yun, the fierce general, was captured and scolded: "thief slave! If you bind me now, my Lord will avenge me and kill you and others! " He jumped up again, broke the rope and killed five or six people.
In a rage, Chen Youliang sent someone to tie Huayun to the mast of the ship, and ordered his soldiers to shoot at each other, shooting Huayun into a hedgehog.
After attacking Taiping City, Chen Youliang felt that the "emperor Xu" was no longer useful. He sent a strong man to smash his head with a hammer and throw his body at random. The "Tianwan" regime is really over.
Then, Chen Youliang held a ceremony to ascend the throne at Wutong temple in Caishiji. He called himself Emperor and changed his name to Dayi.
The emperor Chen said that the emperor was too anxious, and the "ministers" stood by the river and saluted hastily. In case of heavy rain, he was in a state of embarrassment. Zou Pusheng, who first supported Xu Shouhui as "emperor", has now become Chen Youliang's "grand master". Chen Youliang took Zhang Bixian as "prime minister" and Zhang Dingbian as "Taiwei". Then he led the army back to Jiangzhou.

Location traffic

Gushu Town, located in Dangtu County, is located in the urban agglomeration of Ma'anshan, Wuhu and Nanjing. It is close to Taibai town and Huhe town in Dangtu in the south, Yintang town in Ma'anshan in the north, the Yangtze River in the West and the vice urban area of xindanbo in the East. It has superior geographical location, good location conditions and convenient transportation. Shanghai copper railway, Anhui Jiangxi railway, national highway 205, provincial highway 314 and Ning Wu Expressway run through the territory. It is 40 km away from Nanjing Lukou International Airport, 20 km away from Wuhu Wanli civil military airport and Wuhu Yangtze River Bridge, and 5 km away from MAANSHAN Yangtze River Bridge. Transportation, communication, water supply and drainage, power supply and other infrastructure are complete. The village road network has been basically completed, and the roads are all cement pavement.

population size

According to the relevant information on the local government website, the town has a population of 150680 (in 2017) and a total area of 113.94 square kilometers (in 2017). It has jurisdiction over 22 villagers' committees and 8 communities

Chinese PinYin : An Hui Sheng Ma An Shan Shi Dang Tu Xian Gu Shu Zhen