Zhenhai District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province

Zhenhai District, Zhenhai District, is located in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, located in the northeast of Ningbo, the middle section of the Chinese mainland coastline, the Yangtze River Delta, the South China Sea and the East China Sea. Zhoushan archipelago in the East, Ningshao plain in the west, Beilun port in the south, Hangzhou Bay in the north, and a strip of water with Shanghai. On January 29, 2013, the Ministry of housing and urban rural development of the people's Republic of China listed Zhenhai District of Ningbo as the first batch of National Smart City pilot projects. With a land area of 246 square kilometers, Guisi street is now under the jurisdiction of 2 towns and 5 streets (among which Guisi street is entrusted to the Management Committee of Ningbo national high tech Zone).

In October 2019, it will become the 44th in the list of top 100 districts in China's comprehensive strength (top 100 districts in China), the top 100 districts in science and technology innovation in 2019, and the top 100 districts in green development in 2019. On October 9, 2020, it was awarded the title of the fourth batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration cities and counties by the Ministry of ecological environment.

Historical evolution

Zhenhai has a long history. At the foot of Hengshan in Xiaogang and the foot of Sheshan in Shaxi, there are traces of Neolithic human habitation.

After the founding of the state of Yue at the end of the spring and Autumn period, its land began to belong.

In the 25th year of the reign of emperor Yingzheng of Qin (222 BC), Kuaiji county was set up and jurzhang county was established. Because it was located in the east of jurzhang County, it was called jurzhang Dongjing for 843 years.

In 621, the fourth year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, the ancient period was divided into Yao and Yin states. In the eighth year, Yinzhou was renamed as the eastern border of the county. In 809, Wanghai town was built at the mouth of Yongjiang River, which was the beginning of the construction and governance of Zhenhai.

In May of 909, the third year of Kaiping in the Later Liang Dynasty, Qian Liu, king of Wu and Yue, visited Mingzhou and built the city in Wanghai town. In August, Qian Liu set up Wanghai county (Taiping Huanyu Ji) for the benefit of fishing and salt because Wanghai town was located in binhaikou. It was soon changed to Dinghai county. At that time, the county only governed Qingquan, lingxu, Chongqiu and Jintang.

In 1077, Yinxian Lingyan, Taiqiu and Haiyan were designated as Dinghai. In 1078, Yuanfeng Jintang was designated as Lichang. Qingquan was divided into East and West townships. Since then, the county has jurisdiction over seven townships and is designated as Shangxian.

The system of Yuan Dynasty inherited that of Song Dynasty. In 1387, the state of Chang abolished the county and changed it into a Wei county. The former state of Chang (now Zhoushan City) was subordinate to Dinghai County until the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty.

In 1687, the original Dinghai county was changed to Zhenhai county. Dinghai was founded in 778. The next year, Dinghai county was built in the former Changguo border. So far, Zhoushan belonged to Zhenhai for 300 years. The organizational system of Zhenhai County remained unchanged during the period of the Republic of China.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, due to political and economic construction and other factors, the organizational system changed frequently. By the end of 1954, 10 townships in the north of Longshan were assigned to Cixi County; 5 townships in CiDong, such as Hetou and Shishi, were assigned to Zhenhai; and the Hudao at the mouth of Hangzhou Bay was assigned to Shengsi. In 1958, Yuyao county was transferred to Wenxi township; at the end of the same year, the county was withdrawn and merged into Ningbo City, and Zhenhai county was restored in January 1963. In July 1985, it was merged into Ningbo city again. In October of the same year, the county system was officially abolished and Zhenhai District of Ningbo City was established. Zhenhai county has a history of 299 years. It took 1077 years for the county to be established and abolished.

administrative division

Zhenhai District includes seven towns and streets, namely Shupu Town, Jiulonghu Town, Zhaobaoshan street, Jiaochuan street, Luotuo street, Guisi street and Zhuangshi street. Shupu town includes two communities and seven villages, namely Huiyuan and Guangyuan communities, Yuyan, miaodai, shiqifang, juedu, Yanshan, Wantang and Lanshan villages. Jiulonghu town consists of 2 communities and 11 villages, namely Siyuan and Longyuan communities, Tiangu, Wenxi, Shishi, Xihe, xijingtang, Jiulonghu, Zhongxin, Hetou, tianyangchen, Changhong and dujiaao villages. Zhaobaoshan Street includes 10 communities, including Chengdong, Shengli Road, Zongpu bridge, houdajie, Chezhan Road, Shunlong, Ximen, Bailong, Haigang and zhangjianqi communities. Jiaochuan Street includes 13 communities and 8 villages, including Yufan, Linjiang, Yinfeng, Hongqiao, Wulipai, Dongxin Road, Zhongyi, shitangxia, Qingfeng, Houshi, Zhendian, Sinopec Sanjian and Lianhua communities, qingshuipu, Mianfeng, dujiaqiao, Nanhong, Yanjiang, Chenjia, Yufan and Yingzhou villages. Luotuo Street includes 11 communities and 9 villages, including Zhongjie, Shengjia, Nanyi, Jingyuan, Lianqing, Jinhua, Jinyi, jianganghu, zhishufang, Jindong and Xinchen communities, Luotuo, Yusan, dongjiafan, Chaoyang, tuanqiao, Shangzhi, Luoxing, qingshuihu and Jingde villages. Guisi Street includes one community and seven villages, namely Guisi community, Xingfeng, Miaosheng temple, Dongqian, Guisi, lidongqiao, Minlian and Shahe Village. Zhuangshi Street includes 9 communities and 6 villages, including Xingzhuang Road, Zhuangshi, Zhuangyi, chenni Road, higher education, Tongxin lake, Zhongxing, Jinxiu and Lianxing communities, Guangming, QinYong, Zhongbao, Yongwang, Wanshi Xu and Hantang villages. (by the end of 2019)

geographical environment

geographical position

A narrow strip of water is located at 30 degrees north latitude and 121 degrees east longitude, located in the middle of the Chinese mainland coast. It is located in the middle of China's mainland coastline, the Southern Yangtze River Delta, the eastern side of Ningshao plain, the East Ping Zhoushan islands, the West Lian Ning Shao plain, the South Beilun port, the North Hangzhou Bay, the East Beilun area, the South Jiangbei District, the West Cixi City, the North East China Sea, and Shanghai. Since ancient times, Zhenhai has been one of the important ports for China's foreign exchanges, known as the "gateway of eastern Zhejiang". With the completion of Hangzhou Bay Cross Sea Bridge and Zhoushan cross sea bridge, Zhenhai has become a traffic node connecting Ningbo in the west, Shanghai in the north and Zhoushan in the East.

topographic features

Zhenhai District has a land area of 246 square kilometers, with a long and narrow terrain. The terrain is high in the northwest and Southeast at both ends and flat in the middle. Yongjiang river flows from southwest to northeast into the sea and crosses the central part of the territory. The terrain of the whole region is divided into three types: low hills in the northwest plain, hilly plains in the middle and hilly islands in the southeast. To the north of Yongjiang River is the low hill of Northwest plain, which belongs to the plain of water network in the north of Ningbo. It is formed by Holocene alluvial, marine lake and river sedimentation. The surface elevation is 2-3m (Yellow Sea elevation system). The same below). The northwest edge of the plain is low mountains and hills, belonging to the remaining veins of Siming Mountain, with an elevation of 100-400m. To the south of Yongjiang River, there is a gap between the central hills and plains. The hills belong to the aftervein of Tiantai Mountain, with an elevation of 200-500 meters. It is separated by Lingfeng mountain and is called Changshan plain to the west of the mountain. It is connected with Yindong plain and is formed by Quaternary alluvial, marine, lake and river sedimentation, with surface elevation of 2-3m; Daqi Chaiqiao plain is located to the east of the mountain, along jintanggang to the north, and Lingfeng mountain and Taibai Mountain foot line are located to the southwest, with surface elevation of 2-3m. The southeast hilly island in the territory is called Chuanshan peninsula. There are more than 20 islands, such as Daxie and Meishan, on both sides of the peninsula. There are many gorge plains in the mountains around the sea, which are formed by proluvial and marine deposits.

Climatic characteristics

Zhenhai is a subtropical monsoon climate zone with mild and humid climate, four distinct seasons, sufficient light, abundant rainfall and long frost free period. The annual average temperature is 16.3 ℃, and the daily average temperature is stable through 10 ℃, lasting from 231 days to 235 days. The annual effective average accumulated temperature ranges from 4920 ℃ to 5030 ℃. The frost free period is 237 days, the annual precipitation is 1310-1370 mm, and the annual rainy days are 148 days. The annual sunshine hours are 1944.3 hours and the sunshine rate is 44%. However, typhoons in summer and autumn, low temperature and rainy in spring and cloudy and rainy in autumn are the natural factors of agricultural instability.

Population nationality

population

At the end of 2019, the total number of registered residence households was 103642, with a population of 257560. The annual birth rate was 8.0 ‰, the death rate was 5.1 ‰, and the natural population growth rate was 2.9 ‰. 833 women got married for the first time, with a two child rate of 40.1%. At the end of the year, the total population and population data of registered residence in the whole district did not include the expensive street. At the end of the year, the total number of the streets of GUI Si registered residence was 6115, with a population of 14059.

nation

Zhenhai District belongs to the area where ethnic minorities live in scattered and mixed communities. Basically, there are no ethnic minorities living in Zhenhai District. Most of the ethnic minorities in Zhenhai District move in from other places. There are more than 800 permanent residents of ethnic minorities in Zhenhai District, including 26 ethnic groups (she, Miao, Tujia, Dong, Mongolia, Zhuang, man, Hui, Zang, Buyi, Gaoshan, Uygur, Russia, Yao, Bai, WA, Mulao, etc.), mainly from marriage and employment of college and secondary school students, with a minority floating population of more than 5000.

natural resources

Hydrological resources

The annual average total water resources of Zhenhai District is 528.89 million cubic meters (including reused water), of which surface water resources are 487.59 million cubic meters, accounting for 92.2% of the total; groundwater resources are 41.3072 million cubic meters, accounting for 7.8% of the total; water per capita is 1100 cubic meters, and water per mu is 1230 cubic meters. The average annual precipitation of the whole region is 1.1009 billion cubic meters, the average annual runoff depth is 470-920 mm, and the total runoff is 509 million cubic meters. The spatial and temporal distribution is similar to precipitation.

Tidal resources

Yongjiang River, which originates from Fenghua and Xinchang Wushan, flows to the northeast and rises to Sanjiangkou of Ningbo; the other flows out of Xiliang lake dam of Shangyu to Sanjiangkou Huihui of Ningbo through Yuyao City, and then flows into Huibieyang from the northeast to zhenhaikou, with a drainage area of 5299 square kilometers. The Sanjiangkou is called Yongjiang River in ancient times and dajiajiang River in ancient times, with a flow length of 26 kilometers, including Zhenhai section of 16 kilometers. Yongjiang River is a perennial River in the plain. Today, the width of the Harbour Road is 270-404 meters, with the widest point of 600 meters. The estuary tide is irregular semidiurnal tide with an average tidal range of 1.75 m. The average tide rising time is 6 hours and 23 minutes, and the average ebb time is 6 hours. The annual fog day is 24 days.

Huibieyang, in the northeast of Zhenhai District, is about 40 km long from north to South and 30 km wide from east to west, covering an area of about 40 km

Chinese PinYin : Zhe Jiang Sheng Ning Bo Shi Zhen Hai Qu