Zhou Kui

Zhou Kui

Zhou Kui (1098-1174), whose name is Liyi, is called Jingxi and Weixin Jushi. Changzhou Yixing people. He was born in the first year of Yuanfu of song zhezong and died in the first year of Chunxi of Xiaozong at the age of 77. Less mechanics. He moved from the rural school to the capital school and recited his works. In the sixth year of Xuanhe, he was promoted to shijiake and transferred to Huizhou. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, in addition to supervising the censor, he moved to the palace to serve the censor. In office for only two months, the speech to 30 chapters, and cited the improper acts of all 20. During the reign of emperor Xiaozong, he was tired of paying homage to the government and had the right to know the affairs of the Privy Council. Yu youyou and Chen Bokang were prime ministers. Kui wanted to retire, except for the Bachelor of zizhengdian. He began to know Quanzhou, retired, became an official and lived in leisure for many years. This portrait is taken from the genealogy of Zhou family in Xishan, Jiangsu Province.

Family background

Zhou Kui died in the first month of the first year of Chunxi reign of emperor Xiaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty (1174 AD). He was 77 years old and buried in Meilin, Yicheng. I heard of the earthquake and presented it to doctor Zhengfeng. Later, he ascended to the imperial court as a son and presented it to Taifu. Shi Huijian. His works include 20 shengzhuanshi, 30 anthologies and 5 volumes of memorials. Both of them were published in parallel. He is the descendant of Zhou Chu, the first figure of Yang Xian. His ancestor was famous, especially in the Six Dynasties. Among the four generations from Zhou bream to Zhou Jin, many of them were named king, Duke and marquis. Zhou Qian was the prefect of Poyang and the Marquis of Guannei; Zhou Chu was the Xiaohou of Jin Dynasty, and was granted the title of zhongwugong and wuhuizhengying; Zhou Ji was the prefect of Wuxing and Wucheng in Eastern Jin Dynasty, and then Jinjue was the Duke; Zhou Zha was the general of Zhenglu, zhangputing and Dongqian County in Eastern Jin Dynasty; Zhou Xie was the prefect of linhuai and wuchenggong in Eastern Jin Dynasty; Zhou Mao was the prefect of Jinling and qingliuting in Eastern Jin Dynasty; Zhou Zan was the great Marquis of Eastern Jin Dynasty General in Zhonglang, Wukang County Hou; Zhou Jin, for the Eastern Jin Dynasty Prince literature, all rural Hou. In the history of Zhou family, the deeds of Sanxing Yibing, loyalty, filial piety and uprightness had a great influence on Zhou Kui's character.

The offspring of Zhoukui

Zhou Kui's descendants are quite famous. Among them, the famous one is Zhou Jiamei in the late Qing Dynasty. Zhou Jiamei was a Jinshi in the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859 AD). He successively served as the official of shuntianfu, the prime minister, the Minister of state affairs, the left Deputy censor of duchayuan, and the left servant of Li Department. He was deeply respected and loved by the gentry and people.

Zhou family in Yixing

Zhou chuzhuan in the book of Jin: he is strict in self-control, changes every day, takes life seriously, sacrifices his country and forgets his body. He can be called a man of outstanding ambition. Zhou Kui's biography in the history of the Song Dynasty: Xiaozong said, "an de Ruqing, who understands." Zhou Jiamei, a draft of the history of the Qing Dynasty: the people of Shuntian feel the legacy of it, so please build a special ancestral hall in Tongzhou and grant it. Yixing Zhou's ancestral precept: Orchid room Baosi, long and forget each other, water light Li Gan, different Yan. Therefore, a gentleman is scrupulous with others, and he will take his friends. Heaven and earth are healthy, life is the best, maintaining the principle and discipline, helping the weak. Zhou family motto in Yixing: filial piety, loyalty, integrity, diligence, modesty, fairness and integrity.

Life of the characters

Zhou Kui, the sixth year of Xuanhe (1124 A.D.) of Huizong of Song Dynasty, came to Huizhou and was awarded the official of pushing Huizhou. He was quick, decisive and talented. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, he successively conferred the posts of censor in charge of supervision and censor in the palace. Just two months after he took office, he wrote 30 memorials, 20 of which criticized the court for improper handling of affairs and directly accused the Prime Minister of not being responsible. Gaozong was very dissatisfied. His face changed with anger. He said angrily, "Zhao Ding and Zhang Jun are willing to work for the imperial court, so they have to give them power. Why do you always blame them with trifles?" Zhou Kui said without fear: "Your Majesty has replaced more than ten prime ministers after he ascended the throne. At first, they were satisfied with the appointment of him, but in the end, he was dismissed because the public discussion did not allow him. Your majesty has ever asked the minister to be loyal and direct to admonish you. Can't the courtiers tell you if they have? If they don't correct their minor faults, how can they be saved if their crimes get deeper and deeper? " After listening to these words, Gaozong turned to admire Zhou Kui's opinion. at that time, the debate within the imperial court on the northern expedition was very fierce. Zhang Jun and others urged the northern expedition to recover the lost land. Zhou Kui wrote three memorials to clarify the advantages and disadvantages. He stressed that "in the time of survival, we must consider the safety of the country" and that "if the conditions are not mature, we must not go to war easily.". As a result, Zhou Kui was demoted to the rank of Si Nong Shao Qing and transferred to the post of magistrate of Xinzhou (now Shangrao, Jiangxi Province) by Zhimi Ge. When Zhao Ding died, Qin Hui was appointed prime minister, and wanted to use Zhou Kui to give him a royal censor. Zhou Kui did not like Qin Hui's wish, wrote to the Emperor: "may your majesty take renzu (song Renzong) as the law, and Minister Du Yan (Renzong's virtuous Prime Minister) as the law." Since then, Qin Hui began to be dissatisfied with Zhou Kui. Zhou Kui also talked about the three evils of the state, the military and the government, and the scholars and the people, which further offended the sinister Qin Hui, and Zhou Kui was demoted again. He was appointed governor of Huzhou and governor of Pingjiang (now Suzhou). When Qin Hui died, Zhou Kui Fu knew Shaoxing Prefecture, the Minister of rites and the son of the state. Zhou Kui also played: "the imperial examination is the reason for selecting scholars. In the new year, the Chief Secretary caters to the minister's wishes. Scholars are eager to follow suit. They hope to imperial edict and choose the autumn examiner. They select the scholars who have learned the classics, and put them in the front row. They get rid of the farfetched, absurd and abnormal ones.". As a result, Zhou Kui was excluded and became governor of Xinzhou. He started to know Fuzhou, introduced diseases, and changed to hold the Taiping Xingguo palace. Soon after, LongTuge was added and transferred to Taiping prefecture (now Dangtu, Anhui Province, has jurisdiction over Dangtu, Fanchang, Wuhu, etc.). One year, the flood broke out and the dyke was seriously damaged. He led the officers, soldiers and people to fight the flood together, and all the buildings were repaired. This year, the polder fields near the county were flooded, and the disaster was very serious. Only Dangtu had abundant grain. He also made up his mind to renovate the long-term silted river course in the city, so that every household in the city would be provided with food by the government, and worked hard with the soldiers to dredge it, so as to make it smooth and free from floods, which was deeply loved by the people. Later, Zhou Kui entered the Jiying hall to repair and write, Fuwen pavilion to be made, and Wuzhou (now Jinhua, Zhejiang) was the magistrate. When Xiaozong ascended the throne, in June of the first year of Longxing (1163 AD), he was given the title of minister of the Ministry of war and Minister of the Ministry of household. At this time, the struggle among various forces within the Jin regime intensified, and WAN Yanliang, the abandoned emperor of the Jin Dynasty, was killed by Wan Yanyi and others. Zhang Jun thought that the time had come and told the Emperor: "if the enemy lost Sizhou, all those who were afraid of crime wanted to come and return, and they were willing to send troops to the Huai River. This is the opportunity to recover.". Kui please to: "that can not be lifted lightly, tired hundreds of words.". Not adopted. The imperial court sent Li Xianzhong and Shao Hongyuan to attack Lingbi and Hong counties, but they were defeated. Xiaozong thought his words were to the point and correct. Zhou Kuisheng, a senior official of the left Taizhong, paid a visit to the magistrate (Deputy Prime Minister). In July of the second year of Longxing (1164 AD), he also served as the deputy magistrate of the Privy Council. Because Zhou Kui opposed the northern expedition, he disagreed with prime ministers Yu Yunwen and Chen KangBo, and repeatedly asked to resign. Song Xiaozong asked him, "why do you ask for your power?" Zhou Kui said, "since the beginning of the pre administration, when you talk with the prime minister, there are those who think you should follow him, those who can't be forced to follow him, and those who refuse to follow him. I think your majesty will also feel that we are not in agreement. Of about ten things, seven or eight of them are not obedient. They are quite content with their hearts. Therefore, I want to go. " During Zhou Kui's term of office, although he had different political opinions, he was always able to proceed from the overall situation and do a good job. He also recommended talents for the emperor, including those who had opposed him. He was praised by his filial piety for his broad mind. Once, Xiaozong said to Zhou Kui, "it's rare for someone like you to be considerate." All the people recommended by Zhou Kui were employed by Xiaozong as good ladies. In November of the second year of Longxing, Zhou Kui, as a Bachelor of zizhengdian, promoted Dongxiao Palace (now in Lin'an, Zhejiang Province). Later transferred to Quanzhou magistrate (now Fujian Quanzhou) aging, increase the bachelor's resignation.

Zhou Kui's biography in the history of Song Dynasty

Zhou Kui was born in Yixing, Changzhou. Little mechanics, from the rural school moved to the capital, the two schools recited their articles. In the sixth year of Xuanhe, he was promoted to shijiake. Transfer Huizhou to promote officials. When Gaozong moved to Lin'an, all the troops crossed the border. Kui and the magistrate took charge of the county affairs. They were quick to deal with the situation. Professor Lin'an Fu, not on, the Minister of the Ministry of official Chen Yuyi secret recommendation, called to test the library. Gao Zong said, "from ban duo to Qing Zheng." In addition to supervising the censor, he moved to the palace to serve the censor. He has been in office for only two months, and has spoken to 30 chapters. In addition, he has done 20 improper things, which means that the prime minister is not responsible. Gao Zong changed his colors and said, "Zhao Ding and Zhang Jun are willing to take up their duties. They must have the right to fake them. How can they suddenly take the form of trifles?" Kui said: "when your majesty ascended the throne, he had already met ten people. At the beginning, he was very willing to appoint him. He was not allowed to leave by public discussion, and the minister had no firm will. If your majesty has a fault, he still hopes that the minister will be loyal. If he has a fault, it will be a sign that he will not change his fault. His crimes will grow deeper and deeper, which is not why he will be saved. " Gaozong changed his appearance and said, "this theory is very strange." Zhang Jun talked about the northern expedition, and Kui San Zhang said that "this opportunity for survival is not only related to safety." Or words kuiju big plan, strike for the Secretary of agriculture Shaoqing, Zhimi Ge know Xinzhou. Chen Yuyi was in power before he went to the tripod. He changed the punishment in Hunan Province and changed it to be pro Laozi and yijiangdong. peace has been settled, and he was called to discuss: "there is a way to serve the country, war leads to victory, rules are solid, and peace leads to a long time. Otherwise, the three are in people, not in me. " Except for Chang Shaoqing. At that time, Qin Hui was the only one. He would regret Zhao Ding when he went to talk about things. Then he will come to the palace to serve the censor. Kui people said: "yuan town has been demoted, Kui solid do not say, although the door is also less than the guest." In addition to the four members of Neijiang, he wrote: "may your majesty take renzu as the law and Minister Du Yan as the law." Cypress is not happy at first. On the three evils of state use, military and government, and scholars and people, Gao Zong said, "state use should be the people of Tibet, and people's use should not be affected." In addition, the disadvantages of recommending officials should be dealt with by reducing the number of officials. Liang Rujia, the Minister of the Ministry of household, was given birth by Hui. Except for the two prefectures, when Rujia heard that Kui wanted to impeach him, he called Lin DaiPin, the official of Zhongshu, and said, "the deputy general is talking about you." Waiting to be employed, Cheng Hui is not in court, so I'm eager to tell him that Hui is playing as a living man. Kui Fang was waiting to be quoted. Hui Xiadian told the door of the pavilion, "Kui of Zhou Dynasty has been ordered to get rid of daily life

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Kui