Fahrenheit

Surname Hua

The Chinese surname is the 196th surname in China. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.047% of the Han population in China.

The surname Hua comes from the surnames of Zi, Si and Ji.

Historical development

Origin of surname

The ancestors of Si and Zi came from the same origin, namely the Gaoyang family of Zhuanxu emperor more than 4400 years ago. The Zi surname was established by Qi, Zhuan Xu's son, and the Si surname was established by the descendants of Xia Yu, Zhuan Xu's grandson.

According to textual research, the ancestor of the Huashi people can be traced back to the Xuanyuan family of the Yellow Emperor, because Zhuan Xu was the grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Fahrenheit, which originated from the Si surname, appeared as early as Zhongkang, the fourth emperor of the Xia Dynasty, more than 4100 years ago. This is recorded in historical records: "Xia Zhongkang was granted the title of view in Xiyue, which was called Fahrenheit.".

Xiyue refers to Huashan Mountain in Shaanxi Province, so the descendants of Zhongkang have taken "Hua" as their surname since then. However, some scholars clearly doubt whether Huashan had the title of "Xiyue" at that time. Therefore, they believe that the surname of Huashan came first and the name of Huashan came later.

Until the middle of the Warring States period, the place of Huashan was still called "Yinjin", which belonged to the state of Wei and was not called "Huashan". In the late Warring States period, in the 37th year of jibian, King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (Jichou, 332 BC), the state of Wei gave the land of yin and Jin to the state of Qin in exchange for peace. King Huiwen of Qin changed its name to Huayin, and the mountain in its territory was called Huashan. Therefore, it is not advisable to say that Xia Zhongkang was appointed to Xiyue and called Huashi.

However, during the reign of Xia Jie, there were four intimate courtiers: "Heji, Taihua, yique, Yangchang, who were not benevolent in politics."

Si Taihua is one of Xia Jie's favorite ministers. Among his descendants, there should be the earliest Huashi in China.

A branch of Huashi, which originated from Zi's surname, has more specific materials to study. It is recorded in the historical book "the words and deeds of Mingxian clan" that "the son of Dai of Song Dynasty said that the food was taken from China because of his surname Yan, Huadu, Huayuan, Huading, Huahai, and Song Qing." This Huashi family got its surname because of its location. Moreover, they were still a prominent family in the song state in the spring and Autumn period, and their descendants were all ministers of the song state in successive dynasties.

The son of Duke Dai of the Song Dynasty was studying his father's food in Huadi. In fact, in addition to Hua Du, Hua Yuan, Hua Ding and Hua Hai were among the grandsons of Dai Gong in the Song Dynasty, and they were also officials of the state of song. It can be seen that the Fahrenheit family got its surname because of its location. In the spring and Autumn period, the state of song was a prominent family, many of whom were ministers of the state of song.

However, there are also different opinions about who started to take Huawei's surname. Hua Du was the Song Dynasty official who killed Kong Fu Jia, the ancestor of Confucius, and forced the Kong people to move to the state of Lu. In the historical book "differentiation of ancient and modern surnames", it is believed that the son of Zhengkaofu, Huadu, was the first person to take the surname of Huawei: "it comes from the surname of Zi, Duke Dai of Song Dynasty, sun Du, Huafu of Song Dynasty, Duke Xiang of Song Dynasty

The state of song was granted by King Wu of Zhou to Weizi (brother Shu of King Zhou of Shang Dynasty) to worship Tang. Yin Tang is the surname of Zi, Zhengkaofu and Huadu are the descendants of Tang Dynasty, so Huashi naturally originated from Zi.

At that time, the state of song had a place to the east of Shangqiu County in Henan Province and to the west of Tongshan County in Jiangsu Province. Therefore, the earliest origin of the Huashi people was in the Song Dynasty, and then gradually spread to other places.

Most of the Huashi people regard Huadu as the ancestor of the de surname.

Zheng shizihua, the second son of Zheng Bo, made an alliance with the envoys of the king of Zhou, the Marquis of Qi, the Duke of song, the Marquis of Wei, Xu Nan, Cao Bo and Chen shizikuan in January of the lunar calendar in the eighth year of Duke Lu's reign.

Gongzihua, one of the sons of King Hui of Qin Dynasty, is named Hua. Young master Hua Shanwu was a general of the state of Qin at that time. In the 41st year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (Guisi, 328 BC), the vassal states united against the state of Qin. King Hui of Qin felt very upset about this, and Zhang Yi, the guest Qing, immediately suggested attacking the Wei state, which was the most fierce. Soon, gongzihua and Zhang Yi led the Qin army to besiege Puyang (now Chang'an District of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), the capital of Wei state, and occupied it at one stroke. Later, childe Hua led the Qin army to stay in Puyang, but Zhang Yi returned to the state of Qin. After returning, Zhang Yi said to King Hui of Qin, "please return Pu Yang to the state of Wei, and send your son Yao to the state of Wei as a hostage. I can persuade the state of Wei to break away from the trend of unification. "King Hui of Qin was very curious, but he agreed. After that, Zhang Yi Ran to the state of Wei and said to the king of Wei Hui, "you see, the state of Qin is still very kind to the state of Wei. No, the king of Qin ordered me to return Puyang to you and take his son hostage. Wei can't be rude to Qin. "King Hui of Wei was very happy. He gave all the fifteen counties of Shangjun to Zhang Yi and took them to the state of Qin to express his gratitude. In this way, the "five states united to fight against Qin" was disintegrated, and Zhang Yi returned to the state of Qin and was immediately worshipped as prime minister by King Hui of Qin. Among the descendants of Qin Gongzi Hua, there are those who take their forefathers' names as surnames, which are called Fahrenheit and Xianyang Fahrenheit.

(1) it comes from various Mongolian tribes in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and belongs to the Chinese surname. According to the historical records "general annals of the Qing Dynasty · clan strategy · Mongolian eight banners surname", it is recorded that from the end of the Qing Dynasty to the beginning of the Republic of China, the Han surname of the Mongolian vanut was Huashi.

(2) originated from the Hui nationality, it comes from the Arab nationality in the western regions during the Ming Dynasty, and belongs to the surname of the Chinese ancestors.

According to documents such as the origin of the Taibuhua people in Yuan Dynasty and the Huihui people in Zhenjiang, one of the Huihua people originated from the Taibuhua people in the western regions. In the early days of the Mongolian khanate, during Genghis Khan's western expedition, Persian mubarasha came to China with his father TA butai and settled in Taizhou. Later, he studied Chinese assiduously under the guidance of Zhou renrong, a adherent of the Southern Song Dynasty. In 1320 A.D., he ranked first in the local examination. The following year, in the imperial examination of the Southern Song Dynasty, he was granted Jinshi Ji, Jixian yuan Xiuzhuan and Jiangnan Xingtai censor. Later, he built Kui Zhangge in the period of emperor Wenzong of the Yuan Dynasty, promoted it as a Dianqian, worshipped Zhongtai to supervise the censor, "the Emperor gave the Mongolian name Taibuhua (dabuhua)". Among his descendants, there are those who have been converted into the Dahua, Fahrenheit and Tai families. The DAHS, FAHRENHEITS and tais of the Hui people in Liuhe and Zhenjiang of Jiangsu are all their descendants.

In addition, according to the historical records of Yunnan Zuo Wei Xuan Bo, in the early Ming Dynasty, there were Huihui in the western regions. He was attached to Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty, in 1390 A.D., and was granted the title of deputy head of Yunnan Zuo Wei. The son of Yi Su was also called Yi Su. When his grandson Su Lai Man came, he took the Chinese character Su as his surname. After that, from the second Su Jun, the third sun Su Sheng, the fourth sun Su Lin, the Fifth Sun Su Tai to the sixth sun Su Hua, his lineage had been officials for eight generations. Among the descendants of Suhua, there is a surname named Fahrenheit.

(3) originated from the Manchu, it comes from the Nuzhen tribes in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and takes the tribe name as a surname.

According to the historical records "general annals of the Qing Dynasty · clan strategy · surnames of Eight Banners in Manchuria":

Alai family of Manchu, Alai Hala in Manchu, means "Huapi" in Han Dynasty. Guo Luocheng (the ancient capital of the Jin State of Acheng in Heilongjiang Province) was the first person to live in the world. Later, it was named Huashi and a family in Han Dynasty.

The husihari family of the Manchu nationality, also known as hushhali and hukeshahari, takes Di as the surname and husihari Hala as the Manchu language. They live in husihari (now the Russian area on the other side of Heihe River in Heilongjiang), Yilan (now Yilan in Heilongjiang), feltaha (now 250 km southwest of Jilin) and three surnames (now Yilan in Heilongjiang). Later, Hezhe and Xibo were cited as surnames. The huxihali surnames of Manchu, Hezhe and Xibo nationalities have been named Huashi, Yan, Guan, Hu and Hu since the middle of Qing Dynasty.

The ancestor of the surname de

Si Taihua, Hua Du, Ji Hua, Ying Hua.

Migration distribution

Huashi is a multi-ethnic and multi-source surname, ranking 196th in the list of surnames, with a population of about 824000, accounting for about 0.051% of the total population of the country.

Since Huadu of the Song Dynasty in the spring and Autumn period, the Fahrenheit family has been famous all over the world. In the spring and Autumn period, there were nearly 20 Huari people who were recorded in the annals of history. In the historical book Zuo Zhuan · Zheng Yi, it is recorded that "Shi Benyun, the governor of Shizi's family, the family of Ji Lao, the elder of situ Zheng, and Zheng Sheng of situ Xi". Hua Yuan was the great grandson of Hua Du. Hua Yu Shi, the father of Hua Yuan, was the chief executive of Song Dynasty. From many aspects, we can say that this is the peak of Hua's development.

In 522 B.C., the Fahrenheit family had internal strife due to the improper disposal of the monarch in the current Dynasty, and the Fahrenheit family declined from prosperity. After the failure of Hua Hai, the traitor, he fled to the state of Chu. Hua Feisui's son Hua Deng died in the state of Wu because of his connection with Hua Hai. In addition, there were Huazhou in Qi and Huazhong in Wei. These historical facts show that in the spring and Autumn period, Fahrenheit had moved to Chu (now Jiangling in Hubei), Wu (now Suzhou in Jiangsu), Wei (now Qixian in Henan) and Qi (now Zibo in Shandong).

In 286 BC, the state of song was divided up by Qi, Chu and Wei, and the Huashi people gradually moved to Shandong in the north and Anhui and Jiangsu in the south.

In the early Han Dynasty, Huaji and Huawu followed Liu Bang to fight for meritorious service. They were granted the title of marquis and their descendants were awarded the title of marquis. In the Han Dynasty, the Fahrenheit people can be said to spread all over Shandong, and formed a prominent family in the Shandong plain. In today's peiguo, Shandong, Jiangsu and Anhui, they also formed a large Fahrenheit family.

During the Xinmang rebellion, Huashi in the North stayed away from Xupu, Hunan Province, and merged with his ancestors here. Later, it flourished as Wuling Prefecture of Huashi.

During the Three Kingdoms period and the two Jin Dynasties, the development of the Fahrenheit family reached its peak. Among them, the Huaxin family in Pingyuan county was the outstanding representative. Ding was prosperous and many famous families emerged from generation to generation. During the Yongjia rebellion, the Fahrenheit people fled to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Anhui and other provinces.

From the southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Fahrenheit people flourished in Jiangsu and Shanghai, and there was a branch of the Fahrenheit tribe

Chinese PinYin : Hua Shi