Wang Yan
Wang Yan
Wang Yan (890-966) was born in Tengxian, Xuzhou (now Tengzhou, Shandong). Generals from the Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty.
Wang Yan was born in a peasant family and was a thief from a young age. In the later Tang Dynasty, Zhuang Zong was recruited to the Imperial Army and was promoted to Fengguo primary school in Shaanxi Province. After the fall of the later Jin Dynasty, he overthrew the rule of Liao state in Shanzhou with the imperial generals Zhao Hui and Hou Zhang, and surrendered to the later Han Emperor Liu Zhiyuan. He was granted Jianxiong Jiedu envoy and Tongping Zhangshi. After the establishment of the Later Zhou Dynasty, the northern Han army invaded Jinzhou. After that, he left his hometown in Wuning army and successively served as the garrison of Xijing, the Jiedushi of Fengxiang, and the deployment of yijinguan all the way carriage. Then, Chai Rong of Zhou Shizong made a northern expedition to Liao. After the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty, he was granted the title of governor of Anyuan and granted the title of Duke of Korea. In the first year of Qiande (963), he became an official as Prince and teacher.
In the fourth year of Qiande (966), Wang Yan died in the year of 77. He was given a Chinese calligraphy order.
Life of the characters
Thieves start
Wang Yan was born in the first year of Dashun (890) of Tang Zhaozong in Tengxian County, Xuzhou. He was strong and brave. When he was young, he often led his fellow countrymen to rob rich people's families, and he was very famous in a hundred miles. At the end of the Liang Dynasty, Xuzhou was in chaos. There were many robbers and small groups of peasant uprisings. Many towns were looted, but Wang Yan's hometown was exempted because of his prestige. During Tongguang (923-926), Wang Yan was recruited into the imperial army. During this period, he was promoted to be the head of Fengguo (< I > a kind of forbidden army < / I >) school and capital.
The meaning of Shaanxi Province
At the end of Shi Chonggui's reign, Wang Yan and Fengguo military capital school (< I > biography of Zhao Hui in the history of the Old Five Dynasties) Zhao Hui and Fengguo military capital Hou Zhang were stationed in Shanzhou. At the end of the 11th year of Tianfu (946), Liao Kingdom invaded Kaifeng (< I > now Kaifeng, Henan Province) and destroyed the later Jin Dynasty. At the same time, the Liao army sent General Liu Yuan to be the Deputy envoy of Baoyi, occupying Shanzhou, burning, killing, looting, and abusing, which made the people unbearable. Wang Yan discussed with Zhao Hui, Hou Zhang, etc. and said: "today, the Chinese people are in chaos and the world is in turmoil. This is the time for us to make great achievements. It is said that Duke Liu of Taiyuan (< I > < I > < I > < I > emperor Gaozu of the later Han Dynasty < / I > < I > Liu Zhiyuan < / I > < I >, then < / I > < I > Hedong Festival envoy < / I >) has prestige and is very popular among the people. If we kill Liu Yuan, take the city of Shaanxi to take refuge with Liu Gong, and make a good start for the people of the world to fight against Khitan, then it will be easy to win fame and wealth. " Zhao Hui and others think it is reasonable. In February of the 12th year of Tianfu (947), Wang Yan led several brave soldiers into Yacheng late at night, went straight to the yamen, killed Liu Yuan and the supervisor sent by Liao state, and hung Liu Yuan's head on the Yamen. After the incident, Zhao Hui was publicly recommended to stay in the city. Tuhou Zhang was the deputy commander of the city, the internal and external inspection envoy, and the capital Marquis Yu. Wang Hanlun, the son of Wang Yan, was sent to Taiyuan to submit to Liu Zhiyuan. After learning that Liu Yuan was dead, Liao state once granted Zhao Hui the post of soldier and horse in Shanzhou. Hou Zhang was the commander of Mabu army in Shanzhou and Wang Yan was the deputy commander of Mabu army in Shanzhou. However, Wang Yan and others refused to accept the order. at that time, Liu Zhiyuan had established the regime of the later Han Dynasty, but his prestige did not rise. He was very happy to see that Wang Yan and others were the first to take part in the battle. He immediately appointed Zhao Hui as the governor of Baoyi army, Hou Zhang as the governor of Zhenguo army, Wang Yan as the defense envoy of Jiangzhou and the deputy commander of Mabu of Baoyi army. Later, Liu Zhiyuan learned that it was Wang Yan's idea to kill Liu Yuan, so he was promoted to Jianxiong army Jiedushi and Jianjiao Taifu. A few months later, the chief of Jiajian school. In April of the first year of Qianyou's reign (948), Liu Chengyou, the later emperor of the Han Dynasty, added the title of Zhang Shi of Wang Yan Tongping to make him an envoy. In September of the next year, he was awarded the title of imperial teacher.
Wisdom breaks through the northern Han Dynasty
In the first year of Guangshun (951), Guo Wei, the Taizu of the Later Zhou Dynasty, was called emperor, and Yan, the king of Jia Dynasty, was the servant. On February 5, more than 10000 people of the northern Han army besieged Jinzhou in five ways. Wang Yan was unable to leave the city, but he set up an ambush in the city. Liu Chengjun, the chief General of the northern Han Dynasty, thought that the people in the city were afraid of battle, so he relaxed his guard and scrambled to climb the city wall. When Wang Yan saw that the time had come, he ordered ambush troops to attack. The northern Han Army either died in battle or fell to death, with heavy casualties, and hastened to retreat. Later, he ordered his son Wang Hanlun to lead his troops to pursue the defeated army of the northern Han Dynasty for tens of miles and kill more than 100 enemies. Liu Chengjun sent an Yuanbao to burn the west city of Jinzhou. Instead of carrying out the order, an Yuanbao surrendered to Wang Yan. Liu Chengjun had to turn to Xizhou, but he was forced to withdraw because of tenacious resistance.
Rongzhen Xuzhou
In August of the first year of Guangshun (951), Wang Yan came to the court for an audience, and Guo Wei granted him the title of military envoy of Wuning army, guarding his hometown of Xuzhou, so as to "honor his hometown". When he took office, Wang Yan called in the villagers who played together as thieves when he was young, presented gold and silver, and hosted a banquet. At the banquet, Wang Yan said harshly, "we have always been famous for many robbers here. You and I have done this kind of thing in the past. I don't think the robbers will be better than you. I want to ask you to tell the later bandits for me that they will not be allowed to act recklessly in the future. If they do not change, I will certainly destroy his whole family. " Since then, the bandits in Xuzhou have disappeared, and the territory is very peaceful. The villagers were grateful to Wang Yan, and they jointly wrote a letter asking him to stay in office, and asked to set up a brocade stele for him. in the second year of Guangshun (952), Guo Wei led a personal expedition to Murong Yanchao, the governor of Taining army, and temporarily stayed in zhangkang town on the way. After hearing the news, Wang Yan came to the audience and presented seven good horses. Guo Wei gave him clothes and gold belts. In the first month of the first year of Xiande (954), Guo Wei personally worshipped Yuanqiu. After the ceremony, he granted King Yan the title of Duke of Teng, and added Kaifu instrument to the third rank. In the same month, Chai Rong ascended the throne. In July, Wang Yanjia held the post of Zhongshu Ling. In September, the villagers once again asked Wang Yan to set up a monument of virtue and rule, and Chai Rong granted permission. At the same time, they ordered that their village be changed to "xundeli, the prime minister's village". In October, Wang Yan was transferred to Henan Yin and Xijing left behind. In June of the third year of Xiande's reign (956), he was appointed as the Jiedushi of Fengxiang army.
Northern expedition into Song Dynasty
In April of the sixth year of Xiande's reign (959), Wang Yan followed Chai Rong in his northern expedition to Liao state, where he served as the coach capital of yijinguan. By may, the army of the Later Zhou Dynasty had recovered Ying, Mo and other prefectures, restored the old place of Guannan (< I > from the south of Daqinghe River basin to Hejian area to the east of Baiyangdian, Hebei Province), and separated Liaoguo with the new three passes (< I > yukou pass, < / I > < I > Yijin pass, < / I > < I >, < / I > < I > waqiao pass). In the first year of Jianlong (960), Zhao Kuangyin was checked in front of the hall to establish the Northern Song Dynasty, and Yan was granted the title of Duke of Zhao. In the same year, Wang Yan followed Zhao Kuangyin to fight against the rebellious Zhaoyi Jiedu envoy Li Yun. After returning to the imperial court, he was changed to the governor of Anyuan army.
Guiluo died
In the first year of Qiande (963), he became the Duke of Korea. In the same year, Wang Yan left his old age and was allowed to serve as Prince and teacher. Every time he arrived at the court meeting, he was still in the lower class of Zhongshu. Soon after, he returned to his villa in Luoyang. In the winter of the fourth year of Qiande (966), Wang Yan died in Luoyang at the age of 77. Zhao Kuangyin gave the order of Zhongshu to him for three days.
Main achievements
Wang Yan was recruited to the Imperial Army in the later Tang Dynasty, and was stationed in Shanzhou in the later Jin Dynasty. After the fall of the later Jin Dynasty, he overthrew the rule of Liao state in Shanzhou with the imperial generals Zhao Hui and Hou Zhang, and surrendered to Liu Zhiyuan, the emperor of the later Han Dynasty. After the establishment of the Later Zhou Dynasty, the northern Han army invaded Jinzhou. When he left his hometown of Wuning, he warned the thieves to make the government stable and the people happy. In the sixth year of Xiande (959), then Chai Rong, the emperor of Zhou Shizong, made a northern expedition to the Liao state and made his way back to the south of Guannan (< I > from the south of Daqing River basin to Hejian area to the east of Baiyangdian, Hebei Province). In the first year of Jianlong in the Northern Song Dynasty (963), the army brought down the rebellion of Zhaoyi and Liyun.
Character evaluation
Wang said: since the Tang Dynasty, as for the Five Dynasties, the disaster of vassal towns has been fierce. Song Xing, (Han) Ling Kun, (Guo) Congyi, (Fu) Yanqing held a heavy army in Hebei Province, (SHI) Shouxin, (Wang) Shenqi, (Wang) Yanchao and so on. They were ruled by old generals, and those who counted their children knew where the calendar was and where the destiny was. Therefore, as soon as the order is issued, it is necessary to obey the orders, or take part in the festival to prepare for the night guard, or ask the elderly to know enough. So that the disaster of the vassal town disappeared, and not for the protection of fame, long keep rich. Although Taizu was good at defending heroes, and he had several sons, he could choose the degree of his misfortunes and blessings, and he was wise to judge and deal with them. (< I > "Dongdu shilue" < / I >) Tuotuo: when Wang Jing was a young man, he might have been a thief or had a negative salary. He was in the chaos of the Five Dynasties and fought hard to win military service. Song Xing, Jizhuo north ring, Taizu to be honest, all should be safe Wang Yan and Guo Congyi were so angry that they framed people for death This is the habit of troubled times, there are those who can not go. (< I > < I > < I > History of the Song Dynasty
Anecdotes and allusions
Murder with resentment
When Wang Yan was a military academy in his early years, he made friends with Wang Xing, a native of Pinglu. Their wives were also matched by their sister-in-law. When Wang Yan was a high official, he treated Wang Xing lightly, and Wang Xing was resentful. Once, Wang Yan's wife fell ill. Wang Xing said to people, "I can cure her." When Wang Yan heard about it, he immediately went to visit Wang Xing and asked him for advice. Wang Xing replied: "I can't cure this disease. I just think that when you were in Shanfu, you had only one wife, but now you have many prostitutes and concubines. Is it because you treated your wife badly that your wife became ill? If you can get rid of the ladies around you, your wife's illness will be cured immediately. " Wang Yan thought that Wang Xing was slandering himself, so he framed Wang Xing and his wife with other charges and killed them. At the beginning of the establishment of the Later Zhou Dynasty, Wang Yan was also good at killing the marching commander of Jianxiong army, Ma Xujian, in the name of secretly communicating with the northern Han Dynasty. Therefore, the editor of the history of the Song Dynasty criticized Wang Yan's behavior of "venting his anger and slandering others to death" as a "habit of troubled times".
Embarrassed and ridiculed
During the first battle of Huainan, Bai chongzan, the festival envoy of Heyang
Chinese PinYin : Wang Yan
Wang Yan
