Alexander(ya li shan da )

Alexander's approach:

Raw materials for Alexandria:

Brandy: 1 / 2 ounces, cocoa liqueur: 1 / 4 ounces, cream: 1 / 4 ounces. Cocktail glass, mixing pot.

Production steps:

Shake the ice and ingredients in a blender.

Alexander characteristics:

In the mid-19th century, in order to commemorate the wedding of King Edward VII and queen Alexander, this cocktail was made as a gift to the queen. Because coffee liqueur and fresh cream are added into the wine, it tastes good and is suitable for women.

Alexander the Great

synonym

Alexander (King of ancient Macedon) generally refers to Alexander the great (King of Macedon, head of the four great western military commanders)

Alexander the great (July 20, 356-june 10, 323 BC), namely Alexander III, king of the kingdom of Macedon (Alexander Empire), was born in Pera, the capital of the ancient Macedonian kingdom. He is a famous strategist and statesman in the ancient history of the world. He is the head of the four greatest military commanders in European history (Alexander the great, Hannibal bacca, Caesar the great, Napoleon). He studied with Aristotle, a famous scholar in ancient Greece. With his great talent, he successively unified the whole territory of Greece, and then swept the Middle East. He occupied the whole territory of Egypt without a single soldier and wiped out the Persian Empire. His army moved to the Indus River Valley, and the four ancient civilizations occupied three of them

. It conquered about 5 million square kilometers.

The Alexander empire in 323 BC was the largest country in the world at that time, exceeding the total territory of the seven kingdoms of the eastern Warring States. Alexander the great made unprecedented achievements in just 13 years. He promoted the prosperity and development of ancient Greek culture and the exchange and economy between eastern and Western cultures, integrated Eastern and Western cultures, encouraged intermarriage among nations, and advocated equality of status among nations, which had a significant impact on the progress of human society and culture

. His expedition made the ancient Greek civilization widely spread.

Life of the characters

Genius is born

Alexander was born in Pera, the capital of Macedonia, on July 20, 356 BC. Alexander's growing up in Macedon is influenced by Homer's Iliad, Achilles and Hagrid. When Alexander was young, Philip II hired Aristotle, a Greek philosopher, to be his tutor in mieza with other Macedonian nobles. In 344 BC, at the age of 12, Alexander saw a horse that others thought could not be tamed. He just said a few soft words to the horse and succeeded in taming it.

In 340 B.C., when Philip II went to battle in the Byzantine city-state, Alexander, 16, ruled Macedonian on behalf of his father, and led the army to suppress the uprising of μ α ί δ ι in northern Macedonian, establishing the city a λ ε ξ α ν δ ρό πι λι (Alexandria drupolis). The real challenge occurred in 338 B.C. in this year, because of Philip's defeat in Byzantium, the Greek city states had a great rebellion against Macedonian. Therefore, Athens and Thebes formed an alliance, ready to fight against Philip at any time. Philip could not ignore this action, so the two sides launched a battle to determine the fate of Greece - the battle of Catalonia. Alexander played an extremely important role in this battle. As the left wing commander-in-chief of the coalition forces, he saw the right time to break into the gap of the coalition forces decisively, completely annihilated the best-known team of Greece, the holy team of Thebes, and directly attacked the enemy from behind, resulting in the Macedonian people's crucial victory. Alexander was only 18 years old this year, but his talent showed no doubt.

In 337 BC, Philip II divorced Olympias and later married Cleopatra, the niece of Macedonian aristocrat atarus. When atarus commented at the wedding reception of Philip II and Cleopatra that the Macedonian royal family would have a legal heir (presumably implying that the child of Cleopatra, the second wife, would replace Alexander as the heir of the Kingdom), Alexander replied, "well, what do you think of me, you despicable man, as a bastard?" Then he threw the glass at him. When Philip holds his bodyguard atarus to stand on the chair and draws his sword at Alexander, he falls on the chair because he is drunk and unstable. Alexander mocked him and said, "look! A king who is going to sweep Asia Minor from Europe can't even jump over a chair. "

After being expelled by Philip, Alexander and Olympias return to Epirus, Olympia's mother's home, and then go on to Illyria by themselves. In Macedon, his original stable inheritance right is questioned. After a short time, Philip sent messengers to recall Alexander and reconcile with him. In 336 B.C., Philip II's daughter Cleopatra and Alexander I of Epirus were assassinated by royal bodyguard sanias in the wedding ceremony held in Eger. There is no final answer to the plan, and Olympias is suspected because of his public joy and his connection with the murderer Epirus. Alexander's representative accused Darius III of instigating the incident, and later used it as a reason for attacking Persia. In addition, it was also said that whenever Alexander learned that his father had conquered a piece of land, he would cry and say, "didn't my father leave any land for me to conquer?"

Alexander, 20, was elected the new king by antipate, an important minister and diplomat in Macedonian army. Taking advantage of his position in Pera, he won the support of the Macedonian people and army through Philip II's funeral and tax reduction policies. He executed the two sons of elops on the charge of participating in Philip II's assassination. At that time, he was sent to attaras in Asia Minor by Philip. Armintas, who had the right of succession, was executed for plotting to overthrow Alexander. Olympias killed Cleopatra and her son, who also had the right of succession. Alexander became the only sound male heir in Macedonian royal family.

Athens, forced to ally with Philip, and Thebes, who hated Philip II, saw Philip II's assassination as an opportunity to regain his independence and began to show signs of instability. In order to win the recognition of the Greek alliance, at the end of 336 B.C., Alexander led the army to enter into tesali, who was originally ruled by Philip II, by the strategy of superficially agreeing to negotiate peace, but secretly surrendering. He was recognized as the new hereditary ruler of tesali. Alexander then went south, making Thebes surrender and Athens surrender again.

When Alexander ascended the throne, the Macedonian Treasury was in short supply. In 335 B.C., Alexander, who was supported by the Greek city-state alliance except Sparta in Corinth, went to Thrace in northern Macedonian to consolidate the northern defense line for the eastern expedition to Asia Minor, and retaliated for the local tribali's attack on Philip II's troops and the theft of war goods in 338 B.C. After the Danube defeated tribali, he marched into and defeated Illyria, which threatened the northwest of Macedonian, and corrected the important failure of Philip II.

At the same time, Athens and the local power Thebes saw the rumor that Alexander had died on the Danube as a new opportunity. After the revolt of Thebes again, Alexander arrived at Thebes from Illyria without passing through Macedon in 14 days. He and his Greek allies completely destroyed Thebes, eliminated one of the three Greek forces that threatened Macedonian (Athens and Sparta for the rest), distributed its territory to the allies, and sold most of the people of Thebes as slaves. Akadiya, the leader of Thebes, who had supported (but not crossed the border), was executed. Athens, which had not supported Thebes militarily but had been blockaded by the port, gave up resistance. In less than two years, Alexander established his position in Greece, and gave all the people who opposed him a chance to defeat him. Since then, when he went to the East, there was only one large-scale riot in his rear.

Go to Persia

The hostility between Greece and Persia began in the 6th century BC, when the free Greek city-state in Asia Minor was occupied by the kingdom of Persia, which expanded westward. After the Ionian rebellion and the battle of the marathon. In 481 BC, King Xerxes I of Persia tried to occupy the whole of Greece during the second Persian war. Although Xerxes I never attacked Greece after he was beaten back to Persia, his burning of the Acropolis in 480 B.C. and other blasphemous acts made the Greek political circles still have the voice of revenge and counterattack against Persia, which was also used by Philip II and Alexander

.

With the slogan that his father was assassinated by Persians and "liberate the Greek city-state in Asia Minor", Alexander went to Asia Minor in 334 BC, while his mother Olympias stayed in Pera's power, and antipat also stayed in Macedon, maintaining his power in Europe with about 12000 infantry and 1500 cavalry. Alexander himself crossed the hilipa (present-day Dardanelle Strait) with about 30000-40000 infantry and 4000-5000 cavalry composed of Macedonian and other Greek city states. Although his expedition made up for the debt left to him by Philip II, an empty Treasury gave him only 30 days' supply

.

In Asia Minor, Alexander and a small number of troops first visited Troy. He and his family and friend hephaestien, who came from childhood, sacrificed to Archie respectively

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