Three back turns

Three back turns

It is located in Changshou old city, on the edge of the Yangtze River. There is a market complex of Ming and Qing Dynasties, which is commonly known as the "three inverted turns" by local people. On April 25, the fifth preliminary evaluation list of China's famous historical and cultural streets was announced, and 15 streets including Sandaoguai, Shaanxi North Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, Huangqiao old street, Taixing City, Jiangsu Province were selected. It is understood that the "three turns" is the only building group in our city to be shortlisted in the preliminary evaluation. Ciqikou is on the list of the second Chinese historical and cultural street, and it is also the only recognized Chinese historical and cultural street in Chongqing so far.

Old street description

What kind of old street is a three turn back?

"I sweat when I climb three turns, and my feet tremble when I go down three turns." This is a local saying. The total length of Sandaoguai (including Heping Street) is 2.5km, the height difference is 165m, and there are more than 5000 stone ladders. The whole street is made of bluestone, about Zhangxu in width, sometimes steep, sometimes gentle, winding and extending forward, showing the vicissitudes of hundreds of years.

According to the literature, Changshou belonged to Zhixian County, Bajun County in the old time. It was changed into Changshou County in the late Yuan Dynasty. The county is located in Hejie street, Fengcheng street, which is close to the Yangtze River. Heyuan street is the political, cultural and economic center of the county. Around the middle of the Ming Dynasty, back street and upper back street were built, which is the lower part of the three inverted turns.

Markets in the ancient Ming and Qing dynasties have a long charm

"The building of Sandaoguai started in the middle of Ming Dynasty, and it is also the most complete Street building of Ming and Qing Dynasties preserved in the reservoir area so far." Zhang Yinxuan, Secretary of the Party branch of Changshou District Cultural Center, said that the three inverted turns meander up from the River Street, just like a small city. It was built in the Ming Dynasty, rebuilt and expanded in the Qing Dynasty, and the first half of it was built in the period of the Republic of China. There are 64 existing ancient buildings with an area of more than 20000 square meters, which are basically the buildings from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China. The development process of Changshou national handicraft industry is left here, and the contribution of Changshou in the Anti Japanese war is recorded. "It is the epitome of longevity history, reflects the rise and fall of longevity for hundreds of years, and has high academic value."

All the buildings of Sandaoguai are mainly built in the form of bucket structure, supplemented by beam lifting structure. Most of them are in the form of Ming and Qing quadrangles, with small green tile roof. The roof is a combination of suspended hill type and Xieshan type, which is simple and elegant.

When you travel to Sandaoguai, you can see the local architecture from Ming and Qing Dynasties to the Republic of China. Walking down the ancient bluestone slab, the old street looks very quiet. The old man sitting at the door enjoying the cool, the girl sitting at the door embroidering cross stitch and waving the Pu fan, are busy with their work, and the children coming out of the alley from time to time are holding the bottle blowing bubbles, blowing a string of bubbles, dancing in the sun Tranquility and ease are the direct impression of the old street. Because of this, some old people have been guarding the old house of several generations and are unwilling to move away.

The three corner street is paved with bluestone, which is smooth and standard. The hollow decoration, carved beams and painted buildings of each building are very artistic. The geometric pattern, gluttonous pattern, animal pattern and flower pattern of the window pane are vivid and exaggerated, which are very interesting for people who like art to visit.

Zhang Wenlong, a contract writer of Chinese reportage, lives here. He said that in the past, every lane of the old street could be connected, and the yards were connected. Later, due to the partial reconstruction of the residents, some alleys became dead alleys, but the feeling of winding paths leading to seclusion can still be found today.

Peripheral Street shop

There are lots of shops and it's very busy

Now Sandaoguai is quiet and leisurely, but it used to be the most prosperous area in Changshou District.

Zhang Yinxuan said that in the 1950s, there were thousands of people living in Sandaoguai, which was the only way to connect the new city and the old city, and also the only way from the Bank of the Yangtze River to Dianjiang, Liangping, Linshui, Dazhu, Fuling and other places in the county. "Salt, sugar, fancy yarn and general merchandise transported from Chongqing or Yichang, Hankou, Nanjing and Shanghai by waterway to Changshou, or rice, grain and local products transported by Changshou ship to other places, all need to be transferred in and out by three turns."

At that time, there was an endless stream of pedestrians and merchants who went back and forth to Sandaoguai every day. In Sandaoguai, there are many shops, such as teahouses, wine shops, salt and sugar department stores, handicraft workshops, and so on. Teahouses, pubs, noodle shops, restaurants, everything.

It is precisely because of the well-developed national industry in Laojie, there are more than 100 local flour mills, salt, tea and other shops. During the Anti Japanese War, Sandaoguai provided Chongqing with a large number of food, vegetables, meat and other logistics support materials.

Zhang Yinxuan said that there was a military temple in the central part of Sandaoguai. During the Anti Japanese War, it used to be the 11th Army Hospital of the national government, which specially accepted soldiers who were injured at the front line. Many of the wounded who came down from the front line settled down in Sandaoguai after they were cured, and some of them are still alive today.

Street name debate

Is it a three turn or a three turn?

The previously unknown three turns suddenly became popular. With the rise of fame, some people wrote to the public mailbox of Changshou District government asking, "is it the" three turns "or the" three turns "?

Zhang Yinxuan said that in writing, there are two different ways of turning three backwards. When they applied for historical and cultural street, they repeatedly looked up the relevant historical records such as county annals, and thought that it should be three turns. Zhang said that the writing method of sandaogua now appears, which should be due to the homophony of "Dao" and "Dao".

About prose

Five hundred years of vicissitudes

The center of Nanshan circle

Sandaoguai has been lying on the edge of the Yangtze River in Eastern Chongqing, like a rare old man, living silently with her family, ups and downs between urban civilization and traditional culture. Between the sun and the moon, in the busy figure, in the endless flow of the long river, she is calm Like an ancient poem, it has a long aftertaste.

According to Changshou county annals, "Changshou District, located in the east of Chongqing, is a place of ancient civilization. Changshou is composed of two parts: the new city and the old city. The passageway connecting the new city and the old city is Sandaoguai and Heping Street, which are collectively referred to as Sandaoguai. Sandaoguai and Heping Street are 2.5 kilometers long, with more than 3000 stone ladders. They are built close to the mountain, which is spectacular. " Walking in the long and narrow ancient roadway, you can see how many cloth shoes the ancient people had worn down. You can also guess how many ancient people lingered here in tea shops and restaurants, and how many love hate world comedies were staged here! "During the period of the Republic of China, it was a handicraft street with a large population and a lot of pedestrians." Its prosperity can be inferred.

At that time, Hejie was the political, cultural and economic center of the county. Around the middle of Ming Dynasty, back street and upper back street were built, which is Heping Street. In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), the county office moved to Xinshu street in Fengshan. However, Hejie is still the center of economy and culture. In order to facilitate people's communication, three inverted turns were built to connect with shangxiahoujie. At that time, the population of Hejie was roughly the same as that of the city. The two places were connected by the three turns and the upper and lower back streets. Until the cable station was opened to traffic in 1964, the three turns finally completed its historical mission. Those bamboo fences and grey tiled houses, which bear the ancient architectural culture, and the slender, thin, winding and secluded three turns, have accumulated its unique cultural connotation over the years in people's forgetting. However, the city's northward development accelerates its marginalization, which makes it more old, simple and quiet in the sound of the river. With the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir area and the upgrading of the water level, many cultural relics along the coast are always buried in the bottom of the water. When people can only pay attention to the history and narrate the past life of their ancestors in the ancient books and memories, it is still alive.

On December 25, 2001, with the approval of the State Council, Changshou county was divided into districts. After that, the district government made a tourism development plan for the three inverted turns, partially renovated the roads and houses of the old street, and installed street lamps and garbage cans. It seems that it's time to take on a new look.

Nowadays, Sandaoguai is as busy as ever. Except for the lanterns without silk, bamboo and lace, Sandaoguai is always sleepless with the help of street lamps. In the middle of the night, the workers in twos and threes become the intimate friends of Sandaoguai. They talk about their work and life, and let Sandaoguai listen to some new things. If the squeaky sound comes from the quiet place, you will see the men and women who go to court in the middle of the night or go home from work in the middle of the night. They live in harmony with the three tipper, so they live in the same original way and keep on turning the new page. When birds wake up on the huge Wutong leaves and begin to sing for the day, the three pieces of gray tiles are already in the morning glow.

When many tourists come to longevity tourism, they will seize this rare opportunity to climb the 3000 level stone ladder, which is more effective than taking tons of weight-loss medicine. They can also enjoy the quadrangle stone mill of Jiangnan folk house and push the bean flower. They can look for the mulberry growing from the time flow mark or stone crevice on the stone fort ridge, and take a breath under the second level protection ancient tree to pick a small one The Yellow horned trees go back and plant in flowerpots. You can take three turns from the south gate and go down the river street. You will feel very relaxed. Although the street is winding and the stone road is uneven, you will feel the precipitous, strange and quiet of the three turns. The old people said, "I'm sweating when I climb three backward turns, and my feet tremble when I go down three backward turns." Then you can really experience the difficulty of the three turns when you go up the river street. A local writer wrote in his poem: "not only the concentrated people in the crevices of the wall, but also the roaring horses

Chinese PinYin : San Dao Guai