Louguantai National Forest Park

Louguantai National Forest Park

Louguantai National Forest Park is located in the north of Zhongnanshan, 15 kilometers southeast of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. Louguantai National Forest Park covers a total area of 27487 hectares, with an altitude of 501-2997 meters. Plants are distributed in vertical belts, and the climate changes in different seasons are distinct.

Louguantai National Forest Park got its name from the Western Zhou Dynasty. Li Er (Laozi), the founder of Taoism, wrote 5000 words of Tao Te Ching here. Park Planning for the east view, west view, Tianyu River, Shouyang four garden. Louguantai National Forest Park is one of the first 12 national forest parks approved in 1982.

In February 2020, in order to pay homage to the "most beautiful reverse Walker", Louguantai National Forest Park will be open to medical staff free of charge and other preferential policies from the date of reopening to December 31, 2020.

Human history

Historical evolution

In 1983, the Ministry of forestry approved the establishment of Louguantai National Forest Park in Shaanxi Province.

In July 1992, it was promoted to a national forest park.

Longruiquan was successfully drilled in December 1992, with good medical and health care functions.

In 1997, it was rated as one of the top ten landscapes in Xi'an.

By the end of 2012, there were more than 50 scenic spots in the park.

After 30 years of development, Louguantai Forest Park has formed a comprehensive national forest park with forest tourism, cultural exhibition, biological protection, popular science education, leisure and entertainment.

Related poems and Fu

Louguantai: a new tune of poetry

Li Lei (founder of new tune of poetry)

An ark in the bamboo sea,

Green cattle lie in pine clouds.

Linquan Fengman dance,

The song of mountain birds is good.

Freedom comes from all kinds,

The world and the sun are new.

I have forgotten what I said,

There is no need to ask.

environmental resource

geographical environment

Louguantai National Forest Park has complex geographical structure and peculiar topography. On both sides of the Strait, there are cliffs, grotesque rocks, deep gorges and beautiful valleys. In terms of fauna distribution geography, Qinling is the intersection area of Oriental and Palaearctic fauna. The two fauna species infiltrate each other. The fauna species are diverse and rich, and the primitive and relict characteristics are obvious. It is known as "green treasure house" and "biological gene bank".

Resources

Mountain resources

Louguantai National Forest Park is located in the East fold belt of the North Qinling Mountains, which forms many gorge scenery in the Zhongshan area. On both sides of the Strait, there are cliffs, grotesque rocks, deep gorges and beautiful valleys. There are 34 waterfalls, 51 Bitan waterfalls, 25 strange rocks and 8 caves along the stream. Sometimes the stream passes through the forest, around the foot, through the gap of the stone, spraying beads and splashing jade.

Water resources

Louguantai National Forest Park has clear water, weak alkalinity, and its chroma, smell, taste, turbidity, iron, fluoride, arsenic, chloride, mercury and other contents do not exceed the range permitted by the national regulations. It can be directly used for domestic water. The climate is cool and humid. The average temperature in July is 3-5 ℃ lower than that in Xi'an city. Except for a small number of villagers in shallow mountain area, Louguantai National Forest Park has a quiet and elegant forest ecological environment with few people and fresh air in deep mountain area.

plant resources

Louguantai National Forest Park has beautiful scenery and different seasons. Different climate and soil form the obvious forest vertical landscape belt spectrum. According to the altitude, from bottom to top, there are: Pine bamboo fruit landscape forest belt, Quercus variabilis landscape forest belt, pine oak landscape forest belt, red birch landscape forest belt, fir landscape forest belt and subalpine meadow shrub landscape belt. The forest is rich in seasonal changes, with different scenery in four seasons. In spring, there are colorful flowers; in midsummer, there are green plants; in autumn, there are colorful flowers; in winter, there are pine, bamboo and snow.

Main attractions

Guanyin Mountain

Guanyin Mountain, in 137 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty visited the mountain twice and named it "dengtian peak". It is said that Guanyin Bodhisattva appeared and changed its name to Guanyin Mountain. There are many temples on Guanyin Mountain, most of which were built in Sui and Tang Dynasties and flourished in Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are Guanyin main hall, Queen's palace, Niangniang hall, Lingguan hall, mountain temple, Wanxian hall and other temples. Most of them are built on the top of the mountain. They follow the trend of the mountain and are magnificent.

Shouyang mountain

Shouyang mountain is not only a famous historical mountain, but also one of the main Taoist temples. The story of Boyi and Shuqi starving to death on the mountain was written by the historian Sima Qian at the top of the biographies of the characters in historical records, which made it famous in history. There are Taibai temple, Wanxian temple, Tieban temple and other cultural relics.

Laozi tomb

Laozi's tomb is about 3 kilometers west of Louguantai, Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi Province, and 300 meters west of Louguantai. Lao Tzu is Li Er, whose name is "Yi". His birth and death are unknown. He was born in qurenli, Li Township, kuxian County, Chu state in the late spring and Autumn period (about 500 years ago). He once served as a junior historian of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. He is the founder of Taoist school and the author of Tao Te Ching. According to Li Daoyuan's annotation to the water classic in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the water flows out of the Nanshan Mountain and into the valley, and the North flows to the west of the Daling mausoleum, which is called Laozi's tomb. Laozi's tomb is located on the West Bank of jiuyu river at jiuyukou. The mausoleum is close to the mountain. The elevation of the mausoleum is 730 meters. On the top of the mausoleum is a natural stone cave named Wulao cave. It is 2.18 meters high and 1.40 meters wide. It is unfathomable. According to the Ming Dynasty "rebuilding the temple of my old cave" stele, there is a stone letter in the cave, buried Laozi's skull. At the top of the mausoleum is the Taoist temple of wulaodong. There are two tombstones of rebuilding the temple of wulaodong in Ming Dynasty and Laozi by Bi Yuanli, governor of Shaanxi Province in 1776. Bi Yuan, a famous scholar in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty and governor of Shaanxi Province, wrote the three character stone tablet of "Zhou Laozi tomb".

In 1956, Laozi tomb was announced as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in Shaanxi Province.

Baihua Garden

Baihua garden covers an area of 2 hectares, and there are more than 10 specialized gardens such as magnolia, peony, rose, plum, crape myrtle, chrysanthemum, clove and forsythia. In the south of the garden, there is a hot spring hotel for accommodation, catering, bathing and swimming.

Baizhuyuan

Baizhuyuan, the project of bamboo transfer from south to north, has successfully introduced 150 species of bamboo, which have been sold in Beijing, Gansu, Lanzhou, Ningxia and other northern alpine areas, with strong adaptability, high survival rate and good greening effect.

Qinling four treasures base

Louguantai Qinling four treasures base giant panda, alias: big cat bear, bamboo bear, flower bear, is a national first-class protected animal, is also one of the most precious animals in the world, known as "living fossil", but also China's "national treasure". Giant panda is one of the most popular wild animals with gentle temperament, charming appearance and cute action. Its body length is 120-180 cm, tail length is 10-20 cm and weight is 60-110 kg. The head is round and big. Besides five clawed toes, the forefoot has a sixth toe. The trunk and tail are white, the ears, eyes and shoulder blades are all black, and the abdomen is light brown or gray black. It inhabits in the deciduous broad-leaved forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and subalpine coniferous forest with an altitude of 2000-3000 meters. There are 25 giant pandas in Sibao base of Qinling Mountains, which is the third largest captive population in the world.

Louguantai Qinling four treasures base, also known as antelope, ox and antelope, is one of the world's recognized precious animals, with a strong body, about 200 cm in length, about 150 cm in shoulder height and about 250 kg in weight. The newborn calf is brown. It lives in the mountain forest with an altitude of 1500-4000 meters. There are three to five of them living in groups, and ten or hundreds of them living in groups. There are "sentinel cattle" in the group, whose duty is to stand on high alert. The golden takin feeds on branches, leaves, bamboo leaves and grass. The breeding period is from April to August, and the pregnancy period is about 8 months, with 1 baby per litter There are 33 Takins in the four treasure base of Qinling Mountains.

Crested Ibis, also known as ibis, is one of the first class protected animals in the country, and it is also the host population in the world. Crested Ibis, known as "Oriental gem", is listed as "international protected bird" by the world bird Association. Weight 1500-2000 g, mouth long and curved, mouth tip and legs, toes for scarlet. They usually congregate and move around rivers, ponds and farmlands. They feed on aquatic animals such as insects, loach, frogs, crabs, small fish and shrimps. The feathers of adult birds are lead gray in breeding season and pink white in autumn and winter. The breeding period is from March to June. They nest on the branch of tall tree and lay 2-4 eggs. The male and female birds hatch and brood alternately. The incubation period is 27 days and the brooding period is about 40 days There are 245 Crested Ibis in Sibao base of Qinling Mountains, which is the largest artificial breeding population in the world.

Louguantai Qinling four treasures base - alias: snub nosed monkey, Sichuan snub nosed monkey, is a national first-class protected animals, the colorful golden monkey is unique to China. Body length 53-77 cm, tail and body length. The golden and grayish fur is thick and long; the nostrils on the blue face are upward, and the lips are broad, so it is also called "nose raising monkey". The hair on the head of golden monkey is dark grayish brown, the neck, cheek and abdomen are red yellow to yellowish brown, and the tail is grayish white. The male monkey has a strong body with bright hair color, while the female monkey is smaller with light hair color. Rhinopithecus roxellana lives in the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest belt with an altitude of 2000-3000 meters. It has the habit of vertical migration. It moves in the mountain forest at high altitude in summer and goes down to lower areas in winter. Like gregarious, there are more than 10 groups, there are hundreds of groups, wandering in groups, with a certain range of activities and relatively fixed routes

Chinese PinYin : Lou Guan Tai Guo Jia Sen Lin Gong Yuan