Qianwei Confucian Temple

--Qianwei Confucian temple was built in the Northern Song Dynasty and has a history of more than 600 years. After three times of relocation, three times of reconstruction and 12 times of large-scale renovation, the Confucian temple ranks the fourth in China and the first in Sichuan Province.

--The structure of Qianwei Confucian temple is complete, especially the stone carving and carving skills are very exquisite. The palace style ancient buildings of the Han nationality in Ming and Qing Dynasties are unique. They are the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancient Han working people and the concentrated embodiment of the national art.

Confucious'Temple

synonym

Qianwei Confucian temple generally refers to Confucian Temple (Confucian temple in Qianwei County, Sichuan Province)

Confucian temple is a national key cultural relic protection unit and a national AAA tourist attraction.

Confucian temple, built in the Northern Song Dynasty, was rebuilt in the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, with a history of more than 1000 years. Located at No. 297, South Street, Yujin Town, covering an area of 24000 square meters, it is grand and magnificent. Among the existing Confucian temples in China, the scale ranks the fourth in China and the first in Sichuan.

Historical origin

Confucian temple, located in Qianwei County, Leshan City, Sichuan Province, is the largest Confucian temple in Sichuan Province.

The Confucian temple was first built during the reign of emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty (1008-1016 A.D.). After more than 1000 years of wind and rain in the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and the Republic of China, it was rebuilt three times, relocated three times and repaired 12 times. Now it covers an area of 36 mu, which is grand and magnificent. Among the existing Confucian temples in China, the scale ranks the fourth in China and the first in Sichuan.

architectural composition

From the south end, Wanren palace wall, lingxingmen, panchi, dachengmen, liaotai, dachengdian and qishenggong are arranged on the central axis. Xianguan, Shengyu, limen, Yilu, Dongwu and Xiwu are arranged symmetrically. Close to the southeast side of the Confucian temple, there are jiexiaofang and Kuige built in the Qing Dynasty, such as the stars and the moon, forming an ancient architectural complex with traditional local cultural characteristics.

Stone carvings on column base

The Confucian temple is famous for its magnificent scenery, such as four fields and eight wastelands, green glaze, resplendent gold and jade, imperial road relief, burning bat, and stone carvings on the base of pillars. Dragon and Phoenix wood carvings, bow and bucket arches, with exquisite images and magnificent structure, are known as "Qianwei Palace Museum". Among the more than 1500 Confucian temples in China, the flying angle triple eaves on the roof of Dacheng gate of Qianwei Confucian temple under the plaque of "Tiankai Wenyun" is unique in China. It is a unique flower in the history of ancient architecture in China and is loved by Chinese and foreign architectural experts. The statues of Confucius and his disciples are vivid, and the wood and stone carvings are unique.

The scale

Qianwei Confucian temple has a complete structure and a grand scale. In particular, the stone carving and carving techniques are very exquisite and characteristic, which has high historical value, artistic value and scientific value.

Cultural relics protection

Confucian temple, listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units in 2006, became a national AA tourist attraction in 2005, and is now a national AAA scenic spot.

Sanjin courtyard

Qianwei Confucian temple is a rectangular courtyard with three entrances. It faces south from north and is symmetrically arranged. The north and South constitute a 200 meter long central axis. The first is from Wanren palace wall to dachengmen, the second is from dachengmen to dachengdian, and the third is from dachengdian to Qisheng palace. The East and the West are symmetrical with distinct layers.

The Wanren palace wall at the southernmost end of the first courtyard is like a screen of the Confucian temple, covered with green tiles. It looks solemn and dignified. "Wanren palace wall" four regular script traditional characters, about 1.7 meters high, powerful. Carved in the red wall about 3 meters high and 15 meters long, it is very eye-catching. There are spaces on both sides of the palace wall, and the arc walls are 15 meters each, which are connected with the East Gate "xianguan" and the west gate "Shengyu". Now the east gate has been closed. Only the west gate. Between the East and the west, there is a memorial archway style Lingxing gate (Figure 1), with four pillars and three gates, about 10 meters high, surrounded by dragons and lions. It's magnificent. The stone square is engraved with the inscription "Daoguan, ancient and modern, virtue, heaven and earth, golden voice and jade vibration". Jianghan Qiuyang "praises Confucius' moral perfection.

Stone fence enclosure

To the north of lingxingmen is a half moon shaped panchi surrounded by stone railings. All year round, the water depth is half the pool, and there is no fluctuation. Kui Pavilion outside the gate is reflected in the pool, which is known as "Yubi Dianzhou pool" and becomes a scene of Confucian temple. Panchi is the symbol of ancient official school. In the era of imperial examination, scholars first entered the school, which is called entering panchi.

To the north of panchi is dachengmen, which is built on a platform more than two meters high. It got its name from the sentence "Confucius means jidacheng". Its three terraces and nine levels, facing each other with tapai, blue tiles, red columns and white stone railings, are colorful; the top of the pagoda is towering, with Aojiao cornice, crouching ridge, Panlong and chain lock beast, showing more rich modeling and magnificent momentum. The most peculiar thing is that there are three eaves of yellow tiles in the middle of the blue tiles. The eaves are big at the top and small at the bottom. They are symmetrical to the left and right. They are not seen in other temples. They can be called a great spectacle of Qianwei Confucian temple. Both sides of dachengmen's ear rooms are the armory and the ritual music storehouse, which are used for holding a grand ceremony of offering sacrifices to Confucius. When you enter dachengmen, you enter the second courtyard of Qianwei Confucian temple. It is a closed central courtyard composed of dachengmen, dachengdian, Dongwei and Xiwei. There are 16 red columns and square stone seats in the corridor outside Dongwu and Xiwu. With the red wood wall carved window, set off each other, integrated. There are 72 colorful standing statues of Confucius in the hall.

In the center of the square between the East and West veranda, there is a platform covering an area of more than 200 square meters, which is called Baitai, also known as liaotai. Its three sides are surrounded by a stone fence about one meter high, on which four bats are carved, flying with a circular pattern, combining movement and stillness. The shape is vivid. There are 20 square stone pillars on three sides. There are 20 stone lions squatting in different shapes. At the two corners of the front stone fence, there is a dragon head with a huge mouth. They all look majestic. It highlights the solemnity and sacredness of Taiwan worship. Cross the nine steps and stone fence to protect the worship platform. On the golden tile red wall, the majestic main hall of offering sacrifices to Confucius Dacheng hall. In the middle is a colorful statue of Confucius, sitting upright. Wear a Mian Diao that can only be enjoyed by the emperor. Wearing yellow robes and purple clothes, holding Wat in both hands. His eyes were bright, his black beard was thick, and his manner was solemn.

On both sides of Confucius are standing statues of his four most outstanding disciples. They are: Yan Hui, a poor and virtuous man with the best self-cultivation; Zeng Shen, a famous Confucian scholar, is a filial servant; Kong Ji, a direct descendant of Confucius, is the author of the doctrine of the mean; Mencius, who preaches "benevolent government" and is known as "Yasheng". The four of them were sacrificing Confucius in the Confucian temple. It is called "four match". This is the first level of sacrifice to Confucius.

Related allusions

On both sides of the Dacheng hall are the second level of Confucius, twelve philosophers. They are: Min Shu, ran Yong, duanmuzi, Zhongyou, bu Shang, you Yan, ran Geng, Zai Yu, ran Qiu, Yan Yan, Zhuan sun Shi and Zhu Xi.

From Dacheng hall to Qisheng palace is the third courtyard. The master of Qisheng palace offered sacrifices to Confucius' father, Shu Lianghe, as well as 10 sages and Confucians. Related to the Confucian temple are Kuiwen Pavilion in the south of the temple and Jiexiao square in the east of the temple. Kuiwen pavilion consists of three floors. It is a hexagonal building, about 12 meters high. Each floor is covered with green glazed tiles, with flying eaves in the air, which is quite magnificent. It was built in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. Built in the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858) of the Qing Dynasty, the general archway of Jiexiao in the east of the temple is a square stone archway with triple eaves and a height of about 15 meters. The carving is fine. The banner in the middle is "Sangzi songyun". The curved plaques on both sides were engraved with the words "Jin Jie" and "Jian Zhen". There are 407 surnames of chaste women in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Kuiwenge and jiexiaofang protect the Confucian temple, such as the stars and the moon, which constitute the local characteristics of "one temple, one Pavilion and one square". The grand momentum makes the Confucian temple known as "the Forbidden City of Qianwei".

Tourism information

favoured policy

From February 2020, within one year from the date of resumption of operation of the scenic spot, all medical workers of < I (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) < / I can visit the scenic spot free of charge with valid certificates < I (doctor's certificate, nurse's certificate or other valid medical work certificates) < / I

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Address: 297 South Street, Yujin Town, Qianwei County, Leshan City, Sichuan Province

Longitude: 103.9525079903

Latitude: 29.203782064

Tel: 0833-4227731

Official website: http://www.qwwm.gov.cn/

Tour time: 1 hour

Traffic information: Qianwei Confucian temple is located in Qianwei County, Leshan City, about 40 kilometers away from Leshan City.

Bus: take the bus from Leshan bus station to Qianwei County, every 10 minutes between 6:30 and 18:00, and the fare is about 18 yuan per person. You can walk to the Confucian temple from Qianwei county passenger station.

Ticket information: the ticket is 30 yuan per person, half price for students and the elderly aged 60-69 with valid certificates, and free for soldiers, the disabled and the elderly aged over 70 with valid certificates

Opening hours: 9:00-18:00

Chinese PinYin : Jian Wei Wen Miao