Cao Zhi's tomb

Cao Zhi's tomb

Cao Zhi's tomb is located in Yushan village, Yushan Town, Dong'e County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province. It was built in March of 233, the seventh year of Wei Taihe in the Three Kingdoms period. It is the tomb of Cao Zhi, the third son of Cao Cao, a famous writer in the Three Kingdoms period. The tomb is divided into three parts: corridor, front chamber and back chamber. In 1951, the Shandong Provincial Cultural Relics Administration Committee excavated 132 pieces of cultural relics, including agate beads, agate bubbles, and jade huang. Most of them are pottery objects, such as chariots, cases, pots, pots, chickens, dogs, geese, and ducks. In order to strengthen the protection of Caozhi's cemetery, Shandong Provincial Bureau of cultural relics allocated special funds in 1998 to build Caozhi's tomb and build the present cemetery.

In November 1996, Cao Zhi's tomb was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Historical records

There are four recorded tombs of Cao Zhi.

One is Cao Zhi's tomb in Yushan, Dong'e County, Shandong Province. Cao Zhi was once the king of dong'e. when he was in Dong'e, he often visited Yushan Mountain and wanted to sleep here. After his death, his son buried him here as instructed. One is the tomb of Siling, which is three li south of Huaiyang city in Henan Province. In his later years, Cao Zhi was granted the title of King Chen by chensi County, where he lived for 3500 households. He died here that year. One is located in the tomb of Cao Zhi in Qibu village, Tongxu, Henan Province. Cao Zhi was granted the title of king of yongqiu twice, and lived in yongqiu for the longest time. This place is also the birthplace of the famous seven step poem.

One is located in the south of Badou Town, Feidong County, Hefei City, Anhui Province. Badou comes from Xie Lingyun, who once said that "only one stone can be found in the world. Cao Zijian monopolizes Badou. I have one fight, and the world is divided into one fight.".

Cemetery location

Cao Zhi's tomb is located at the West foot of Yushan Mountain, 20 kilometers south of Dong'e County, Shandong Province, northern China. It is the tomb of Cao Zhi, the third son of Cao Cao, the third son of the famous poet of Wei state (220-265 years) in the Three Kingdoms period. Cao Zhi (192-232) was named Zijian, and his seven step poem is still widely read by the world.

Cao Zhi's tomb was built in 233, the seventh year of Wei Taihe. It was repaired in 1981 and 1985. The tombs are built on the hillside with bricks and stones, covering an area of more than 1200 mu. The former chamber covers an area of about 17 square meters and the latter chamber covers an area of about 4 square meters.

The walls of the tombs are made of black bricks with staggered joints. There is a door between the front hall and the back room, which is sealed with brick. In the tomb, 132 pieces of funerary objects were found, including stone GUIs, stone Bi, sapphire Huang, agate foam, mica pieces and pottery.

Unearthed stone tablet

On the left side of the tomb stands a stele tower rebuilt in 1899, in which there is a tombstone erected by Cao Zhi in the Sui Dynasty. The monument is 2.47 meters high, 1.03 meters wide and 0.21 meters thick. The crown and body of the stele are carved out of the whole stone. The inscriptions are 935 characters in both seal script and Li script.

So far, there are few tombs of the Three Kingdoms period found in China, so the discovery of Cao Zhi's tomb is of great value to the study of literary history and archaeology.

Stone tablet introduction: due to the age, the ancient buildings have been obliterated, only a few ancient steles. Among the ancient steles, the one erected in 593 is very precious. The monument is 2.57 meters high, 1.03 meters wide and 0.21 meters thick. The top of the stele is semicircular, and the stone is thick. It is grayish white and has no title words on the forehead. But in the niche, there are rough carved statues. Because of the age, the face of the statues has been destroyed and only remains are left. Pan dragon is carved on the forehead and back, which can be clearly distinguished. There are 22 lines of inscriptions, each line has 42 words and 43 words, totally 931 words. There are 57 words missing from the inscriptions and 874 words existing. The monument was buried in the Daqing River (now the Yellow River) in the early years, and was fished out in the Qing Dynasty. It was also placed in front of the tomb and protected by a stele tower.

In addition, there are two more precious stone carvings. One of them is the Ming Dynasty stele, which is seriously eroded. Only six small seal characters and big characters can be identified. On the other side is a seven temperament poem written by jiugaozi of chayang in the eighth year of Hongzhi reign of the Ming Dynasty in Shandong Province. The poem says, "who is good in the Three Kingdoms of talent, and who is good in the Three Kingdoms of talent, and who is good in the Three Kingdoms of talent. The seven step poem is famous all over the world, and the Millennium tombs are full of fragrance. In the west of Yushan, the setting sun is old, and the grass is in the East. Today, I come to find a place to hide. The spirit is safe and the flowers are wandering In front of the tomb, there are two tombstones in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, which are well preserved.

In November 1996, Cao Zhi's tomb was approved by the State Council as the fourth batch of key cultural relics protection units in China.

Inscription brick

Li Feng Qin servant Wei Yu Jue, Shaoji, Shen que, Ren Qi, looks for Yao Zi to find and earn Qian Pai Li, Jiaozhou. He steals Yi Xin soup, which is a kind of medicine from the Han Dynasty to the end of the first line. On March 1, the seventh year of Taihe, the 15th day of renxu, the fifth day of the reign of emperor Bingwu, the governor of Chongzhou, Zhu Zhou and other 200 people wrote the second line "Bingwu" and "Wu" wrongly, which should be "Zi". The third line is the first word.

Cao Zhi died in the sixth year of Taihe, the seventh year is the year after his death. Governor, local palace. Hou Kou, the name of the governor of Chongzhou. East Asia belongs to Chongzhou. Cao Zhi was buried there after his death, so the local governor had to send someone to serve as a slave. Scholars, ((records of the Three Kingdoms · Wei Book 23)) "the emperor wanted to move to Jizhou, a hundred thousand families of scholars in Henan." "Shi" is the military status, "Shi Family" is handed down from generation to generation as a soldier's family.

"Zhu Zhou" refers to the surname of the scholar's family, from which two people are selected to fill the post. "Li" is the word "Li". Read as "reason", that is, governance or repair. Cao Zhi was granted the title of CHEN Si Wang, and the tomb of Chen Wang is Cao Zhi's tomb. To give a holiday means to have a holiday. "Give two hundred days off" is to allow these scholars to refuse other services within two hundred days.

Cao Zhi's tomb is close to the mountain camp cave and sealed with earth. It is adjacent to the "Xingluo meteorite", one of the eight sceneries of Yushan in the south, and the Yangmao platform, where Cao Zhi studied in the north. Tomb top cliff, lush shrubs. Over the past 1700 years, ancient tombs have experienced vicissitudes and hardships.

According to records, in the early years, "the grave collapsed, and the sound of the great sound of the great sound was far away and endless." According to Sui Jian's inscription on the Shinto of Cao Zhi's tomb, Cao Yongluo, the 11th grandson of Cao Zhi, invited emperor Xiaozhao to "revive the spirit Temple" and "carve the true face" in Yushan. According to the historical records of Dong'e County, Wang was regarded as the God of Dong'e city in the Yuan Dynasty, and later Gong Qin was ordered to correct his mistakes, leaving the ancestral temple for the king in the city. After that, the city moved and the ancestral hall was abandoned. During the Longqing period of the Ming Dynasty, Tian Lejian, the county magistrate, built his ancestral temple under the tomb. He had a house with three couplets and no temple appearance.

Mausoleum Construction: Cao Zhi's tomb was built in 233. It is located at the West foot of Yushan Mountain in Dong'e County, Liaocheng City. It covers an area of 80 hectares and is surrounded by the Yellow River and Xiaoqing River in the southeast. It is a belt with mountains across the river. It is like a natural screen with green peaks. In the north, it is covered with golden levees, like a yellow dragon lying still and vast fertile fields.

Structure of tomb chamber: brick structure of tomb chamber, three horizontal and one vertical masonry method of tomb wall. The wall and top of the tomb were plastered with a layer of lime about 0.5cm thick. The plane is in the shape of "middle", which is composed of outer corridor, front room and back room. There is a door between Yongtong and the front room, and between the front room and the back room. The length of the tomb is 11.40 meters, and the width of the front chamber is 4.35 meters. The corridor is 2.20 meters long, 1.47 meters wide and 2.24 meters high. The top of the ticket and the entrance of the corridor are blocked with brick. The outer gateway is 1.45 m deep, 0.20 m wide and 1.41 m high, which is used to build the sealing wall along the brick wall joint. The front chamber is square, 4.35 meters long and 4.80 meters high, with a large span vault. The back door is 1.20 meters deep, 1.65 meters wide and 1.96 meters high. It is located in the north part of the back wall of the front room, on the top of the ticket. A groove with a width of 0.20 meters and a height of 1.67 meters is built in the west part of the middle part of the two walls. It is also built into a door sealing wall with staggered joints. The back room is 2.20 meters long, 1.78 meters wide and 3.31 meters high. The top of the ticket collapses and there is no back wall. The coffin was placed in the middle of the front room, which was decayed. From the corridor trace, it should be a single coffin.

There are three layers in the coffin, and the lower layer is about 3cm thick charcoal ash. The middle layer is cinnabar with big beans, and the upper layer is mica slice cut into sun, moon and star. The body was placed on a mica sheet, decayed and only part of the skeleton remained. There are 132 pieces of pottery, copper and stone tools, all of which are placed on both sides of the coffin, except agate beads and three jade huang.

In March 1977, cultural relics archaeologists found another inscription brick on the wall of the tomb about 3 meters high in front of the chamber. The brick is a tomb brick with inscriptions on three sides, saying: "in the seventh year of Taihe, on March 1, renxushuo, and on the 15th of Bingwu, the governor of Yanzhou, Hou Chang, sent two hundred people to complete the tomb of King Chen, and each of them was granted two hundred days' rest. The king accepted the master, situ Cong, and Zhang Shun.". "Taihe" is the title of Cao Rui, emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and "King Chen" is the last title of Cao Zhi. After the excavation of the tomb, due to the long-term exposure of the corridor, the outer gateway and the main chamber, the 4.35-meter-square main chamber and the 2.2-meter-long passage collapsed naturally on September 28, 1978. In order to protect the national precious historical and cultural heritage, in 1981, the Bureau of cultural relics of Shandong Province appropriated special funds to build the tomb base wall and renovate the Sui stele tower. In 1986, the state appropriated special funds to repair Cao Zhi's tomb, which was on the verge of being abandoned and restored its original historical features. In 1993, the people's Government of Dong'e County demolished and rebuilt the surrounding environment of Cao Zhi's tomb, built a cemetery of more than 12000 square meters, built a mausoleum gate, rebuilt the Sui stele tower, and added Cao Zhiji

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