Zhang Liang Temple

Zhang Liang Temple

Zhangliang temple is the holy land of Quanzhen sect, the mainstream of Taoism. It is located at the foot of Zibai mountain on the south slope of Qinling Mountains, 101 km away from Hanzhong in the south, 76 km away from Fengzhou in the north, and 17 km away from Liuba County in Hanzhong. Sichuan Shaanxi highway crosses the gate, so the traffic is more convenient. On May 25, 2006, as an ancient building from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, Zhangliang temple was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of key cultural relics protection units in China.

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A thousand miles away

Zhang Liang, Zifang, was a minister in the early Han Dynasty. According to the records of the historian, Zhang Liangsheng was born in Chengfu (today's southeast Bozhou, Anhui Province), and his father and father were ministers such as Han Zhaohou and xuanhui Wang.

After Qin destroyed Korea, he tried to recover Korea, made friends with assassins, and sniped Qin Shihuang in bolangsha (now Southeast of Yuanyang, Henan). It is said that when he fled to xiapi (now North of Suining, Jiangsu), he met Huang Shigong and got "Taigong art of war". In the peasant war at the end of Qin Dynasty, he gathered people to return to Liu Bang. After a long journey, he said that Xiang Liang Lihan became king of Han and served as Han situ.

Xiang Yu killed queen Han, and he returned to Liu Bang to give advice. During the Chu Han war, he proposed not to establish the descendants of the six states, but to unite Chu general yingbu, Han Xin and Qin general Peng Yue, and finally annihilate the Qin army. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, he was enfeoffed to Liucheng in Jiangsu Province as a marquis.

Zhang Liang, Xiao He and Han Xin are the "three heroes" in the early Han Dynasty. Liu Bang once called him "a decisive strategist in his strategy and a decisive winner thousands of miles away".

Shortly after Liu Bang ascended the throne, he successively killed Han Xin and other meritorious officials. Zhang Liang retreated bravely and came to the purple Sutra mountain to practice stealth. Later generations called this place "Bigu".

Liu Bang counselor

Zhang Liang was the first of the "three heroes" in the early Han Dynasty. Liu Bang himself said: "I'm not as good as Zhang Liang for giving advice and winning a thousand miles; I'm not as good as Xiao He for pacifying the people and raising food and salaries; I'm not as good as Han Xin for commanding a million troops and winning battles and conquering attacks.

These three are all outstanding people. " However, Zhang Liang knew that working with Liu Bang could only share weal and woe, not happiness. Therefore, when the Western Han Dynasty was founded, it was the day of Zhang Liang's "farewell to the Han Dynasty", and he stayed in Zibai mountain deep in the Qinling Mountains, devoting himself to cultivating Taoism and becoming an immortal. This is exactly what Liu Bang wanted. When he became the founding emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, he was granted the title of marquis Zhang Liangjin.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty 400 years later, Zhang Lu, the tenth generation grandson of Zhang Liang, became the "king of the middle of the Han Dynasty". In order to respect his ancestors, he built this "Hall of Zhang liuhou in the Han Dynasty". Since then, it has become the center of Taoist activities. Tourists from all over the world have come to visit. This ancient temple is like a mirror of history, reflecting Zhang Liang's people and his deeds, as well as the reverence of generations of people for him.

When Qin Shihuang annexed six countries and carried out tyranny, Zhang Liang was still a young man. He was born in 185 BC. His grandfather Kaidi and father Zhang Ping served five kings one after another. Zhang Liang was determined to assassinate Qin Shihuang in order to avenge the destruction of South Korea. When Emperor Qinshihuang was traveling to the East, the imperial chariot drove to bolangsha (now in Yuanyang County, Henan Province). Zhang Liang immediately ordered Rex to throw out a 120 Jin iron vertebra. Unfortunately, he "missed the auxiliary chariot", but the frightened Emperor Qinshihuang was safe.

Zhang Liang fled to xiapi (P ī) by hiding his name. The allusion of "Bo Lang Fei Ji" comes from this. Li Bai has a poem: "the sea of heroes, vertebral Qinbo sand." Zhang Liang fled to xiapi. In order to test Zhang Liang's personality and intelligence, Huang intentionally dropped his shoes under a bridge and told Zhang Liang to pick them up. He also told him to kneel down and put on his shoes. Zhang Liang obeyed one by one and won the favor of Huang Shigong. He asked Zhang Liang to come to see him on the bridge in the morning 5 days later.

Zhang Liang was late twice in a row until he entered the bridge at midnight the third time. In order to reward Zhang Liang for his tenacity, patience and perseverance, Huang gave him the Dagong art of war, which was written by King Wen of Zhou Dynasty. Zhang Liang studied in the moonlight on his way to the West. He felt that it was stupid to assassinate Qin Shihuang, and later became Liu Bang's counselor.

Historical records

It is said that the earliest Zhang Liang temple was built by Zhang Lu, the 10th great grandson of Zhang Liang in the Han Dynasty. After 1700 years, it is impossible to investigate the original site. The temple platform, Zhang Liang temple, is one of the large ancestral temples in Shaanxi, with six courtyards, more than 150 houses and an area of 14200 square meters.

In the 36th year of Kangxi (1697), Yu Chenglong (Zhenjia), Minister of the Ministry of war and censor, passed by Zhangliang temple and saw a Taoist guarding the incense.

In 1699, when Jackie Chan passed Zibai mountain again, the Taoist changed into a monk, and the statue of Zhang Liang changed into a Buddha of Sakyamuni. After a thorough investigation, we learned that it was the monk who seized the temple. So we expelled the monk and wrote a plaque with the four characters of "Xiangguo immortal" in person. We rebuilt the hall, rebuilt the golden body of Zhang Liang, and recruited pan Yiliang, a Quanzhen Taoist priest, to guard the incense. Since then, pan Yiliang's disciple, FA sun, has been attacked from generation to generation.

The plaque is hung on the main hall of Zhangliang temple in Liuba County, Shaanxi Province. The plaque is 2.26 meters long and 1.06 meters wide. The wooden plaque is surrounded by auspicious clouds. On the right side of the plaque is inscribed: "the Minister of the Ministry of war and the commander of the imperial censor's headquarters of the right capital of the imperial censor's Academy, the military affairs department has been granted the sixth grade special award to pay homage to him, and the fourth grade to pay homage to Jackie Chan". On the left side is "the second midsummer Moon Valley day of Kangxi's 38th year".

When you come to the front of the mountain, you can see that the gate is made of green bricks. Five big red characters are engraved on the top of the gate, and a couplet is engraved on the left and right of the gate

With the sound of waves, the world was shaken,

The broken bridge rises the clouds three times. The first couplet refers to that he sent people to assassinate Qin Shihuang in bolangsha, and the second couplet refers to that he asked for advice from Huang Shigong at the collapse bridge. A stone tablet was erected on the right side of the temple gate, and it was rotated up to the place where Zhang Liang left the Marquis of Zibai mountain to open the valley.

After entering the mountain gate, he set foot on a wooden bridge, which is called "jinlvqiao". Zhang Liang picked up shoes and put on shoes for Huangshi Duke at the collapsed bridge. There are railings and armchairs on the bridge, and the water is gurgling under the bridge.

Beyond the wooden bridge, there is a tall security view. After the entrance, there are bell and drum towers on the left and right. In the center of the courtyard, there are several "Lingxiao hall". However, there are octagonal cornices, glazed tile roofs and painted arched eaves, which are quite spectacular. The side of the hall is divided into "Sanqing hall", "Sanguan hall" and "SANFA hall".

From the north side of the hall through the court, you enter the courtyard where the main hall is located. The main hall is majestic and solemn. Shangxian county is "the master of the Ming Dynasty" and "the teacher of the emperor". There is a couplet at the door of the hall: "all my life I have made great achievements since I gave the book; the end of Chongfeng and Yansi in the past dynasties was opened by Bigu." The original statue of Zhang Liang in the hall was destroyed in the cultural revolution, and there are many banners praising virtue.

There is a worship hall in front of the main hall, and the left and right wing rooms stand symmetrically. The courtyard is quiet and elegant. The lintel of the hall is covered with plaques of praise, such as "retreating bravely in a torrent", "admonishing properly" and "deep wisdom and courage". The pillars of the hall are decorated with many couplets, such as: "the unparalleled scholar in the Qin Dynasty; the first official in the Han Dynasty," rich and noble, with Confucian spirit; indifferent to ambition, being the God of the Plains ".

There is also a stone tablet set up by general Feng Yuxiang in the courtyard: "heroes are here today, seeing the green mountains are not old, purple cypresses are always alive, thinking of the noble and famous officials, where they have been hanging for thousands of years; immortals are rare in ancient times, setting up Yellowstone to meet again, red pines to meet again, and getting this cave is a blessed place. I am willing to spend my whole life wandering."

From the right side of the main hall to the west, the "Abbot's courtyard" is the "South Garden". There is a pool in the garden, with a hexagonal "Bigu Pavilion" in the middle of the pool and "Wuyun tower" in the north.

To the East on the left side of the hall is the "North Garden". There are many ancient trees and flowers in the garden. There is a hexagonal pavilion in the northwest of the garden, which is called "stone worship Pavilion". Zhang Liang takes Huangshi mountain as his teacher. Inside the pavilion is a stone tablet of Huaishan song written in the fifth year of Longqing (1571 A.D.).

This was set up by Zhao Yuanji, a Bachelor of wenyuange, the Minister of rites of the Ming Dynasty. At that time, because he was dissatisfied with the imperial court's struggle for power and profit, he resigned his official post and returned to Shu. Later, scholars came here, and most of the poems remained in later generations. The garden is surrounded by veranda, whose walls are covered with colored paintings and steles.

Teaching Library

From the southwest of the North Garden, the terrain rises, and tourists climb the stone steps. You can see the cliff stone carvings beside the steps. On the stone carvings are the poems of Zhao Wenyuan of the Ming Dynasty, Lin Zexu of the Qing Dynasty, and later Feng Yuxiang and General Yang Hucheng.

Climbing to the top of the mountain is the middle peak of Zibai mountain. The pavilion on the top of the mountain is called "book teaching building", which means to teach Zhang Liang books from Huangshi mountain. This pavilion with double eaves and flying corners is made of marble and Nanyang jade. It is 100 meters high from the ground, which is elegant and chic. Climbing the tower, you can see the undulating mountains and vast forest sea.

Zhangliang temple is close to mountains and rivers, with picturesque scenery in four seasons. There are many buildings in Zhangliang temple, which are simple and elegant. Among them, there are many couplets on plaques and rabbit words.

There are nearly 100 steles and cliffs in the temple, and there are various schools of calligraphy. It is precisely because of these superior conditions that tourists are constantly visiting throughout the year.

On May 25, 2006, as an ancient building from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, Zhangliang temple was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

The origin of history

Zhangliang temple is close to the mountain and water. It is simple and elegant. It is surrounded by a water in front of the temple and a river behind the temple. It is quiet and solemn around the temple. The pines and cypresses are tall and green. It has a great image of protecting the Dharma and defending the way.

The two rivers flow gently, such as the music of the harp; the bird's voice is clear and clear, and the sound is heard in the empty valley; the exquisite temples and the overlapping buildings often make the dusty tourists feel like wandering in the world when they go to the misty and changeable places.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Liang Miao