Baoshan stone city

Baoshan stone city is located in Jinshajiang gorge, 110km north of Lijiang City. It is named because more than 100 families live on an independent mushroom shaped boulder. There are cliffs on three sides of the stone city, and one side of the stone slope goes straight into the Jinsha River. There are only two stone gates in the north and south for access. It is a real natural danger city. Baoshan stone city was built in the early Yuan Dynasty. At that time, it was one of the seven prefectures under the jurisdiction of Xuanfu Department of Lijiang road in Yunnan Province. It has jurisdiction over the five townships of Daju, Dadong, Mingyin, Baoshan and fengke. Baoshan Prefecture is in the embrace of the first bay of the Yangtze River. It is surrounded by the river on three sides and looks like the bottom of a pocket. The territory is crisscross with mountains and rivers and deep valleys. There are dense virgin forests and rich animal and plant resources. The climate is different in ten miles. The mountain is cold and the valley is dry and hot. Baoshan stone city is adjacent to the roaring Jinsha River in the East, steep rocks in the south, yak ridge in the west, Prince pass in the north, and terraced fields on all sides. It is like a beautiful Ganoderma lucidum standing in the mountains. Tourists from afar often have a strong feeling of unique caves. The stone city of Baoshan is called "labrupanwu" in NASH language, which means "baishizhai of Baoshan". In the city, there are scaled tile houses and vertical and horizontal roadways. Naxi people build houses by digging rocks. The pillars and edge stones of the houses are made according to the situation, which is simple and natural.

Baoshan stone city

Baoshan stone city is located in Jinshajiang gorge, 110km north of Lijiang City. It is named after more than 100 families living on an independent mushroom shaped boulder. Lijiang Baoshan stone city is called "labelupanwu" in Naxi language, which means "Baoshan baishizhai". In the city, the tile houses are scaly and the roadways are vertical and horizontal. The Naxi people in Lijiang built houses by digging out rocks. The pillars and edge stones of the houses are made according to the situation. They are simple and natural, and have endless wonders. Lijiang Baoshan stone city has cliffs on three sides, and a stone slope straight into the Jinsha River. There are only two stone gates in the north and south for access. It is a real city of natural danger.

brief introduction

Baoshan stone city was built between the Yuan Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty (1277-1294 AD). At that time, it was one of the seven prefectures under the jurisdiction of the Xuanfu division of Lijiang Road, Baoshan Prefecture. In Naxi language, it was called "Cibo lupanwu", which means "Baoshan baishizhai", and "Cibo" is Baoshan. The ancestors of Naxi migrated here in the southern and Northern Dynasties in the 5th and 6th centuries. At that time, Baoshan Prefecture had many mountains, deep valleys, dense primeval forests and rich animal and plant resources. According to the records of Geography in the history of the Yuan Dynasty, Baoshan Prefecture first moved from loutou (Yongning, Ninglang county) for more than 20 generations Baoshan stone city is a natural rock city. The whole city is built on an independent mushroom shaped rock. The four walls are steep and the force is like a knife. It is difficult for apes to climb up. The residents on the rocks built a circle of five foot high stone walls around, making the stone city easier to defend and cover. The whole Baoshan stone city has only two front and back gates to go in and out, and closing the gates becomes a safe island. In 1253 ad, the crown prince of the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan, went south to Dali. The Middle Route Army crossed the Dadu River in Sichuan and headed south. They crossed the "mugudu" and "Baoshan" of Jinsha River by sheep skin leather bags and rafts. The yuan army who crossed from Baoshan was stationed in the stone city of Baoshan. This is the allusion of "Yuan Kua Ge Nang" in the long couplet of Kunming Grand View Building. Around the end of Sui Dynasty and the beginning of Tang Dynasty, a group of Mosuo people moved from Ninglang to Yongning to Baoshan stone city. Undaunted by difficulties and dangers, they used local ready-made stones to build stone terraces from the depth of the canyon to the high slope of two or three kilometers away from the valley. With these well arranged terraces, the originally barren land around Baoshan stone city has turned into a golden granary. It also adds a glorious page to the history of civilization created by the people living on this land.

position

Starting from heiheishui river at the foot of yunshanping mountain, walk northward along Panshan highway, about 100 kilometers ahead, and you will arrive at the location of Baoshan Township. Get off here and have a rest. Then walk along the mountain path for about 3 hours. You can see Baoshan stone city.

Walking about 10 kilometers north from Baoshan stone city to taiziguan, where Kublai Khan crossed the river and went south to Dali. The place name of taiziguan also comes from this.

history

According to the records of Geography in the history of the Yuan Dynasty, Baoshan Prefecture first moved from loutou (Yongning, Ninglang county) for more than 20 generations Baoshan stone city is a natural rock city. The whole city is built on an independent mushroom shaped rock. The four walls are steep and the force is like a knife. It is difficult for apes to climb up. The residents on the rocks built a circle of five foot high stone walls around, making the stone city easier to defend and cover. The whole Baoshan stone city has only two front and back gates to go in and out, and closing the gates becomes a safe island. In 1253 ad, the crown prince of the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan, went south to Dali. The Middle Route Army crossed the Dadu River in Sichuan and headed south. They crossed the "mugudu" and "Baoshan" of Jinsha River by sheep skin leather bags and rafts. The yuan army who crossed from Baoshan was stationed in the stone city of Baoshan. This is the allusion of "Yuan Kua Ge Nang" in the long couplet of Kunming Grand View Building. Around the end of Sui Dynasty and the beginning of Tang Dynasty, a group of Mosuo people moved from Ninglang to Yongning to Baoshan stone city. Undaunted by difficulties and dangers, they used local ready-made stones to build stone terraces from the depth of the canyon to the high slope of two or three kilometers away from the valley. With these well arranged terraces, the originally barren land around Baoshan stone city has turned into a golden granary. It also adds a glorious page to the history of civilization created by the people living on this land. In addition, the famous Naxi Dongba hieroglyphs of the two precious scriptures "raising horses and selling horses" and "buying and selling longevity" are also produced in Baoshan stone city.

scale

Looking at Baoshan stone city from the roadside ridge, it is a huge stone towering over the steep hillside of Jinsha River Valley. It is surrounded by the Jinsha River in the East, the prince pass in the north, the winding yak ridge in the West and the cliff crossing in the south. Because of its unique geographical advantages, dangerous situation and both offensive and defensive, the ancient Naxi ancestors chose it. Along the path to the south of Shicheng, climb up the stairs and enter Shicheng. You will see that the houses in the city are in good order, the lanes are vertical and horizontal, the houses are adjacent to each other, and there are nearly 100 families. It's peaceful for the residents to come and go. I'll sit and chat with you about things outside the city, just like a family member. The streets and lanes in the stone city are narrow, but they are not blocked, and they do not hinder the traffic. People build the city on the spot. The ground is not flat, but it is a natural stone road. All the residential communities in Shicheng follow the trend of the rocks. Some pillars, tables and stools are made of natural rocks. Some kitchen stones are used as stoves, some courtyard stones are used as water tanks, and some even house stones are used as stone beds.

The residents living in Shicheng are good at farming. They build their homes on the boulders and reclaim their lives on the land beyond the boulders. They build terraces, build water conservancy projects, and plant rice, wheat, corn, etc. to form terraces around the boulders. It is the most beautiful season for Baoshan stone city that the wheat is ripe in May, the rice is yellow in October, and the green and golden wheat sea and rice wave are holding the stone city like a giant wheel.

The steep rock peak in the north of Baoshan stone city is called "Cibo Prince pass" by Naxi people. It is named in memory of Kublai Khan's leading the Mongolian army to cross this dangerous pass. At that time, the Mongolian army of thousands of troops crossed the river from Jinsha River under Baoshan stone city to yangeng and marched south to Dali.

The towering Baoshan stone city shows the courage and courage of the Naxi ancestors to the world. It is a masterpiece of the Naxi giant stone carving art. Visitors here are full of emotion and wit, and marvel at the natural stone city.

characteristic

The stone city of Baoshan in Lijiang is a historical portrayal of the transformation of the ancient Naxi people in Lijiang from the nomadic stage of "depending on the mountains and taking risks, chieftains and stockaded villages, not being controlled by each other" to the farming stage, and they chose giant stones to build castles. In addition to military offensive and defensive reasons, there are also important factors to cherish arable land. The stone city of Baoshan is called "labrupanwu" in NASH language, which means "baishizhai of Baoshan". In the city, there are scaled tile houses and vertical and horizontal roadways. Naxi people build houses by digging rocks. The pillars and edge stones of the houses are made according to the situation, which is simple and natural.

Compared with Yuanjiang's terraces, Lijiang's Baoshan stone city's terraces are also original, that is, the unique gravity irrigation system - not that the upper fields are full of flowing fields, but that there are underground channels under each field, forming an irrigation network formed by underground channels and water inlets, blocking the entrance of the underground channels and providing water Then the whole field will be irrigated. When the water is full, open the culvert, and then plug the irrigation gate. The water will flow down the culvert, and then the lower field will be irrigated. There will be no fertilizer grabbing phenomenon. This kind of terrace construction fully shows the wisdom of the ancient Naxi people in Lijiang.

Legend of stone city

In 1206, Tiemuzhen unified the north and south of the desert and established the Mongolian Khanate of military slavery. The Mongol nobles took the strategy of conquering the southwest and then attacking the Southern Song Dynasty. Therefore, they conquered Dali first. In 1253, the Mongol Khan mengge sent his No.1 Hubilie to lead 100000 troops and divided them into three routes to Yunnan. The Middle Road, led by Hu Bilie himself, crossed the Dadu River in the south, the Jinsha River in the west, the east of Lijiang, the east of Lijiang, and Dali in the south. It's September of this year,

Chinese PinYin : Bao Shan Shi Tou Cheng