Fengxue Temple

Fengxue Temple

Fengxue temple is also known as Xiangji temple, Qianfeng temple and baiyun temple. The national AAAA tourist attraction is located in Fengxue mountain at the south foot of Shaoshi mountain, Songshan Mountain, 9 km northeast of Ruzhou city.

Fengxue temple was first built in the first year of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and then rebuilt and expanded in the Northern Wei, Tang, song, Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Fengxue temple has a total area of more than 50 mu. The main existing buildings include Tianwang hall, zhongfo hall, Xuanzhong Pavilion, sutra Pavilion, Qizu pagoda, etc. Many architectural remains of Tang, song, Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties are preserved in the four famous temples in the Central Plains, leaving heavy material materials for the history of Chinese architecture, which is praised as China's ancient architecture museum by ancient architecture experts.

In February 2020, in order to express gratitude and respect to medical workers, all medical workers in China (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) can enter the park free of charge with valid certificates from the resumption of operation of the scenic spot to December 31, 2020.

Historical origin

Fengxue temple was first built in the first year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (190ad). It was destroyed by Dong Zhuo's rebellion and rebuilt in the Northern Qi Dynasty. It has a history of more than 1800 years. It is one of the oldest Buddhist temples in China. It was named Xiangji Temple because of its wild flowers and fragrant atmosphere. Because of the mountains in the north of the temple, it is called "Qianfeng Temple".

The Sui Dynasty is also known as Qianfeng temple. In the third year of Qianyou in the later Han Dynasty, it was changed into baiyun temple. When the temple was rebuilt in the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was located at the foot of Yindong mountain in baimashigou. It is said that the materials were all ready at that time, and a gust of wind blew the bricks, stones and wood to the site of the temple, so it was called "Fengxue Temple". According to the records of Fengxue temple, there are two Fengxue (large and small Fengxue) on the sunny slope of Longshan in the east of the temple. The mountain is named Fengxue mountain, and the temple is named Fengxue mountain. Once as famous as Baima temple, Shaolin Temple and Xiangguo Temple, it is known as the "four famous temples in the Central Plains".

Fengxue temple was the most prosperous in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. There were more than 600 monks, more than 300 houses and more than 2000 mu of land. Although Fengxue temple is a temple in the north, it is not arranged along the central axis, but built according to the situation of the mountains, with the landscape of Jiangnan.

cultural heritage

The surrounding landscape is scattered, known as eight major landscapes, 72 small landscapes and 36 blessed places. More importantly, Fengxue temple has preserved the splendid cultural heritage of the motherland. There are more than 140 existing buildings from Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. The "Qizu pagoda" built in the 26th year of Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty is one of the seven existing towers of Tang Dynasty in China. In the hanging Bell Pavilion of song Dynasty, there is a cast iron bell in the seventh year of Xuanhe of Song Dynasty, which weighs 9999 Jin, and is known as "the first bell of Central Plains". The middle Buddha Hall is a building of Jin Dynasty, which is of single eaves and mountain rest style with beam frame The structure is scientific and rigorous; Lianyi Pavilion is the only double-layer hexagonal pavilion in Henan Province in Ming Dynasty; the upper and lower Pagoda Forest on the Western hillside is the third largest Pagoda Forest in China.

Layout structure

There are more than 30 stone Buddhas and 7 wooden Buddhas in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty.

There are many steles in the temple, either recording events or chanting. The styles of regular script, grass, official script and seal script are quite different. There are the mantra of nitora in Tang Dynasty, Jingchuang in Song Dynasty and Ta Ming in Yuan Dynasty.

Cultural relics protection

In 1963, it was designated as a key cultural relics protection unit in Henan Province, and in 1988, it was approved as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Because Fengxue temple is far away from the city, located in a deep valley, and occupied by military hospitals during the cultural revolution, many architectural remains of Tang, song, Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties are preserved in the four famous temples in Central China, leaving heavy material materials for the history of Chinese architecture, which is praised as China's ancient architecture museum by ancient architecture experts.

Tourist attractions

The main scenic spots of Fengxue Temple scenic spot are Fengxue temple, a national key cultural relic protection unit, shangxiatalin, Fengxue Temple National Forest Park, etc., which constitute a tourist attraction with an organic combination of human landscape and natural landscape.

Among them, Fengxue temple is the most typical.

Fengxue temple has eight sceneries, such as pearl curtain, Daci spring, Jinping wind, Wugong cave, Wangzhou Pavilion, play platform, Shengxian bridge and Xuanzhong Pavilion; seventy-two sceneries, such as Xiaolongmen, shilongtou, huofengwei and Dongshan immortal, and thirty-six blessed places, warm in winter and cool in summer.

Well preserved

Fengxue Temple preserves the cultural relics and buildings of Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is called "Museum of ancient architecture" by experts. Among them, the three most complete buildings are Qizu Pagoda in Tang Dynasty, Xuanzhong Pavilion in Song Dynasty and zhongfo hall in Jin Dynasty. These three buildings are called the three national treasures of Fengxue temple.

Built in the Song Dynasty, Xuanzhong Pavilion is a towering tower with double eaves and three drops of water. Zhongfo hall was built in Jin Dynasty, with three rooms in width and depth, and nine ridges on the top of Xieshan. All the buildings in Fengxue temple are scattered, and there is no obvious central axis. There are several pagodas outside the temple, including 115 tombs from the Yuan Dynasty, inscriptions and Buddhist statues of the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Surrounded by mountains around the temple, the ancient cypresses are verdant. The colorful pearl curtain, Daci spring, play platform, Shengxian bridge, Jinping wind, Wugong cave, Wangzhou Pavilion and other scenic spots are also quite attractive. CEN Shen, Liu Yuxi, Yuan Zhen and others of the Tang Dynasty all left poems here. It has been listed as one of the national key cultural relics protection units.

geographical position

Fengxue Temple National Forest Park is located 8 kilometers to the north of the city. Fengxue Temple National Forest Park is rich in forest resources, including Robinia pseudoacacia, Platycladus orientalis, Quercus acutissima, Xiusong, etc., which is unique and attractive.

The Fengxue temple in the garden was built in the first year of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It was destroyed by Dong Zhuo's rebellion and rebuilt in the Northern Wei Dynasty. It is more than 1800 years ago. It is one of the oldest Buddhist temples in China. It is as famous as Shaolin Temple, Baima temple and Xiangguo Temple. It is known as the "four famous temples in the Central Plains". In front of the temple, there is the tomb of Liu Xiyi, a poet of the early Tang Dynasty. On the side of the temple, Wu Jifu, a Confucian of the Song Dynasty, lived in seclusion in a reading cave. Fengxue temple is named for the large and small Fengxue caves in the east mountain of the temple. It is built by the mountain and by the water. It is built according to the situation of the mountain. It is high and low, varied and beautiful. Fengxue pass, two mountain road, verdant trees, gurgling water. Only when Yili travels 3 li to the north can he find the temple, which has the poetic and picturesque flavor of "ancient temple hidden in the mountains" and "the place where the Qujing leads to seclusion".

Tourism information

traffic

You can take bus from Pingdingshan, Zhengzhou, Luoyang and other places to Ruzhou city. Take bus No.7 in Ruzhou city to Fengxue Temple Station.

Free policy

In February 2020, in order to express gratitude and respect to medical workers, from the resumption of operation of the scenic spot to December 31, 2020, all medical workers in China (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) can enter the park free of charge with valid certificates (doctors with their own doctor's license and ID card; nurses with their own nurse's license and ID card, etc.).

Main building

Fengxue temple is hidden in the valley. After entering the mountain pass, there are two paths between the two mountains. On the side of the mountain, there are verdant pines, gurgling water, lush and elegant, winding paths. After walking about 1.5 kilometers, you can see the temple, which is really poetic and picturesque like "the ancient temple hidden in the mountains" and "the winding path leading to the secluded place".

The temple covers an area of about 50 mu. The existing buildings include the middle Buddha Hall in the Jin Dynasty, the Pilu hall in the Ming Dynasty and the bell tower. There is a large tower forest around the temple, which is more than 100 tombs of monks in the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, second only to Shaolin Temple. In addition, there are dozens of stone inscriptions and Buddhist statues of yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Surrounded by mountains, the temple has Zixiao peak in the north and nine mountain ranges such as Ziyun peak, Shamao peak, Xianglu peak and shiliuzui peak on the side. Facing the temple, it has the reputation of "Jiulong Chaofeng cave, building ancient temples in succession".

There are more than 140 temples, pavilions, towers and platforms in the temple. They are built according to the situation of the mountain. They are high and low, varied and beautiful. Where is the clock in the mountains? The temple's Tianwang hall, zhongfo hall and Daxiong hall are built in accordance with the trend of the mountain. They are scattered and orderly, which are very different from the buildings of Baima temple and Shaolin Temple. The third palace, the sixth Ancestor Hall, the Weituo hall and the Shentang hall are arranged like a chessboard. There is a bell tower in the southwest corner and a sutra collection tower in the northwest corner. The seven ancestral pagoda stands on the left side of the center of the temple in front of the water and land hall. It is handsome and straight, giving people the complicated taste of "five steps to one floor, ten steps to one Pavilion, looking up to one scene, turning to another world". Zhongfo hall is the most complete Jin Dynasty hall in Henan Province.

There are three rooms of wide surface and three rooms of deep depth, and the top of the mountain. The design is regular, the structure is rigorous, and the proportion is appropriate. The stone carvings, wood carvings, Buddha statues and Bodhisattvas in the hall are vigorous and natural.

Connect with Shengqiao

There is Jiesheng bridge in front of the temple. It is said that it is the place where Emperor Qianlong's edict is worshipped, so it is called Jiesheng bridge. The blue stone railings on the bridge are exquisitely carved. In the north of the bridge is the Guanyin Pavilion, which is of the Xieshan style with double eaves. The eaves are overhanging with delicate workmanship. The pavilion is commonly known as "Shuifu".

Because there is a big spring in front of the pavilion, the green water gushes. Behind the pavilion, there are East and West longan, junzi, Wenqing and Yingke springs converging under the bridge. The spring water encircles the "ripple Pavilion". Guanyin Pavilion is just like the Dragon Palace in the water, so it is called "Shuifu".

Zhongfo Hall

Zhongfo hall was built in Jin Dynasty, more than 800 years ago. It is a single eaves Xieshan style building.

Pilu hall is located in the back of zhongfo hall. It was rebuilt in 1475. There is a white jade Buddha statue of Sakyamuni presented by Zhu Su, king of Zhou Dynasty in the seventh year of Yongle.

The three storey hanging bell pavilion was built in the Song Dynasty. There is an iron bell cast in 1125, the seventh year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty. It weighs 4998 kg and has a thick and simple shape with clear inscriptions.

Zhongfo hall is a typical Jin Dynasty building. It is built on a 15 meter high brick platform with cornices and corners. It seems to be flying. It is the most complete Jin Dynasty building preserved in Henan Province. Pilu hall, built in Chenghua of the Ming Dynasty, is a glazed hall with a white jade Buddha in it. It was built in Kaifeng in the seventh year of Yongle of the Ming Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Feng Xue Si