Kinmen National Park

Kinmen National Park

Located in Jinmen County, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, Jinmen National Park is the sixth Park of this type in Taiwan. The plan was announced on May 25, 1995, and the management office was established on October 18, 1995. It is the first park with the functions of protecting historical and cultural assets, commemorating battles, and protecting natural resources.

Development history

Located in Jinmen County, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, Jinmen Park was established in October 1995 with an area of 3, 780 hectares, including parts of dajinmen and Lieyu. There are otters, waterfowls, turtles, mangroves and other wild animals and plants in the area. There are also important battlefields in modern history, such as the battle of 823 artillery and the battle of Gu ningtou. It is of great contribution and significance to the KMT's move to Taiwan. It retains the cultural assets of Minnan traditional architecture and ancient shell tombs, and is the first one in Taiwan to preserve historical relics It is a park with assets and campaign commemoration, and natural resources conservation.

In 1972, Taiwan promulgated relevant laws and regulations to protect natural ecological resources. Since the establishment of Kenting Park in 1984, Yushan, Yangmingshan, tailuge, Xueba and other parks have been established successively. These parks are mainly for protecting ecology and natural landscape. Kinmen Park, established on October 18, 1995, is the first park of this type in Taiwan, which is mainly for maintaining historical and cultural assets, commemorating battles and protecting natural resources.

geographical environment

geographical position

Jinmen Park covers the central, northwest, southwest and northeast corners of Jinmen Island, as well as the island ring road and its peripheral area of Lieyu (commonly known as xiaojinmen). It is divided into Gu ningtou District, Taiwu Mountain District, Gu Gang District, Mashan District and Lieyu Island District, with a total area of about 3720 hectares, accounting for about one fourth of the total area of xiaojinmen and xiaojinmen.

Geological topography

The geology of Jinmen island is simple. If the qionglin Shangyi line is taken as the boundary, Jinmen island can be divided into two geological areas. A large amount of granite gneiss is obviously exposed in the eastern part, and laterite is mainly exposed in the western part. The northeastern and southeastern coasts of Kinmen Island and the northeastern southeastern coasts of Lieyu island are eroded by sea water and become sea erosion cliffs or platforms, revealing the landscape of granite gneiss intruded by dikes.

Kinmen is a subtropical marine climate, with no mountain barrier on all sides, strong wind, annual average temperature of about 20.8 degrees Celsius, dry and cold in winter, foggy in spring, annual rainfall of about 1000 mm, mostly concentrated in April to September, and due to the annual evaporation of more than 1680 mm, the island appears semi-arid phenomenon. In addition, the soil on the island is represented by sandy soil and bare red soil, so it is not suitable for farming Drought tolerant coarse cereals were the main crops in the field.

natural resources

As an island, Kinmen is a small island ecosystem. Due to the early development of Kinmen and many wars, there are few large wild animal resources, but there is an endangered conservation mammal otter. There are also ancient living fossils "Limulus" and "amphioxus", which are very precious.

Kinmen is located on the edge of the mainland, and it is the relay station for migratory birds, so the bird species are the most diverse. Every autumn and winter, a large number of migratory birds come here to spend winter, which also forms a special landscape.

animal

Surrounded by the sea, Kinmen is a small island ecosystem. Due to long-term development, there are few large-scale wildlife resources. However, Kinmen is located on the edge of the mainland, and it is the relay station for migratory birds, so the bird species are the most diverse. According to the investigation and literature data, the existing wildlife in Kinmen at least include: 8 species of mammals, 283 species of birds, 13 species of reptiles, 5 species of amphibians, 45 species of butterflies and 45 species of shellfish 32 species of crabs and 6 species of crabs.

In addition to the endangered conservation mammal otter, the ancient living fossils "horseshoe crab" and "amphioxus" are also precious. Every autumn and winter, a large number of migratory birds come here to spend the winter, forming a special landscape.

Botany

According to historical records, Jinmen used to be an island with dense trees. However, after salt boiling, war and deforestation in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was finally damaged by the wind and sand. After 1950, the army and the people actively planted trees, and it was decades later that Jinmen became a green and gloomy "Marine Park". The forest area of the region is nearly 6000 hectares (about 39.8% of the land area), and the main afforestation species are Casuarina equisetifolia (57%), acacia, pine, eucalyptus, etc.

There are 542 species of vascular plants in Jinmen Park, among which 17 species may not be produced in Taiwan, such as panggaoshu, Tangli, Fujian liudaomu, and daixiaohua. In Haikou wetland, there are large mangrove landscapes formed by haiqie and shuibizi. Because of the strong northeast monsoon and shallow soil, Taiwu mountain area is mostly less than 10 meters In addition, because of being in the field of war, plants with anti airborne effect such as Michelia, cactus and so on can be seen here. Because of the geographical relationship, the plant species in this area are closely related to the Chinese mainland, but the difference in plant composition is still great with Taiwan island.

places of historic figures and cultural heritage

Historical Site

There are 21 historical sites in the county, including 11 sites in the park, including the second-class historical sites of qionglin Cai's ancestral hall, Wentai pagoda, Shuitou Huang's youtang bieye, Xujiang Xiaowo Qunye, and the third-class historical sites of qiulianggong cemetery, Hanying yungenye, zhenweidi, qionglin Yimen sanjiefang, Haiyin temple shimenguan, Shuiwei pagoda, and Cai Panlong There are seven tombs.

Settlement in Southern Fujian: since 1949, due to military control and slow urbanization, Kinmen has maintained its traditional architectural style, constituting a special cultural landscape of the island. When the jinmensheng Park was established, it designated the well preserved communities in the park as seven traditional settlements to be preserved. They are qionglin, Zhushan, oucuo, Nanshan, Beishan, Shuitou and Shanhou.

Battle history: never forget the stele of Ju. Jinmen has been a place for military strategists since ancient times. Since 1949, Kinmen has become Taiwan's most outpost. As the first line of defense, the long-term war preparedness has made Kinmen Island full of fortifications, and the merciless war has left deep historical relics here.

The main battlefield of the battle of guningtou was in guningtou District, including Beishan building, Li Guangqian general temple, lincuo memorial to annihilate the enemy, guningtou spiritual fortress, Hunan highland and so on, which witnessed the ruthlessness of the war. The central tunnel in Taiwu mountain, the underground battle village in qionglin, the Historical Museum of the 823 war, and the military cemetery in Taiwu mountain are the best places to remember the 823 artillery battle. In addition, Mashan broadcasting station, a famous heart war call center just 2300 meters away from the other side of the Strait, Jiugong tunnel and Shuangkou battle village in lie Yu, wuforget Ju monument on Taiwu mountain, and hujingtou Military History Museum record the war years in Jinmen.

characteristic

The most distinctive features of Kinmen are:

1. Minnan style ancient houses: the ancient houses of folk culture are majestic and well arranged. The walls are solid and thick, the swallow tail ridge is flying in the sky, the wood and stone are finely carved, and the pottery decorations are lifelike. They are rich in color, mainly red, black and gold. Therefore, although they have experienced the wind and frost for a long time, they still have noble temperament.

2. There are lots of fengshiye: fengshiye is a special cultural landscape in Jinmen. According to legend, it was in the Ming and Zheng dynasties that the wind lion master in Jinmen was wantonly felling trees and building ships, which made Jinmen from a green field to a barren wasteland. Since then, the wind lion master was erected at the intersection of villages to control the wind evil.

3. Jinmen Gaoliang liquor: Jinmen distillery was founded in 1950, formerly known as Jiulongjiang distillery. The Gaoliang liquor brewed by Jinmen distillery is full-bodied, mellow and vigorous, and has become a treasure of the wine family.

4. Granite hospital: located at the foot of Taiwu mountain, granite hospital is a battlefield underground hospital excavated from the mountainside.

5. Guningtou war Embassy: the war embassy is located in the hometown of guningtou battlefield. It is a castle style reinforced concrete building, covering an area of nearly 200 square meters. It was built in 1984. The construction of the war Embassy can record the course of the battle, display the captured booty, war documents and the meritorious general Yuzhao.

6. Memorial of the 823 artillery battle: the memorial of the 823 artillery battle is towering.

7. Opening up the small three links: after opening up the small three links, the direct flights between Kinmen and Xiamen, the trade between Kinmen and the mainland are increasing day by day, and the goods in the market are of high quality and low price, attracting a lot of tourists and becoming one of the local characteristics.

Address: No.460, Section 2, Boyu Road, Jinning Township, Jinmen County, Taiwan Province

Longitude: 118.32606506348

Latitude: 24.424238204956

Tel. + 886-8-2313100

Ticket information: free.

Chinese PinYin : Jin Men Guo Jia Gong Yuan