Xiangxiong Kingdom site

Xiangxiong Kingdom site

The site of Xiangxiong kingdom is located in qiongzong, not far from Wenbu Township Office of naqunima county. The large site here is the capital of Xiangxiong. Xiangxiong site, built on the hillside, stone buildings, large scale.. The ancient kingdom of Xiangxiong was once prominent on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and the oldest Buddhist ancient Xiangxiong Dharma "Yong Zhong Ben Jiao" in human history was formed at this time.

The ancient Xiangxiong kingdom is an ancient civilization with a long history of 3000 years.

The ancient Xiangxiong Dynasty once unified 18 countries known as 180000 tribes, established a powerful ancient Xiangxiong kingdom in Central Asia, and experienced 18 influential Xiangxiong dynasties. At its peak, Xiangxiong Dynasty had a strong military force, a large population and a vast territory. In the 8th century, Xiangxiong was destroyed by the Tubo Dynasty. Today, the Xiangxiong site, which coexists with the famous Daguo snow mountain and dangre yongcuo, has numerous ruins for people to hang on and visit.

Site introduction

Xiangxiong ancient state was established in the iron age from 1500 BC to the first year of the Western Yuan Dynasty, and died in the Tubo Dynasty in 645.

The ancient Xiangxiong kingdom had a very high civilization. It not only formed its own unique Xiangxiong culture, but also was the birthplace of ancient Xiangxiong Buddhism. From the king to the common people, the whole people believed in Yongzhong Benbo Buddhism. In fact, Yongzhong Benjiao culture is equivalent to Xiangxiong culture. Xiangxiong culture is the source of all Tibetan culture, and Yongzhong fundamentalism is the source of all Buddhism and Buddhist culture. The splendid "ancient Xiangxiong civilization" developed with the wide spread of "Yongzhong based religion". The ancient Xiangxiong Dharma is the Dharma preached by Prince xingraomiwo (the master of Sakyamuni Buddha's former "baichuang emperor") and is also known as the oldest Xiangxiong Dharma in Tibet. The ancient Xiangxiong Dharma is not only the core of the ancient Xiangxiong culture, but also the source of traditional Tibetan culture and Tibetan Buddhism in China and the general source of all Buddhism.

The ancient Xiangxiong Buddhism occupies the supreme position in the traditional culture of the ancient Xiangxiong. It is the oldest Buddhism in Tibet, the oldest Buddhism in human history, and the root of all Buddhism. More than 10000 years before Indian Buddhism was introduced to Tibet, the ancient Xiangxiong Buddhism "yongzhongben religion" had been widely spread in the snow plateau, which was the most important spiritual belief of the Tibetan people.

It had a profound influence on the later Tubo and even the whole Tibetan culture. However, its mysterious disappearance left many eternal mysteries. It's no wonder that today many people still can't find any clues about the Xiangxiong cultural site. Perhaps as a writer said, "Xiangxiong is a nomadic people. It doesn't belong to the civilization of the land.

According to legend, the capital of Xiangxiong kingdom is in the place called qionglong Silver City, which is in the territory of today's arizada. There are indeed many early human cave sites and rock paintings in Zada earth forest. There is a large site of qiongzong not far from Wenbu Township Office in naqunima County, which is also known as the location of Xiangxiong capital. Dangraeyongcuo near qiongzong is the most important sacred lake for Yongzhong natives. Yuben temple, a temple built in a cliff cave, is the oldest temple of Yongzhong natives.

The kingdom of Xiangxiong believes in yongzhongben religion. According to historical records, the founder of yongzhongben religion, xingrao Miwo, the Tathagata Buddha (the teacher of Sakyamuni Buddha's former life), was the first king of Xiangxiong. Qiongzong is located in the west of the middle part of Daguo mountain range. The large-scale ruins group is located on the back of Daguo snow mountain and on the west of dangraeyongcuo. The terrain is magnificent and full of the momentum of Kingdom capital. The site covers an area of 1 square kilometer, like a dangerous Dashibao mountain stronghold. Because it is close to the great lake, the grassland near the site has obvious microclimate characteristics, abundant rainfall, rich forage and high-quality Kashmir goats. The herdsmen's tents in northern Tibet can be found here.

Qiongzong is about 20 kilometers away from Wenbu village, which can be reached by car from NIMA. Whether these two places are Xiangxiong's capitals or not remains to be proved, but they have one thing in common, that is, they were once in the strong range of Xiangxiong.

Xiangxiong civilization

More than 18000 years ago, there were several kingdoms established by minority tribes in Ali Region, among which the most prosperous one was Xiangxiong Kingdom, which believed in "yongzhongbenjiao" and had great strength. Xiangxiong means "the land of Mirs" in the local language. Xiangxiong, the earliest civilization center of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, is recorded as "Shan Tong" in the history of Han Dynasty. According to the research of experts, the ancient Xiangxiong people took Mirs as their totems. The heyday of Xiangxiong was in the Tang Dynasty in the Central Plains. At that time, Xiangxiong was called "Dayang Tongguo". According to the ancient books, there are no characters in Xiangxiong, but according to the research of many Tibetologists at home and abroad and the existing relics, this is not accurate.

According to the research on the names of local people and place names, many place names in Ali area are left over from the ancient Xiangxiong language. It is believed that at that time (before Songzanganbu created Tibetan), Xiangxiong teachers wrote scriptures in their own words. Later, Tubo conquered Xiangxiong area and promoted Buddhism and Tibetan, but Xiangxiong was lost. The ancient Xiangxiong had a very high civilization. It not only formed its own unique Xiangxiong script, but also was the birthplace of the traditional Tibetan indigenous religion "yongzhongben religion", which had a profound impact on the later Tubo and even the whole Tibetan culture. However, its mysterious demise left many eternal mysteries. It's no wonder that many people still can't find any clues about the Xiangxiong cultural site. Maybe as a writer said, "Xiangxiong is a nomadic people. It does not belong to the civilization of the land.

Xiangxiong ancient country is a tribal country that dominated the Tibetan Plateau before spitting. Its territory starts from gangren Boqi in Ali area in the west, which is the upper Xiangxiong; it reaches Dingqing in the East, which is the present capital of Changdu, which is the lower Xiangxiong; it passes through NIMA and Shenzha in northern Tibet, which is the middle Xiangxiong. The Xiangxiong palace was built on the edge of dangrayongcuo lake. Xiangxiong kingdom is closely related to ancient Persia. Xiangxiong believes in Yong Zhongben religion.

Xiangxiong Kingdom rose in the West and northwest of the Qinghai Tibet plateau at least two centuries before the alliance of the six Tubo tribes. According to the classic description of Yongzhong Benjiao in the same period, Ali, Ladakh (Kashmir area) and other places are "inner Xiangxiong", the core area, Weizang (Lhasa, Shigatse, Shannan, Linzhi) and other places are "middle Xiangxiong"; DUOKANG (Naqu, Anduo, Changdu) And other places are "outer elephant male". The sphere of influence covers almost the entire Qinghai Tibet Plateau and also spans parts of Qinghai and Sichuan. Strictly speaking, Xiangxiong is not a country, but a larger and stronger tribal alliance. Later, Supi and Tubo rose in northern Tibet and Shannan, gradually weakening the power of Xiangxiong. The three tribes fought against each other, forming a tripartite confrontation.

Li Misha, the last king of Xiangxiong Kingdom, was colluded with his queen by Chisong Dezan and assassinated when he sacrificed to the lake, which led to the death of Xiangxiong. At that time, Xiangxiong had a high degree of civilization. He had established his own writing and was the birthplace of Yongzhong's religion. Its writing is related to the writing of ancient Kashmir and ancient pangzhepu (ancient Indian state), and the Tibetan language, which appeared later than Xiang Xiongwen, has also been used for reference.

According to archaeological studies and historical records, Xiangxiong had risen in the remote corners of the western and northwestern Tibetan Plateau in the 10th century BC, and established a relationship with the Tang Dynasty earlier than Tubo. In the 6th-7th century, Xiangxiong was dominated by animal husbandry and agriculture. The ancient Xiangxiong had a very high civilization. It not only formed its own unique Xiangxiong script, but also was the birthplace of ancient Xiangxiong Buddhism, which had a profound impact on later Tubo and even the whole Tibetan culture. In its heyday, the Xiangxiong Dynasty had a very strong military force, covering most of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and parts of Qinghai and Sichuan, as well as Kashmir and Ladakh in the West. Later, Tubo gradually rose on the Tibetan Plateau and conquered Xiangxiong in the eighth century. Since then, the Kingdom and culture of Xiangxiong have suddenly disappeared. There is no textual research on its written documents and palace sites, leaving an eternal doubt.

geographical position

The site of Xiangxiong kingdom in the Ministry of culture is located in qiongzong, not far from Wenbu Township Office in naqunima County, where a large number of sites are the capital of Xiangxiong. It's about 100 kilometers from NIMA to Wenbu Township, about 3 hours' drive. Wenbu township government is located next to dangqiongcuo, where the lake is as green as emerald. This beautiful plateau lake is the same vast ancient lake as dangreyongcuo one million years ago. Due to the dry climate and the continuous decline of water level, the lake area is divided into two parts. From danggongcuo southbound to dangreyongcuo, we are marching in the lake bottom world.

Dangraeyongcuo, near qiongzong, is the most important sacred lake for Benbo believers. Yuben temple, a temple built in a cliff cave, is said to be the oldest temple of Yongzhong Benjiao. The incense is still strong. Qiongzong is located in the west of the middle section of Daguo mountains. The large-scale ruins group is backed by Daguo snow mountain, which is very magnificent as the capital of the kingdom. The site covers an area of 1 square kilometer. The herdsmen's tents in northern Tibet can be found nearby at any time. The grassland nearby has the beautiful scenery of "cattle and sheep are low in the wind".

Site features

Qiongzong is about 20 kilometers away from Wenbu Township Office. It is located in the west of the middle part of Daguo mountains. There is a large area of ruins about 1 square kilometers, which is the site of Xiangxiong kingdom. The mountain wall along the road of the site is the natural fortification of the palace, and some areas are rammed with cobblestone interlayer. The top is relatively flat, and there are a large number of trenches, dark road remains.

Chinese PinYin : Xiang Xiong Wang Guo Yi Zhi