Yan Wenjiang Temple

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Yan Wenjiang Temple

Yan Wenjiang temple, also known as Lingquan temple and Shunde lady temple, is located at the south foot of Fenghuang Mountain in the southwest of Boshan District, Shandong Province. It was built in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (557 AD), the first year of Tang Tianbao (742 AD), the eighth year of song Xining (1075 AD), and the eleventh year of Qing Kangxi (1672 AD). In the spring and summer of 1993, it was renovated and reconstructed. Ten groups of statues of the legend of Yan Wenjiang were molded with sound, light and electric functions. The characters of the hall were reconstructed, the stone steps were rebuilt, the southern road was rebuilt, flowers and plants were planted, the bell tower was added, and the decoration was completed The teahouse covers an area of more than 3660 square meters. Yan Wenjiang temple is one of the only three wooden buildings in the Tang Dynasty. The whole building has strict rules, golden and jade, gorgeous and simple, beautiful and vigorous, which fully reflects the high wisdom and architectural skills of the ancient working people.

On May 25, 2006, as an ancient building from Yuan Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, Yan Wenjiang temple was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Evolution of construction

Yan Wenjiang temple is located two kilometers south of Boshan City, in xishentou village, Shantou Town, the southern foot of Fenghuang mountain. The temple used to be called Yan temple, Lingquan temple, also known as Shunde lady temple. They are named after the story of Yan Wenjiang yuan, the filial wife of Qi State, who took a new spring to serve his mother-in-law and moved the gods. The spring flows into the room and converges into a river. According to Qi Cheng, the ancestral hall of Yan Wenjiang, the filial wife of Qi, was built in Zhou Dynasty, and even more in Tianbao period of Tang Dynasty The temple has been maintained for several times in song, yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China. In 1981, the provincial, municipal and District People's governments allocated 250000 yuan to renovate and renovate, basically restoring the style and features of the national ancient buildings. It is now a key cultural relic protection unit of the city.

architectural composition

The temple is divided into Mountain Gate, incense Pavilion, main hall, bedroom hall, East and West veranda. A total of 73. There are 34 main buildings. Most of the existing buildings are of Ming Dynasty style. The total area of the ancestral temple is about 2000 square meters.

The gate building of Yan Wenjiang ancestral hall is vermilion and decorated with animal rings. It is a bucket arch building with one cocked, two raised and five stepped. It is extremely spectacular. There are male and female stone lions on both sides of the gate. The male step on the ball and the female step on the lion. The base is carved with the word "Xing". It is 108 cm high, 48 cm high, 47 cm wide and 73 cm long. The two lions gaped at each other. It's exquisitely shaped and looks like life.

There is also a fragrant Pavilion in the temple, which is an octagonal, wind chime, cornice and Dougong building, exquisite and elegant. On both sides of the stele, the turtle falls the dragon's head. The walls of the pavilion are made of green bricks and fine stones. It is 7 meters high, 3.95 meters wide and 3.6 meters long.

In the center of the front of the hall, there is a stone square pool seven meters long on each side, about three meters deep. Water gushed out of his Highness's culvert and into the pool. The water quality is very clear. It flows from the tap of the pool through the tunnel and flows into the Xiaofu river. In recent years, the water level has dropped and the pool has dried up. In 1981, the government allocated funds to re carve the stone fence pillars, use artificial pipes, and recycle water from the pool, basically restoring the original appearance.

There are nine main halls, about 15 meters high. The surface is wide and the depth is deep. The beam frame on the top of the hall is different from the general methods of Ming and Qing Dynasties, or "no beam hall". Under the eaves, the five steps of the bucket arch are heavy, the eaves are far-reaching, the horn bells are hanging in the air, the five spines and six beasts, and the green tiles and vermilion stones. The style is simple and profound, and it is full of national characteristics.

In the main hall, there is a stone carving of "rain bamboo" painted by Wu Jingjun, wife of Yang Chunzhe, magistrate of Boshan County in Qing Dynasty. Calligraphy and painting show is vigorous, natural and unrestrained, attracting literati. It is a treasure among the cultural relics in the district.

According to the records of Qingzhou Prefecture in the 44th year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1565), "Yan Wenjiang is the successor of Yanzi. At the beginning, he hired the Li family, and his husband died. He was sympathetic to the loss of his aunt. He took a new spring for his aunt. Chenggan God, spring indoor, Gu hair its cage, water into a river. Thus came the theory of "collecting cages". Ancient books such as Yu Di Zhi written by Gu Ye Wang of the Southern Dynasty and Taiping Huan Yu Ji of the Song Dynasty all record this story.

In order to commemorate Yan Wenjiang's filial piety, Boshan was called "Yan Shen" in ancient times, also known as "Yan Shan", water was also known as "Xiaoshui", township was also known as "Xiaofu", society was also known as "Xiaogan".

The stone tablet beside the pool in the ancestral hall says: "Xiaofu river is famous since ancient times, and the spring is more profound. How to absorb the rain and wash the world of filial piety. "

brief introduction

Yan Wenjiang temple, also known as Lingquan temple, Shunde lady temple, local people commonly known as the temple. Located in the southern foot of Fenghuang (North Shentou village, Shantou Town, Boshan District, Zibo City, Shandong Province). The temple is 64 meters long from the north to the South and 61 meters wide from the east to the West. There are 73 main halls, including Mountain Gate, incense Pavilion, main hall, east-west veranda and bedroom hall, with a construction area of 1324 square meters. The gate, facing south, is 11 meters wide and 6 meters deep. Xie peak, single eaves glazed tile, both front and back of Dou Gong, hanging on the door "Yan Wenjiang Temple" plaque, running script Yin Wen, is a famous Chinese calligrapher Shu Tong in the autumn of 1982. There is a pair of stone lions on both sides of the mountain gate. There are three inlaid beams on the top of the gate: "Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty 34 years old, Yichou in June, Jidan, Zhongshu, jiangjinchang reconstruction", "Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty 8 years old, Wuzi Guiyue, Jidan reconstruction" and "September 1982 reconstruction".

The front door of the courtyard has a double eaves and a four corner incense Pavilion, which is a place for people to carry incense. It is 8.5 meters high, 5.1 meters long and 4.7 meters wide. Xieshan has double eaves. The back wall and the bottom of both sides are stone foundation, with blue brick in the middle. The doors and windows are all carved with vermilion wood. The layout is harmonious and exquisite.

The central part of the front courtyard is Lingquan, the main source of Xiaofu river. It is a 7.5-meter square, 3 meters deep, surrounded by animal stone fence. There is a stone tablet beside the spring, which says: "Xiaofu river is famous since ancient times, and Quantou school is more profound. Why should we go for the rain and wash the world of filial piety. Now the spring has dried up and is replaced by an artificial spring water circulation pool.

The center of the front courtyard is the main hall, commonly known as "Wuliang hall". It is the main building of Yan Wenjiang temple, with a width of 13 meters, a depth of 14.5 meters and a height of about 15 meters. Xieshan, single eaves Dougong, wooden structure, covered with glazed tiles. In front of the hall, there is a wooden winding corridor under the eaves, and the eaves are decorated with colored paintings. On the top beam of the hall, there are three inlaid beams: "the governor of Jindan in September of the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, the reconstruction of sun Tingquan, the Minister of Shandong Province, and Zhao Banxi, the censor of Shandong Province", "the reconstruction of Heyue, the second son of the Republic of China in his thirtieth year, and" the overhaul in 1982 ". The two verandas in the front yard are of the hard mountain style, with 5 wide faces and 1 deep depth. There is also a beam of inscription in the original Hall: "in the 57th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, Jiang Jinchang rebuilt the Zhongshu section.".

Local legend has it that Yan Wenjiang, the filial wife of Qi, and her father-in-law, took a mountain spring from afar, moved the gods from the cold and heat, and the spring flowed into a river from the room. When Wen Jiang died, he became a God in the local grass Temple. Later generations built a temple here in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, namely Yan Wen Jiang temple. The temple was rebuilt in the fifth year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty, expanded in the eighth year of Xining in the Song Dynasty, and rebuilt in the yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China. Approved by the people's Government of Shandong Province in 1965, it was listed as a key cultural relics protection unit at the provincial level. Since 1981, the state and local governments have twice allocated more than 400000 yuan for repair. Now it is the site of the cultural relics management office of Boshan District and the Zibo Ceramic Museum.

Covering an area of more than 3660 square meters, the temple is composed of Mountain Gate, incense Pavilion, main hall, bedroom hall, earth temple, fire god temple, Sangong temple, Wangye temple, Gongpo hall, yeniang hall, Guogong temple, Baizi hall and east-west two verandas. There are four courtyards with 83 houses on the left and right, with a total building area of 1368.34 square meters.

history

Yan Wenjiang temple has a history of more than 1400 years. According to Qi Cheng of Yuan Dynasty, Yan Wenjiang temple was built in the Later Zhou Dynasty (557-581 A.D.) and in the fifth year of Tianbao of Tang Dynasty (764 A.D.). In Song Dynasty, Yan Wenjiang was attached to Yan Hui as the descendant of Fusheng Yan Hui. In the eighth year of Xining reign, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty granted Yan Wenjiang the title of "Shunde lady" and granted Lingquan temple as the forehead. The temple was expanded and rebuilt in successive dynasties. The existing buildings are typical of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and were repaired in 1984. The TV series Wusong, Songjiang, gengniang and bixuezhuguang were filmed in the temple.

The origin of the name

There is a beautiful legend about the origin of Yan Wenjiang. It is said that in the Zhou Dynasty, a family surnamed Guo lived at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain and married a beautiful daughter-in-law Yan Wenjiang. Shortly after the marriage, her husband died. Yan Wenjiang, a hardworking and kind-hearted man, took up the burden of the whole family, serving his elderly father-in-law and raising his younger sister-in-law. At that time, there was a great shortage of water resources here, and her mother-in-law liked to make tea with clear spring water, Every day, Yan Wenjiang went over the mountains and back more than 30 Li mountain road to shimazhuang to bring spring water for her mother-in-law. Hearing this, Taishan's mother was dubious, and became an old man on horseback waiting for Wenjiang on the road to test her filial piety. When Wenjiang carried water to the old man, the old man asked her to give him water to drink horses. Wenjiang promised to drink horse in the second bucket. "The old man" asked her why. She replied, "I drank the last bucket of water, and the first bucket of water was for my mother-in-law.". Deeply moved by Wenjiang's filial piety, Taishan's mother gave Wenjiang the horsewhip and told her to hang it in the water urn. Whenever she used water, she would have it. But if she put forward the water urn, it would flood. Wenjiang was very grateful. She took the horsewhip home and did it. It was really effective, and the water quality was more pleasant. Wenjiang was very happy, so she carefully covered the water urn with a silk cage and was ready to use it at any time. After a while, Wenjiang's mother-in-law said to her

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