Shenhuwan marine ancient forest heritage Nature Reserve

Fujian Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve of submarine ancient forest relics

synonym

Shenhu Bay Marine ancient forest heritage nature reserve generally refers to Fujian Shenhu Bay Marine ancient forest heritage National Nature Reserve

Fujian Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve of submarine ancient forest relics and Fujian Shenhuwan submarine ancient forest relics was approved by the State Council in 1992 as a national nature reserve. It is located in Shenhu Town, Jinjiang City, Fujian Province, which is known as the "Golden Lion of the sea". It aims to protect the submarine ancient forest more than 7500 years ago and the ancient oyster reef heritage of 9000-25000 years ago It is a national marine nature reserve with typical geology and geomorphology of the coastal zone as the main content, and the main protected objects are the ancient forest and oyster reef relics. It is of great value to study the paleogeography, paleoplants, paleoclimate and sea land changes of 20000 years ago.

Historical evolution

In 1986, the remains of the submarine ancient forest in Shenhu Bay, Fujian Province, were discovered for the first time.

In October 1992, the marine ancient forest remains in Shenhu Bay were listed as the National Nature Reserve of marine ancient forest remains in Shenhu Bay, Fujian Province.

geographical environment

position

Fujian Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve is located in the south coast of Jinjiang City, Fujian Province, adjacent to the Taiwan Strait in the East.

Geology and geomorphology

Shizhen coastal metamorphic rock landform in Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve of submarine ancient forest relics in Fujian Province: Shichuan metamorphic rock area is a part of the famous Pingtan Nanao metamorphic belt. Because of its suitable geographical location and favorable geomorphic position, it can be completely preserved and clearly displayed the long geological evolution process of Early Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic as well as the complex dynamic and thermal metamorphism, making it the best place to study the structural belt. In addition, due to the long-term effect of wave and sand, the metamorphic rock area has formed a variety of coastal geomorphological phenomena, such as wave erosion cave, wind erosion niche, wind rock, pictograph and so on, which has great scientific research value and is also a rare science education base.

There are many types of coastal landscapes, such as sandy coast, red soil coast and Bedrock Coast, in Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve. From Shenhu Bay to weitoujiao, a series of arc-shaped bays with good sand quality and suitable slope alternate with bedrock headlands, which is unique.

hydrology

Jinjiang Shenhuwan National Geopark is located on the southeast coast of Jinjiang River. From Yongning of Shishi to Yakou and Shenhu of Jinjiang River, it forms a beautiful bay with several kilometers of beach.

climate

Fujian Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve of submarine ancient forest remains belongs to the humid climate zone of south subtropical zone. The average annual temperature is 20-21 ℃, the average temperature in January is 11.9 ℃, the average temperature in July is 28.2 ℃, the average annual sunshine is 2130 hours, and the average annual rainfall is 911-1231 mm.

soil

Typical marine eroded lateritic rocks, pebble beach rocks and fine sand dunes in modern accumulation, as well as unique, typical, well exposed and diverse marine altered rocks that can show the long geological evolution of Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic in Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve, Fujian Province.

Regional scope

The geographical coordinates of Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve are 118 ° 34 ′ 18 ″～ 118 ° 40 ′ 54 ″ e, 24 ° 30 ′ 49 ″～ 24 ° 41 ′ 27 ″ n, north to Longhu Yakou, South to ancient forest relics of National Nature Reserve, east to Taiwan Strait, with a total area of 31 square kilometers, of which the core area is 2 square kilometers.

Protection target

The main protected objects of Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve are the submarine ancient forest.

Submarine ancient forest

Fujian Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve of submarine ancient forest remains Fujian Shenhuwan submarine ancient forest remains was designated as a national nature reserve by the State Council in 1992. Located in the middle of the west coast of Taiwan Strait, the famous Pingtan Nan'ao metamorphic belt, and the Shenhu Bay at the southeast end of Jinjiang Peninsula, Fujian Province, the Shenhu Bay Marine ancient forest heritage nature reserve mainly focuses on the protection of geological landscapes such as ancient tree stump relics 7500 years ago, Shizhen coastal metamorphic rock area, old red sand distribution area and coastal sand dunes.

The submarine ancient forest remains found in Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve of Fujian Province are mainly distributed in the intertidal zone 100m-200m away from the coast, usually about 2-3m deep. They are distributed in three areas, and more than 60 trees have been found. The original upright state was well preserved. According to the identification of South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Agricultural University and Institute of geography, Fujian Normal University and other units, these submarine ancient forest relics are mainly composed of gymnosperms, such as Keteleeria oleifera, mixed with Gleditsia sinensis, mulberry, South Asian pine and other genera and species. According to the 14C isotopic ages of several varieties, the ages range from 6761 ± 193 to 7620 ± 130 years ago.

In Fuji Bay and Yujin of Japan, the ancient seafloor forests of Populus tomentosa and Cryptomeria fortunei have been found respectively, which have been listed as international natural relics. There are only four red poplar trees, about 8000 years ago, and only a dozen Cryptomeria fortunei trees, about 2000 years ago. The age, scale and quantity of Keteleeria glyptostroboides in Shenhu Bay are similar to those in China. The real value of Shenhu Bay Marine ancient forest heritage Nature Reserve will gradually be recognized by the world and become a valuable natural and historical heritage of mankind.

Remains of ancient oyster reef

Ancient oyster reef remains: cemented by oyster shells of different sizes, distributed in the south of gushuzhuangzhong area, about 100 meters apart. The reef is about 500m long, 300m wide and 20-40cm thick. According to the analysis of the shell, the oysters are mainly Crassostrea gigas, Crassostrea Sanguinalis and Crassostrea rivieri, which are directly attached to the bedrock and present as original and upright, with two petals and preserved completely. According to 14C dating, it grew in the late Pleistocene, 25000-9000 years ago. According to the 14C ages measured by Guangzhou Institute of geography, the third Institute of Oceanography, Institute of archaeology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Department of archaeology, Peking University, most of the samples are in the range of 20000-15000 years ago. Therefore, the growth age of the large area of ancient oysters in Shenhu Bay can be traced back to 25000-9000 years ago and the last glacial maximum of late Pleistocene.

Management measures

The management organization of Fujian Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve is Shenhuwan Nature Reserve Management Office. The municipal government is responsible for the unified leadership, planning, construction and management of Fujian Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve to protect the natural environment and natural resources. The specification of the mechanism is equivalent to that of the deputy department. The management office consists of three departments: Comprehensive Department, scientific research department and supervision department. The organization specification is at the level of deputy department. The authorized establishment is 12, including 1 Director (deputy department level), 1 deputy director (section level) and 3 deputy section level posts.

The administrative office of Fujian Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve for submarine ancient forest relics implements relevant national laws, regulations, guidelines and policies, and formulates various management systems and measures for the implementation of the reserve, To protect and manage the reserve in an all-round way; to work out the overall construction and development plan of the reserve and organize its implementation after being approved by the municipal government; to investigate the natural resources of the reserve and set up files and organize environmental monitoring; and; To organize or assist relevant departments to carry out scientific research in the reserve, to carry out academic exchanges and cooperation activities at home and abroad; to organize the appropriate development of tourism and other industries in the reserve in accordance with the planning requirements on the premise of not affecting the natural environment and natural resources; to carry out science popularization.

Development and utilization

Tourism information

Shenhuwan National Nature Reserve is located on the southeast coast of Jinjiang River. From Yongning of Shishi to Yakou of Jinjiang River and Shenhu, it forms a beautiful bay with several kilometers of beach. Along the coast, cultural and natural attractions such as the national Shenhu ancient forest nature reserve, general Shi Lang memorial hall, Zhenhai palace, Longquan palace, Daogong palace and beacon tower on Yandun mountain are set off.

Shizhen coastal metamorphic rock

Shichuan metamorphic rock area is located in a suitable geographical location and favorable geomorphic position, so it can completely preserve and clearly show the long geological evolution process of Early Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic and the complex dynamic and thermal metamorphism, making it the best place to study the structural belt. In addition, due to the long-term effect of wave and sand, the metamorphic rock area has formed a variety of coastal geomorphological phenomena, such as wave erosion cave, wind erosion niche, wind rock, pictograph and so on, which has great scientific research value and is also a rare science education base.

The geological landscape of Dazhen mountain has two characteristics: one is the unique and complex rock mass; the other is that these rocks have experienced a long and complex geological evolution process.

The rocks are blue gray, ochre red, brown yellow and gray white, which is due to the different compositions of crystalline schist, plagioclase amphibolite, granulite and linear granulite

Chinese PinYin : Shen Hu Wan Hai Di Gu Sen Lin Yi Ji Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu