Shun cultivates the mountain

Dali mountain

synonym

Shungeng mountain (Anhui scenic spot) generally refers to Dali mountain

Dali mountain, also known as Shun Geng mountain, is located in Yaodu Town, Dongzhi County. It is said that this mountain was cultivated by Emperor Shun, the source of Dongzhi culture and the root of history. Yaodu River, named after Emperor Yao's boat to Dali mountain to visit Shun, is called "Yaoshun cultural scenic spot".

Dali mountain is called "Lishan" because a palm shaped peak rises abruptly from the wavy hills and plunges into the sky. Set "Yao and Shun ruins, Buddhist culture, karst landscape" in a mountain. Dali mountain was approved as Anhui provincial scenic spot in 1998, and was rated as national AAA scenic spot the next year.

The main peak of Dali mountain is 372 meters above sea level. In the second year of emperor Zhenzong of Tang Dynasty, caogui temple, Yinlong temple and Zhenren temple were built at the northern foot of Dali mountain. In the Ming Dynasty, Yao and Shun Ci poems were built. Today, they are preserved in fazang temple, Yao pool, Shun well, Yao and shun wangjiangtai, Yao rest stone, Shun cultivated land and other cultural sites and historical monuments. There are six famous caves in Dali mountain: Fuhu cave, duiyun cave, Bagong cave, Bailong cave and Yanzi cave. The bell and breast are hanging in the cave, and the shape is strange.

Historical legend

The mountain is not high, but immortal is famous. It is said that Emperor Shun first cultivated here in ancient times, and his reputation is far-reaching. Emperor Yao came to visit him and asked him to go down the mountain to assist the government. Shun refused and left in anger. After Emperor Yao repeatedly entreated, Shun felt his sincerity and went out to manage politics. In memory of Emperor Yao and Shun, later generations devoted themselves to the pursuit of virtue. The mountain was ordered to be "Shungengshan", and the place where Emperor Yao crossed the river was called "Yaodu" (Yaodu town). "Lishan Yize" has been one of the eight scenic spots in the county since it was built in the East. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Taoists and Buddhists came here to build temples and ancestral temples. Countless literati came to visit the county, recite poems, write Fu, and express their feelings. Among the thousands of poems, Fan Zhongyan, a politician and literary farmer of the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "Shun Temple" well: "it is as majestic and good as the sun for all ages; Yu Zhongping Jishui, and Shun Zai Zhi The wind blows; the universe bows to heaven and earth outside the river and the sea; the villagers don't know this, and Xiao Gu thanks Nianfeng. " Later generations named Shunchi, a dry stone pond in front of Daozhen temple, as "Shunchi". With the change of events for the first thousand years, xunzhen temple, caogui temple and shunci temple have long been abandoned, but yaochi and Shunchi are still recorded in historical records. Today, there is a fazang temple on the mountain. It is not recorded in detail when it was built. The temple has a grand structure. It is divided into two main halls, one in front and the other in back. The middle is connected by squatters. The total construction area is more than 1000 square meters. It is magnificent with painted pillars, carved beams, double eaves and flying corners. There are more than 10 monks and nuns living in the hall. All day long, Buddhist lanterns are shining and cigarettes are winding around. Every year, more than 10000 pilgrims are received.

After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Taoists and Buddhists came here to build temples. They successively built Yao temple, Shun temple, xunzhenguan temple, caogui temple and other temples to worship the statues of Yao and shun. There is a fazang temple on the mountain. There are more than 10 monks and nuns in the temple. All day long, the Buddhist lamps are shining high and the cigarettes are winding around. Every year, more than 100000 pilgrims are received. In 1998, Dali mountain was approved as a provincial scenic spot.

Chizhou Fu Zhi praises it: "kuanglu in the south, Jiangzhu in the west, is the most outstanding." in fact, Lishan is not high, with an altitude of 372 meters. It is neither as magnificent as Mount Jiuhua nor as magnificent as Mount Tianzhu. But Lishan has an extraordinary history. It is said that in ancient times, Yushun traveled all the way from the north. He saw the palm shaped mountain with luxuriant trees, abundant forests and bamboo shadows. In front of the mountain, there were farmland, beside rivers and lakes, which could be cultivated, fished and potted, so he settled down here. He not only taught the local people to learn agriculture, fish and pottery, but also knelt on the ground and cried to heaven every day, sharing the blame for his parents and taking the blame for himself Shun's filial piety moved heaven, and his fame spread far and wide. After hearing this, Emperor Yao, who was far away in the north, traveled across mountains and rivers and visited Shun in the south. He went to Lishan several times and asked him to go down the mountain to assist him. Later, he resolutely passed on the throne to shun, who was 50 years old at that time. After succeeding to the throne, Shun lived up to the expectations of the public, overcame the obstacles, cured the wind, and eliminated the floods, which opened up the prosperity of "Yao Tian and Shun Di".

In addition to human legends and Buddhist culture, Dali mountain also has a unique cave landscape to be developed. In this regard, there are many records in ancient books, as well as many poems of praise left by scholars. It was recorded in Dongliu county annals in the 23rd year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty that "there is Shun City in the west of the mountain, Shun well in the east of the mountain, and xunzhenguan and caogui nunnery on the mountain. There are two pools in parallel. In front of the temple is shuitianchi, which is very dry and does not dry up. In an temple, the former is called hantianchi, which is very rainy and does not accumulate. The stone is named Xianzhang. There are traces on the stone, such as palm traces. In the view, there are lion stones, shaped like a lion. To the right of the front of the temple are tiger cave, Bagong cave and Bailong Cave (also known as Yinlong cave). After the temple is Wangjiang stone (also known as wangjiangtai). Next to it is Qianlong temple, which is the best place to visit. " The ancients have a poem that says: "the cave has a long history, the Dragon sleeps day by day; the vine often hinders the moon, the stone pillar lifts the sky; the ancient seal moss erodes, the new spring drips; the cloud should be able to sing cicadas on the highest peak.".

Features of scenic spots

There are several caves on the Lishan Mountain. There are five famous caves, which are called duiyun, Yanzi, Ruo, Bagong and Bailong (also called Yinlong). These caves have been visited by tens of millions of pilgrims from ancient times to modern times. Despite the difficulties and dangers, pilgrims have been wandering by candlelight, leaving behind thousands of poems. Wang Zhilian of the Qing Dynasty wrote the poem "you Yin Long Dong", which says, "the mountain cave is far away, and the gate of God sleeps steadily; the vine often hinders the moon, and the stone pillar lifts itself; the moss of the ancient seal script is eroded, and the new spring drips; the cloud is due to meet, and Teng Fu is the highest peak." Among the five caves, duiyun cave and Swallow Cave are larger. At the entrance of duiyun cave, there are lots of stones, such as duiyun. In the cave, there are lots of stalactites, such as a palace lantern, a peach, a bamboo shoot or a giant bell. The shape of the milk stone in Swallow Cave is peculiar, which is very similar to that of artificial carving. Some are like lions playing with balls, some are like rolling noses, some are like golden roosters standing alone, and some are like horses raising their hooves and uncanny craftsmanship, which is amazing. If these caves are decorated artificially, they will certainly make people intoxicated.

The natural scenery of Lishan is also very beautiful. On the mountain, there are many strange stones and pictographs, such as lion roar stone, Youlong stone and Xianzhang stone, lifelike human shaped stone, animal shaped stone and bird shaped stone, as well as skillful stones like flags, screens and stone forest. The mountains are covered with green trees,

A hundred birds are singing harmoniously. It's like a fairyland. Destructed opium, as the predecessors said, "no, it is not clear that the road is rough, and the river is cold, and the dense trees are selling clouds." Mao Shi is called a Wangjiang stone (also called Wangjiang Terra), standing on the stone, raising four eyes, and the Yangtze River is like a jade belt, with a little bit of sail, a distant mountain like clouds, and a mountain near brocade. The beautiful country scene is beautiful.

Local customs

overview

Chizhou opera is located in Chizhou, south of the Yangtze River, with beautiful scenery and long history. Ancient Nuo dance (Nuo opera), Qingyang opera and Mulian opera all breed and multiply here, and occupy an important position in the development history of Chinese drama. Here is a brief introduction

Nuo opera and Nuo dance in Guichi

Guichi Nuo opera and Nuo dance are ancient ceremonial art forms with clan as the performance unit, with the purpose of inviting gods to worship ancestors, praying for good weather and peace of the country and the people, and characterized by wearing masks. They are an indispensable part of ancient folk sacrifice (land sacrifice) activities. Therefore, it has accumulated and accumulated various religious (including witchcraft, Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism) cultures and folk arts, especially opera culture, from ancient times to modern times, thus forming its own artistic character in repertoire, tune, performance and so on. According to the records of Chizhou Fu Zhi written by Jiajing of Ming Dynasty, it was popular in Chizhou as early as before the middle of Ming Dynasty. So far, there are still performances during the Spring Festival. Guichi Nuo opera has been inherited from generation to generation under the condition of small-scale peasant economy. It has no communication with each other and is rarely influenced by foreign art. It still maintains the simple style of song Zaju and Gunan opera. Experts and scholars both at home and abroad believe that it is of great value in the study of historical data of traditional Chinese opera. Therefore, it is known as "living fossil of traditional Chinese opera".

Qingyang tune

It was produced in Qingyang County, a famous Buddhist resort at the foot of Jiuhua Mountain, during the Jiajing and Wanli periods (1573-1620) of the Ming Dynasty. It is a kind of opera tune popular in Chizhou area, also known as "Chizhou tune". It is based on the collection of the essence of Yuyao, Yiyang and the local Buddhist music, folk songs and local opera. With the advantage of "rolling tune", it was popular in the north and south of the river. With the spread of Shitai and Taiping Liyuan troupe, it has traveled all over Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shandong, Fujian and other provinces, enjoying the reputation of "north and South fashion, Huichi elegant tune". It has an important position in the history of Chinese opera. After Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty, influenced by the war, Qingyang tune became increasingly popular in the local area. Only part of the tunes survived in Nuo opera, Mulian opera, Yuexi Gaoqiang in Jiangxi Province and Hukou Gaoqiang in Jiangxi Province.

Mulian Opera

It is an ancient folk opera in China, which mainly performs the story of "Mu Lian monk saving his mother and persuading kindness". It has a long history. According to historical records, the role of Mulian appeared in the Tang Dynasty. Meng Yuanlao of the Northern Song Dynasty described the grand occasion of "Mulian saving his mother" drama staged in the capital at that time in "menghualu of Tokyo".

At the beginning of Wanli period in Ming Dynasty, Zheng Zhizhen, a Qimen man, performed in Shanxi (now Shitai) of Guichi. According to the folk performance book, it was compiled into three volumes of "the story of persuading the good" and premiered in Guichi. Each troupe competed to perform in its own tune (Yuyao, Yiyang, Taiping, Qingyang, all known as Gaoqiang), thus forming Mulian troupes with different performance styles all over the country.

Before liberation, there were many folk troupes in Mulian opera in Guichi, also known as "huachui", whose tone is different from that of Mulian opera in Nanling.

Surrounding scenic spots

Chinese PinYin : Shun Geng Shan