Chateau de Chateau

Chateau de Chateau

Shahelek feudal manor is located in the territory of shahelek (Zawa) Township, Moyu county. It is the manor site of maimaitikhan and Jiahe, a serf owner in feudal society.

Introduction to the manor

Xiaheleke feudal manor has a total area of 20000 square meters, a courtyard area of 10000 square meters, a building area of 3000 square meters, a height of 4 meters, a single floor and 110 rooms. The feudal manor of shahelek consists of three parts. In front of the manor is a large garden and a large orchard with several tens of acres of land. The house of the feudal manor of shahelek is majestic and grand, with many large and small rooms including a hall, a male living room, a female living room, a bedroom and several double doors. There are also nearly 100 rooms, such as kitchens, grain houses, stables, stockyards, pigeon houses, oil mills, etc., in which serf owners specially torture serfs The hall, the hoop and other instruments of torture, as well as the court and prison. The walls, doors and windows of the mansion are exquisitely carved, and the interior display is luxurious. They formed a unique ruling system by integrating political power, clan power and religious power. Xiaheleke feudal manor is located in fine soil oasis belt of alluvial fan of karakashi River, with good water and soil conditions, beautiful natural environment and organic combination of forest belt, strip field and road.

Shahelek feudal manor is a product of feudal society. It was built by serf owners maimaimaitikhan and Jiaben at the beginning of this century. It is a typical representative of the dark and barbaric serfdom. It has an important historical reference value for the study of modern history, politics, religion and serfdom system in Hotan area.

Protection unit

Xiaheleke feudal landlord manor is a cultural relic protection unit at the autonomous region level. It is located in Zawa Township, 16 kilometers southwest of Moyu county. Before liberation, it maintained a typical semi feudal and semi slavery society, In the early days of liberation, the central minority investigation group organized relevant experts and scholars to conduct a serious investigation here. Up to now, foreign scholars have conducted special research on the feudal landlords' manor of shahelek.

The embodiment of rule

In a long historical period before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the feudal landlords' manor of shahelek integrated political power, clan power and religious power, forming a unique ruling system. On the one hand, xiahelek is close to Gobi desert and on the other hand, it is close to Moyu oasis. The feudal landlord's manor of shahelek was the manor owner of 15 Hujia, who lied to the masses that the bones of Hujia were white, the "white aristocrat" and the bones of slaves were black, so they should be oppressed. Hujia claimed that his ancestral home was in Arabia. When they said that his ancestors were going to travel eastward, Allah signaled that the place where the cane grew its branches and leaves was your place of residence. So their ancestors walked all the way eastward on crutches, and there was no change. When he came to moyuzawa, he put his walking stick on the ground to worship. When he explained, he put "Sailan" (white cloth wrapped around his head) on the walking stick. The walking stick actually grew branches, which pushed up "Sailan". So this place began to be called shahelek, which means growing branches. It is similar to many legends, but it makes people obediently obey the rule of Hujia.

The 15 Hujia households occupy more than 80% of the land in shahelk. They say that the sky and the earth in shaheluke belong to Hujia, even the birds in the sky. Hujia lives in a high manor in the center, surrounded by low earth houses or bunkers, or stables where serfs or slaves live. When Hujia's children get married, they have to find people in Hujia's family. Hujia is not only the head of the clan, but also the head of the family education, and the "Burke" (local magistrate) granted by the government Official). Under each Hujia there were a number of serfs (divided into whole peasants and half peasants) and slaves, supervised by the housekeeper appointed by Hujia (called aksakali).

Hujia's economic exploitation was quite serious. The whole peasants took a share of land, a handful of Khartoum and a bag, and gave it to Hujia when they harvested it. Hujia rewarded them with a ration. Half of the farmers were cut in half. The serfs also had to undertake all kinds of labor, taxes, religious food and the task of reclaiming wasteland. The slaves had a personal attachment to Hujia, and the slave's children were slaves, so Hujia drove the trade at will. In spring, Hujia sent eggs to serfs and collected chickens according to the number of eggs in autumn; in spring, he sent silkworm eggs and raw silk in autumn; in spring, he sent lambs and collected fur and meat in autumn. Hujia spent all day drinking, and the serfs could only live half a year with mulberry and half a year with grain.

Hujia shows nobility everywhere. Uygur women in Xinjiang usually add "Han" to their names, such as ayimhan and patamuhan. But in shahelek, huga thinks that "Khan" is the supreme word, which can only be owned by himself. Therefore, Hujia's name is decorated with "Khan", such as maimaitili Khan, yehaiya Khan and so on. Ordinary women can't be called "sweat". The serfs of shahelek could only harm people without wearing black and white clothes or any other colors. Serfs, slaves, such as on the road to see huga come. Must let open the way, standing on the roadside, bending over, to hand chest, drooping eyes. And so on.

The 15 Hujia families are basically related to each other, with four of the largest. Maimaitikhan, the richest man, claimed to be a priest and died of fright in 1949. Ahemati Khan was a dictator with a lot of blood and debt. After the people's Liberation Army, he was suppressed in the process of rent reduction and anti hegemony. Turxun Khan, known as an enlightened man, often traveled to India to do business and then settled abroad. Yehaiyahan, one of the 15 Hujia middle schools, was still alive. After liberation, he put down the airs of being respectable and began to work. Most of the 15 feudal manors were demolished in the 1950s, and the existing one is turxun Khan manor. Because he often went abroad, he made the manor exquisite. Now a set of summer guest rooms are preserved, including a cool room, a sutra room, a male living room and a female living room. Winter suites were also demolished in the 1950s. His garden is a garden with several rare trees in Hotan, such as Platanus acerifolia, cypress, Gleditsia sinensis, Xanthoceras sorbifolia, etc. He is particular about planting fruit trees, not heavy sample, peach, apricot, pear, mulberry, cherry, plum, etc. The fruit of each tree has a unique flavor. However, as time goes by, although there are many fruit trees in the garden, their appearance is totally different from that of the old days. There is still a site in shahelk, that is, the mosque in front of today's shahelk primary school. This is the chapel where huga prayed for himself at that time. Although the indoor area is only more than 30 square meters, the carved beams and painted buildings are exquisitely built.

present situation

For nearly a century, the color of xiaheleke feudal landlord manor, located in xiaheleke (Zawa) township of Moyu County, is still bright. In particular, several kinds of flowers, fruits and trees carved and painted on the dome are considered by many art workers to be the first discovery in Xinjiang, and they are greatly admired. It covers an area of 20 mu, with towering ancient trees, summer green trees and fragrant fruits. It provides a good place for our county to understand history, feel history, and carry out patriotism and national unity education.

Address: xiaheleke (Zawa) Township, Moyu County

Longitude: 79.595001220703

Latitude: 37.290100097656

Chinese PinYin : Xia He Le Ke Feng Jian Zhuang Yuan