Tuoniang River

Tuoniang River

Tuoniang River, the source of Yujiang River, a tributary of Qianjiang River, is the main stream of Xijiang River in Pearl River system. It starts from the northern foot of Dachong naobao mountain, tingnong village, Liancheng Town, Guangnan County, Yunnan Province, and ends at the confluence of Peiai Town, Funing County, Nama River and puting river

. (a) it ends at the mouth of Xiyang River, Badu Township, Tianlin county

）。 The downstream section of Yujiang River is called Youjiang river. Tuoniang river flows through Guangnan County and Funing County of Yunnan Province and Tianlin county and Xilin County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. With a total length of 180 km, the main tributaries are Lengping River and Xiyang river. The basin covers an area of 11600 square kilometers, with an average annual runoff of 4.09 billion cubic meters. Tuoniang river flows through mountainous areas with narrow riverbed, rapid flow and abundant hydraulic resources. In the old days, it was the golden waterway between Yunnan and Guangxi. Along the river, there are dikes such as Tuhuang, huoliangshan, Nawei and Nabin to divert water and generate electricity. Tuoniang river was named wenxiangshui together with its tributary Xiyang River in the Western Han Dynasty, tongshe River and tuoyang River in the Qing Dynasty. Later, it was renamed Tuoniang river. It is said that nongzhigao in the Northern Song Dynasty crossed the river with his mother on his back.

General situation of main stream

Tuoniang River, known as wenxiangshui in the Western Han Dynasty, tongshe River and tuoyang River in the Qing Dynasty, is the upper reach of Yujiang River, a tributary of Qianjiang section of the main stream of Xijiang River in the Pearl River system.

It is said that in the early days of ancient times, a young man went down the mountain to look for water with his mother on his back. After going through all kinds of hardships, when he arrived at the riverside, his mother died of thirst, and the young man jumped into the river and killed himself, so he was named Tuoniang river.

Tuoniang river is located in the northwest of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the border of Yunnan Province. It originates from tingnong village in the northwest of Liancheng Town, Guangnan County, Yunnan Province. The source is called Daliang River, which flows to the northeast to Guangxi. It is called Tuoniang river at first. It flows to the southeast through Xilin County, and flows to Yunnan Province through Badu township of Tianlin County, and ends at Peiai town of Funing County. (a) it ends at the mouth of Xiyang River, Badu Township, Tianlin county

）The total length is 180 km. Its downstream is the Youjiang section of Yujiang River, also known as the headwater section of Youjiang River, belonging to Xijiang River Basin. The main tributaries are Lengping River and Xiyang river. The basin covers an area of 11600 square kilometers, with an average annual runoff of 4.09 billion cubic meters.

In Guangnan County, it is called Daliang River after its source. It flows through Liancheng Town, Dixu Township and Bamei Town, leaving the province from Dixian village and entering Xilin County, Guangxi.

In Xilin County, they enter pingnatun village of Tuhuang village, then turn southeast and run through the hinterland of the county. They flow through Tuhuang, Pingyong, Bada, Puhe, Dahe, dingbeng, nalao, Nabin, Dongjian and other villages, and leave the country near nannongtun village of nalao township. The river is 122.5km wide and 60-70m wide, with a rise of 3M for ordinary rivers and a rise rate of 2M and a drop rate of 1.5m for the maximum diurnal flood. The controlled rainwater collection area at the exit is 3475 square kilometers, including 2135 square kilometers in the county. The general flood flow is 714 cubic meters per second, the low flow is 2 cubic meters per second, and the annual average flow is 33 cubic meters per second.

In Tianlin County, the main stream of nannongtun in Pingna village of Xilin County enters the country. To Ding'an, there is Ding'an Water Turbine Pumping Station in the river. To the southeast, there is Nala village in Fuda Township, and Nala hydropower station in the river. When it flows to Fuda village, it blocks the river and builds a water turbine pumping station of Weihe River (later rebuilt into Fuda Hydropower Station). Then it flows to the southeast, through Badu Yao Township, Naxi Yangjiang, nongwa Yao Township, Dongnong Township and other townships, and into paiai river. In the county, the river is 91.4 km long and the drainage area is 1158 square kilometers.

In Funing County, it flows into Nama River and Gula River (puting River) successively after passing through Peiai town and enters into Peiai river.

hydrographic features

Along the coast of Tianlin County, there are two hydrological stations, Ding'an and Wacun. The hydrological records show that the average annual discharge of Tuoniang river is 135.7 cubic meters per second, the average runoff is 337.8 million cubic meters, and the natural drop is 556 meters. The maximum discharge in wet season is 4270 cubic meters per second (June 25, 1968), the maximum sediment concentration is 21.4 kg per cubic meter, and the minimum discharge in dry season is 5.3 cubic meters per second (March 1963). The difference between flood level and dry water level is 8.8 meters. The river course is tortuous and Sandy.

Tuoniang river flows through mountainous areas with narrow riverbed, rapid flow and abundant hydraulic resources. Rafts can be exiled.

Main tributaries

In Tianlin County, the tributaries are as follows:

Xiyang River, originated from the southern foot of naobao mountain in Dachong, Yunnan Province, enters the county at Nala village, Nabi Township, and flows into Tuoniang river at Baiga (place name). In the county, the river is 28 kilometers long with a drainage area of 507 square kilometers, with an average annual flow of 66.5 cubic meters per second, an average runoff of 209.6 million cubic meters and a natural drop of 400 meters.

Nabi River, a tributary of xiyangjiang River, originates in Funing County, Yunnan Province, flows from north to south. It enters the countryside of Nabi township. Nabi power station is built in nabitun River block, and flows northward to xiyangjiang river. The river in the county is 22 kilometers long, with a drainage area of 188 square kilometers. The average annual flow is 1 cubic meter per second, the average runoff is 55.8 million cubic meters, and the natural drop is 708 meters.

Namen River, also known as Tuolu River, originates from longor township of Longlin County, Guangxi, reaches nongxi village of Jieting Township, and flows into Tuoniang river through Yangrong and namen village to ding'anwei. The river in Tianlin county has a length of 44 km, a drainage area of 114 square kilometers, an average annual flow of 2 cubic meters per second, an average runoff of 33.9 million cubic meters, and a natural drop of 431 meters.

Bazhong river has two upper sources: one is from the east foot of Shapo in Pingtang Township, Tianlin County, Guangxi Province, and the other is from the south foot of pinglibei mountain in BANTAO township. It flows east and west to badatun, converges and turns southeast. It flows through Tongxiang, Pingtang, xingliu, Pingji, Bailong and Bazhong to weihuaitun, Weilong village, where yangu power station is built, The river flows into Tuoniang river at Fuda village, with a total length of 72 kilometers, a drainage area of 571 square kilometers, an average annual flow of 4.87 cubic meters per second, an average runoff of 153.6 million cubic meters, and a natural drop of 606 meters. It is a sandy riverbed.

Lengping River, originated in Maka, longor Township, Southeast of Longlin Autonomous County, flows southward from longor county to Nongjin County, turns southeast, and flows into Tuoniang river near Ding'an Town, Tianlin county. With a total length of 170 km, it is a tributary of Tuoniang River and belongs to Xijiang River Basin. The basin covers an area of 467 square kilometers, with an average annual runoff of 116 million cubic meters, a decrease of 9.7 ‰. It flows through mountainous areas with steep mountains, narrow river bed, rapid water flow and abundant hydraulic resources, but it has no shipping value.

There are 109 streams flowing into Xilin County: nidong River, bayanggou, douhuanggou, dingbenggou, naweigou, nalao River (Xiping River), Nabin ditch, zhemogou, etc.

In Funing County, the tributaries are as follows:

Nama river originates from Huajia Township in the north of Funing County, Yunnan Province. It was called Peijiang River in the period of the Republic of China. After liberation, it was named after Nama field in the middle of the river. From the west to the East, it flows through Nada, Balai, Naha, Nalai, Baida and Zhening to Peiai and meets Tuoniang river. It has a total length of 85 km, an average width of 80 m, a drop of 1004 m, an annual runoff depth of 547.9 mm and an annual runoff of 620 million cubic meters. The water energy reserve is 66000 kilowatts, accounting for 15.43% of the total water energy in the county, and 25.75% can be utilized. The drainage area is 1147.7 square kilometers, accounting for 21.02% of the county.

Puting river is often called Gula River by its downstream reach. Originated in the west of Xinhua Town, Funing County, Yunnan Province, it is named after the confluence of zherlang River and Hongmen River in puting (the place where Funing County is located) and crosses the middle of the county. The upper reaches are from puting through Guichao town to Wenxiang Fuliu, which was called puting river or Guichao River in the Qing Dynasty; the middle reaches are from Wenxiang village to gulalongka village, which is called Jiunong River in the Republic of China and Baiguan River after liberation; the lower reaches are from Longka through Gula to luocunkou of Peiai Town, which is called nanmuxi River in the Ming Dynasty and Gula River after the Qing Dynasty. The total length is 164 km.

General situation of water conservancy

The natural drop of Tuoniang in Linxian section of Jiangxi Province is 307 meters, the usable drop is 181 meters, the theoretical water energy reserve is 135500 kW, and the exploitable capacity is 128600 kW. By the 1990s, 107000 kilowatts had been developed. After 1962, barrages were built successively in Tuhuang, huoliangshan, Nawei and Nabin to divert water and generate electricity, with a total installed capacity of 3250 kW. After the 1970s, due to the sharp decrease of water volume, especially in the dry season, the power stations along the river can hardly generate electricity, which makes the power supply of the whole county difficult.

There is a Baise water control project in the lower reaches of Tuoniang River in Baise, Guangxi, with a total storage capacity of 5.6 billion cubic meters and a water area of 135 square kilometers. It was impounded in August 2005. After impoundment, the river surface of Tuoniang river will become wider and more spectacular. Only Funing reservoir area in Yunnan will form more than 600 kilometers of coastline and 300 kilometers of deep-water channel. From Funing port, 1000 ton ships can directly reach Nanning and Guangzhou And other coastal cities. But the area centered on paiai town will be flooded.

Funing County has developed "tuoniangjiang scenic spot", which is located in Peiai Town, 323 national highway, Funing County, Yunnan Province. It is composed of tuoniangjiang, Guichao and niaowang mountain, with 35 scenic spots, covering an area of 130 square kilometers. Tuoniang river is a national AA tourist area. It is famous for its beautiful, strange, green and secluded features

Chinese PinYin : Tuo Niang Jiang