Yancheng Red Crowned Crane wetland ecotourism area

Yancheng Wetland National Nature Reserve of rare birds in Jiangsu Province

synonym

Yancheng Red Crowned Crane wetland ecotourism area generally refers to Jiangsu Yancheng Wetland rare bird National Nature Reserve

Jiangsu Yancheng Wetland National Nature Reserve (rare birds), also known as Yancheng Biosphere Reserve (Yancheng reserve for short), is located 40km east of Yancheng City, covering five counties (cities) including Xiangshui, Binhai, Sheyang, Dafeng and Dongtai

The geographical coordinates are: 119 ° 53 ′ 45 ″ - 121 ° 18 ′ 12 ″ e, 32 ° 48 ′ 47 ″ - 34 ° 29 ′ 28 ″ n, and the area is 247260 Yancheng Wetland rare bird nature reserve was established in 1983, upgraded to a National Nature Reserve in 1992, and renamed as Yancheng Wetland rare bird National Nature Reserve in 2007. The main protected objects of the reserve are Red Crowned Crane and other rare wild animals and the wetland ecosystem on which they live.

Historical evolution

In February 1983, the people's Government of Jiangsu Province approved the establishment of the provincial coastal beach rare bird nature reserve in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province.

In October 1984, the Reserve Management Office of scientific research institutions was established.

In October 1992, with the approval of the State Council, it was promoted to a National Nature Reserve and renamed as "Yancheng National Rare Bird Nature Reserve of Jiangsu Province".

In November 1992, it was approved as a biosphere reserve by the Coordinating Council of the Commission on man and biosphere of UNESCO and incorporated into the World Biosphere Reserve Network.

In April 1996, he became a member of "Northeast Asia crane protection network".

In November 1999, he became a member of "East Asia Australia wading bird migration network".

In January 2002, it was listed in the Ramsar international important wetland list.

In July 2019, it will be listed as a world natural heritage site and the Yellow Sea (Bohai Sea) migratory bird habitat in China (phase I), with some areas listed.

In February 2007, with the approval of the State Council, the scope of the reserve was adjusted and renamed as Yancheng Wetland National Nature Reserve.

geographical environment

position

The nature reserve is located in Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, with the geographical coordinates of 119 ° 53 ′ 45 ″ - 121 ° 18 ′ 12 ″ E and 32 ° 48 ′ 47 ″ - 34 ° 29 ′ 28 ″ n.

landforms

The tidal flat in Yancheng Nature Reserve is a vast silty muddy coastal plain formed by a large amount of sediment poured into the sea during the period of the Yellow River seizing the Huaihe River, the sediment from the Yangtze River and other rivers, as well as part of the sediment on the bottom of the sea under the action of tidal current and other marine dynamics. The tidal flat is narrow in the north and wide in the south, with a width of 15km. The water sources in the reserve are mainly land water and marine water. The pH value of land water is higher than 7.0, and the salinity is higher. The marine water is mainly affected by tides and storms, and often overflows the Bund of the whole area. The reserve is the main catchment area of Lixiahe river. There are more than 10 rivers, including Guanhe River, Zhongshan River, Biandan port, Sheyang River, Huangsha port, Xinyang port, Doulong port, Wanggang, Zhugang, Chuandong port, Liangduo River and Xingang, crossing the area and entering the sea. The amount of water entering the sea accounts for about 90% of the total amount of water entering the sea in the whole province. Yancheng Nature Reserve in Jiangsu Province can control flood, protect embankment and retain sediment. In history, both the Yellow River and the Yangtze River entered the sea at the north and south ends of the reserve. The Yangtze River and the Yellow River carried a large amount of sediment to form the abandoned Yellow River Delta. Most of the mudflats in the reserve are silted up, and about 900 square meters of land are deposited every year.

climate

The reserve is located in the transition zone between warm temperate zone and north subtropical zone, which is mainly affected by marine and continental climate. The annual average temperature is 13.7-14.6 ℃, the annual extreme minimum temperature is - 10 ℃ (January), and the annual extreme maximum temperature is 39.0 ℃ (August). The frost free period is 210-224 days, the rainfall is abundant, and the annual average precipitation is about 1000mm.

Protection target

Protected objects

The nature reserve mainly protects rare wild animals such as Red Crowned Crane and the wetland ecosystem on which they live.

Protect resources

Up to 2012, there are 450 species of plants, 402 species of birds, 26 species of amphibians and reptiles, 284 species of fish and 31 species of mammals. Among them, there are 14 species of first-class wildlife under state key protection, including Red Crowned Crane, white headed crane, white crane, Oriental White Stork, black stork, Chinese merganser, Relict Gull, great bustard, white shouldered eagle, Golden Eagle, white tailed sea eagle, elk, Chinese sturgeon and white sturgeon. There are 85 species of second-class wildlife under state key protection, such as roe deer, black faced Spoonbill, swan, little green shank, mandarin duck and grey crane.

Development and utilization

China Red Crowned Crane Museum

China Red Crowned Crane museum is located in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. It is a special museum established for the world's rare bird red crowned crane. The museum has many functions, such as scientific research, science popularization, eco-tourism, cultural education, species protection and so on.

Red Crowned Crane breeding center

Red Crowned Crane artificial breeding center is the center and focus of crane farm. This is a long-term scientific research project in the nature reserve - breeding and domestication of red crowned cranes in wintering areas.

Crane paradise

Crane Park, also known as Yancheng rare bird domestication farm, belongs to Yancheng Wetland rare bird National Nature Reserve in Jiangsu Province. It was founded in 1986, and martyr Xu Xiujuan was the first director of the crane park. The crane farm integrates scientific research, animal breeding, eco-tourism and environmental education, including scientific research building, Wanghe Pavilion, Red Crowned Crane rescue center, waterfowl lake, Red Crowned Crane domestication center, wetland publicity and education center, tourist service center, etc. Because Fei Xiaotong had the word "crane paradise", it was also called crane paradise.

Wanghe Pavilion

Wanghe pavilion was built in 1989. It has three floors, 18 meters high and six corners. Because the beach is flat, here is the commanding point.

Waterfowl Lake

The artificial freshwater lake is mainly built to imitate the internal ecological environment of the reserve for wild water birds, which can let tourists enjoy birds in close range. Here, there are willows by the lake, fish in the lake and birds in the lake.

transport line

Bus routes in Yancheng City: take the special tourist bus, which starts at 8:00 a.m. and 1:30 p.m. from Monday to Friday, and starts at 7:30 a.m., 8:30 a.m. and 1:30 p.m. from Saturday to Sunday. The special tourist bus starts from Yancheng City Planning Exhibition Hall, stops at Yanfu people's shopping mall (zhongyinhaihua Square), Bank of China (old Gymnasium) and Bank of communications From the bus stop of the East Campus of Yancheng Institute of technology to the crane Park of Yancheng rare bird nature reserve, we can go to the customs of China, the memorial hall of the New Fourth Army and the bus stop of Yancheng Institute of technology

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In order to reduce the damage to the wetland ecosystem, the bird watching routes in the scenic area are limited to 15 people per day, and the reservation must be made three days in advance. The date when the number of reservation is full or in case of bad weather should be postponed according to the order of reservation. The ID number, home address and mobile phone number are required when signing up for payment.

ecological value

Scientific research value

The reserve has undertaken 45 national and provincial scientific research projects. In particular, the research on artificial breeding of Red Crowned Crane has made important progress, which has attracted experts and scholars from more than 30 countries and regions to participate.

Protection value

Yancheng Nature Reserve has become an important species repository. Yancheng coastal area is an ecologically fragile area, but through years of efforts to protect, Yancheng reserve has become a coastal biological enrichment area, effectively protecting more than 2600 kinds of biological resources, accounting for 1 / 10 of the total number of biological species in China's coastal zone.

Address: No.331 provincial road to Danhe line, Tinghu District, Yancheng City

Longitude: 120.503714

Latitude: 33.604064

Tel: 0515-82642605

Chinese PinYin : Yan Cheng Dan Ding He Shi Di Sheng Tai Lv You Qu