Wenquan Temple

Wenquan Temple

Wenquan temple, located in the North Hot Spring Park, South Chongqing Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, was built in the southern and Northern Dynasties in the first year of Jingping of Liu Song Dynasty (423 AD).

Wenquan temple, whose founder is the monk Ciying, inherits the legal system as linjizong.

The origin of history

Wenquan temple is the lower courtyard of Jinyun temple in ancient times. The temple is resplendent, with many stone carvings and flourishing incense. Later, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty and Emperor Wu Zong of the Tang Dynasty destroyed the Buddha twice, causing serious damage. During the period of emperor Zhen Zong of the Tang Dynasty, the temple was rebuilt, and the cliff Buddha statues were carved in the back rocks. In 1007, Wenquan temple was granted Chongsheng Temple by the imperial court.

The Ming and Qing dynasties can be regarded as the golden age of the hot spring temple. The temple had to be rebuilt. At the same time, the Jieguan pavilion was built in front of the temple, and a pool was built behind the temple to meet the flow. The square of the temple is four feet wide, with a pavilion on the upper wing. No matter whether it is sunny or rainy, visitors can take a bath in the pool. By using the hot spring water source and terrain, a fish playing pool and half moon pool were built for visitors to enjoy.

Related allusions

In February 1259, mengge came to Hechuan fishing city. Mengge is invincible, but under the tenacious resistance of Wang Jian, the general of fishing City, and Zhang Jue, the Deputy General of fishing City, he can't cross the thunder pool. In July 1259, mengge was injured by city fire, and later died in Wenquan temple.

The lower courtyard of Jinyun temple was founded in 423 A.D. in the first year of Jingping of Liu Song Dynasty. After the establishment of Dongyang County in the Southern Qi Dynasty, the temple was prosperous for a time, with splendid temples and numerous stone carvings. Later, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty and Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty were unable to do so twice, resulting in serious damage. During the period of emperor Zhenzong of the Tang Dynasty, Zen master Yougu jingman rebuilt the temple and carved a cliff Buddha statue in the back mountain. In the first year of Tang Qian Fu (874 A.D.), Hongji monk rebuilt it again. Wang Xiangzhi of the Song Dynasty wrote in "Yusheng · scenery of Chongqing mansion" that "there is a hot spring temple in Qianfu of the Tang Dynasty." Tang Dynasty poets Chen yubai, Wang Mojie, Du Zimei and Li Yishan all visited or stayed in the hot spring temple. Sikong Tu wrote a poem here: the mountains and the earth are cool, but they don't know why they make soup. The grass, trees, turtles and fish are smoked and cooked. They win over the Manta wanseng square.

Poems on steles

In 1007 ad, Wenquan temple was granted Chongsheng Temple by the imperial court. Prime Minister Ding Yu came to visit, chanting the five laws of "you Wenquan Temple". In a poem, he wrote: "when guests arrive, they leave new sentences, and when people are free, they chant old articles." It reflects that many celebrities left their poems at that time. According to the records of Chongqing Prefecture, Bishan County and Ba County, Wenquan temple is known for its numerous poems and numerous steles. Between Jingde and Dazhong Xiangfu in the Northern Song Dynasty, Peng Yingqiu, the pushing official, took up the post of Quyang curtain history. On his way to Hezhou, he stayed at Wenquan temple at night and wrote a poem entitled "Suquan Temple" on the wall of the temple. The poem says: there is no time for the public journey, but it is quiet in Chad. When I first feel empty door guests, I don't feel worried about the floating world. Hot springs, ancient caves, cold chimes, dangerous buildings. I forget to sleep at dawn, and I doubt that I am in Wozhou.

In the first year of Jiaqing (1056 A.D.), Zhou Dunyi, a neo Confucianist, signed the official office of the magistrate's office of Bachuan County, Yizhou wentangxia. When he read this poem, he was full of praise. He wrote a preface and carved stones in Wenquan temple, which became a poetic story in the history of Wenquan temple. After 163 years, in the winter of 1219 A.D., Tuo Xingshan, the magistrate of Chongqing, discovered the lost stele. He copied it and made a postscript for it, which was included in zhoulianxi collection.

In the first year of Kaiqing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1259 AD), mengge led the army to attack Hezhou fishing City, and zhongpaofeng died in Wenquan temple. According to the records of Hezhou in Wanli of the Ming Dynasty, "emperor Xianzong of the Yuan Dynasty was shocked by the gun wind. Because he became ill, his class teacher went to the mountain of choujun, and he was very ill After crossing the Wentang gorge of Jinjian mountain for the second time, it collapsed. " Since then, the name of Wenquan temple has been listed in the official history.

The Ming and Qing dynasties can be regarded as the golden age of Wenquan temple. During the Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, the Wenquan temple was rebuilt. At the same time, the Jieguan pavilion was built in front of the temple, and a pool was built behind the temple to meet the flow. The square is four feet wide, with a pavilion on the upper wing. Visitors can bathe in the pool when it's sunny or rainy. Using the hot spring water source and terrain, the Xiyu pool and Banyue pool were built for visitors to enjoy. At this time, the hot spring temple, pilgrims tourists, an endless stream. There are civil servants and generals, poets and poets, monks and vassals They come here to watch mountains and waters, recite poems and write Fu. Liu Dao, the poet, wrote a poem "Hot Spring Temple" after his trip. There is a note at the end of the poem: "between Ba and he, the second of the Three Gorges." The poem says: when the two cliffs encircle the king's residence, the gorge is deep and the forest is quiet. A few wild cranes with long pine nests, a pond of warm water leaping fish. Monks without white society can provide wine, guests in green beans good reading. Shudao Qinghua is really rich. After the sound of drums, it's not as good as the beginning.

County records

According to the records of Ba County written by Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, "go out of the river bank, climb up the stone steps, go to Wenquan temple. Stone wall ten thousand Ren, ancient trees Qiu pan, cloud root spring diarrhea, points out of the sinus, corresponding with the pines, clear water, no sink point, no sulfur gas. In the past, people built a pool to meet the current. The square was four feet wide, and the pavilion was on the upper wing. In the severe winter, people could take a bath In front of the main hall, the spring flows into a large pool. The green algae are mixed in the boiling water, and the red fish swim. Then they turn back to the corridor and reach the gate of the mountain. The hanging rock makes a waterfall, and the jade and snow sing and fly down through the clouds. It is almost the crown of the hot springs. " "Chongsheng Temple in hot spring is located in the southwest of the gorge, and there are many stone inscriptions on it," Chongqing Fu Zhi said "Bishan county annals" said: "there are springs, such as soup, boiling bath, visitors chant very much Up to now, there are more than ten Ming Dynasty steles and hundreds of poems. From the Ming Dynasty to the time of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty, Wenquan temple was very prosperous. The industry is big, the monks are many, and the rich side is rich. Known as "Wen 3000, Zen 800, the monk of fir garden can not be provoked." This shows that it has great influence.

Main building

The existing Wenquan temple is a building of Ming and Qing Dynasties. The hall is divided into four parts: Guansheng hall, Jieyin hall, Great Buddha Hall and Guanyin hall. When it was rebuilt in the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, it was a gate with three halls. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, Shanmen was rebuilt as Guansheng hall, and during the reign of Tongzhi, Guanyin hall was rebuilt as Tiewa hall.

The old "Chongsheng Temple" was destroyed in the early 13th century due to the collapse of rocks. It was relocated and rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty. The whole complex is well preserved, with red walls, green trees and solemn weather. The stone carving garden at the left side of the temple is still a precious historical relic, including the remains of arhat statues carved on cliffs of the Song Dynasty, steles of the Ming Dynasty and Panlong pagoda. North hot spring has a long history and beautiful scenery, and celebrities have come in succession. Tang Jinshi Sikong Tu, the Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty Ding Wei, Neo Confucianism Zhou Dunyi, Southern Song Dynasty champion Feng Shixing, Qing Kangxi bachelor Zhang penghe, Huang Yanpei, Linsen, Feng Yuxiang, Lao She, Tian Han, Xia Yan, etc. have all left excellent works. After 1949, some state leaders also came to inspect and visit. The newly built and expanded hot spring bathrooms and swimming pools, as well as new buildings, pavilions and pavilions, surrounded by trees and plants, are famous scenic spots in Chongqing.

Opening to the outside world

The hot spring park was founded by Lu Zuofu and others in 1927. It was officially opened on May 1 of that year. During the Anti Japanese War, a number of cultural units such as the Chinese dictionary, the Chinese education film studio, the specialized subjects of the National Institute of social education, the Yucai School, the World Encyclopedia Editing Committee, and the Zhonghua Book Company moved into the park; a number of cultural celebrities such as Tao Xingzhi, Zou Taofen, and Shao Xiaojun moved into the park Lizi and others are active here, making the park an important place for scientific and cultural activities. In 1982, the State Council listed the North hot spring as Jinyun Mountain National scenic spot. The whole scenic forest area is 1.6 million square meters, of which the park covers an area of 136000 square meters. In front of it is the Xiajiang River, and behind it is the cliff. It is a "Pearl" on the Jialing River. The water quality of Beiwenquan is of calcium sulfate type, and its calcium content ranks the first in Chongqing's hot springs. Its daily flow is 4000-8000 tons, and its water temperature is generally 25-39 ℃. It can be used by thousands of people for bathing and swimming, and is suitable for salty seasons.

Master of the temple

The temple has been overhauled several times in history. The first is the reconstruction of the Great Buddha Hall under the leadership of monk Zhenjin in the first year of Xuande in the Ming Dynasty (1426); the second is the reconstruction of the four main halls in the 47th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1782); and the third is the construction of the stone garden in the second year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1863). There are seven kinds of inscriptions in Wenquan temple. Besides, there are 500 year old ginkgo trees and luohansong standing beside the temple.

At present, master zhizong is over sixty years old. He was born in Chongqing. He became a monk in 1984 and studied with Master Zhu Xia. Now he is the executive director of Chongqing Buddhist Association.

Temple site: North Hot Spring Park, Yunan Road, Beibei District, Chongqing

Address: the Bank of Taizi River, Benxi Manchu Autonomous County, Benxi City

Longitude: 124.05602264404

Latitude: 41.339752197266

Ticket information: no ticket required. Included in the ticket of Shuidong scenic spot.

Chinese PinYin : Wen Quan Si