Jingdezhen Folk Kiln Museum

Jingdezhen Folk Kiln Museum

Jingdezhen Folk Kiln Museum is located at No.18 Hangkong Road, east suburb of Jingdezhen City, Jiangxi Province, on the South Bank of Nanhe River, 4km east of Jingdezhen city. The museum is a national third-class Museum,

The museum is located in the Hutian ancient kiln site protection area, bounded by a wall, covering an area of 8500 square meters.

On June 23, 2003, with the approval of the editorial board of Jingdezhen City, the museum was renamed as Jingdezhen Folk Kiln Museum, which directly belongs to the Jingdezhen Municipal Bureau of culture (cultural relics) and is a public welfare department level institution funded by the government. It is a collection, research, display and promotion of Jingdezhen folk kiln ceramic historical relics, and also in charge of the protection of Jingdezhen folk kiln site.

As of 2019, Jingdezhen Folk Kiln Museum has collected tens of thousands of ceramic relics and specimens from the Five Dynasties to the Republic of China in Jingdezhen, and opened up three exhibition halls, including "Millennium of firewood", "porcelain workshop site of song and Yuan Dynasties", "Hulu kiln and horseshoe kiln site of Ming Dynasty", which clearly reflects the major changes in the history of ceramic technology and the collection of ancient Chinese porcelain The whole process of the history of porcelain.

The Hutian kiln site under the jurisdiction of Jingdezhen Folk Kiln Museum is a national key cultural relic protection unit announced by the State Council in 1982. It is also one of the 100 national key sites determined in the 12th Five Year Plan and a patriotic education base.

Historical evolution

In the early 1980s, the Hutian village was a place of Hutian kiln accumulation and paddy fields.

In 1984, Jingdezhen Municipal Cultural Relics Management Committee built the Hutian ancient porcelain kiln site exhibition hall at the entrance of Hutian village.

On June 23, 2003, with the approval of the editorial board of Jingdezhen City, it was renamed as Jingdezhen Folk Kiln Museum.

On July 8, 2020, the construction of Jingdezhen ceramic culture digital museum was officially launched, and the 3D data collection and modeling of Hutian kiln site (kiln site) were completed.

Architectural pattern

overview

Jingdezhen Folk Kiln Museum includes nine important sites: zhangjiadi, nanwangshiwu, Longtoushan, Shizishan, beiwangshiwu, Pipashan, wuyuling (horseshoe kiln), muniling and liujiadun.

Among them, zhangjiadi site is located in tianmengou.

The site is located to the west of Hutian village and to the south of Hangkong road. It is only one road (Hangkong Avenue) away from Beiwang Shiwu. The protected area is bounded by a wall, covering an area of about 1800 square meters.

< I Longtou mountain < / I < I site < / I is located in the southern edge of the central part of Hutian kiln site, connected with Shizishan in the East. The kiln sites are distributed on Longtou mountain, with an area of about 14000 square meters. The kiln industry is rich, with a height of 20 meters.

< I Shizishan site is deposited from Song Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty. The protection area is bounded by contour line of 62.6 meters in the south, Longtoushan in the west, retaining wall of 24, 25 and 27 dormitories of 602 houses in the north, retaining wall of 26 buildings in the north, and retaining wall of 81, 82 and 83 buildings in the south. It is connected with porcupine ridge along the mountain in the East. The kiln site is distributed on the hillside of 23.6 meters, covering an area of 15000 square meters.

The site of Shiwu in the north is deposited from the Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, with an area of about 2700 square meters. The protection area is bounded by the wall in the East, the wall in the South and the foot of the mountain in the West and North.

The site of Pipa mountain is deposited from the Southern Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty. It is located to the west of the Hutian kiln site and to the north of hanghang road. The protected area is bounded by a wall, covering an area of about 7000 square meters.

The wuyuling site is a Ming Dynasty kiln site. In Hutian village, the protected area is bounded by a wall, covering an area of about 1875 square meters.

The site is located in Hutian village, near the South Bank of Nanhe River in the north, and the protection area is limited by 3400 square meters of Yaobao deposit.

The liujiadun site is located in Hutian village, south of Nanhe River and north of 602 hotels. The protection area is about 1000 square meters, bounded by a wall.

Important sites

Zhangjiadi site

According to the records of Fuliang County by Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty, "in the fourth year of Zhengde of the Ming Dynasty, Gu Yingxiang, a Tui official in Raozhou, got a remnant stele, which was chiseled by Xiao Liang during the Taiping period," so it was called "Zhangjia stele" by the villagers of Zhang's surname.

 

Nanwang Shiwu site

Nanwangshiwu's kiln bags are well preserved, and the kiln industry has a deep accumulation. Most of them are covered kilns, and many are upward kilns. The unearthed porcelains are mainly blue and white glazed bowls and plates of Song Dynasty. The shape of the ware is regular, the quality of the body is fine white, the glaze is crystal clear, and the decoration is magnificent.

 

Longtoushan site

There are many kilns and porcelain pieces scattered on the southwest slope of Longtou mountain, while the northeast slope is destroyed with few relics. Judging from the unearthed objects, it not only produced blue and white glazed porcelain, but also fired black glazed porcelain and egg white glazed porcelain (i.e. Shufu porcelain), which spanned the song and Yuan Dynasties.

 

Shizishan site

Many earthen steamed bread kilns and brick room dragon kilns have been found in Shizishan, surrounded by porcelain making tools, kilns and porcelain pieces from the Five Dynasties to the Southern Song Dynasty, which is one of the important remains for the study of the early kiln industry of Hutian kiln.

 

Beiwang Shiwu site

In 1988, Jiangxi Provincial Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology conducted a scientific archaeological excavation on the edge of the area (the original 602 canteens). It unearthed blue and white porcelain bowls, boxes, pillows, small animals, figures and figurines of the Northern Song Dynasty, as well as porcelain tools engraved with the "seventh year of Zhenghe", and some living utensils such as blue and white bowls of the Ming Dynasty.

 

Pipa mountain site

The kilns in Pipa mountain are rich and well preserved. The ground is covered with ancient kilns and porcelain pieces. Among them, the kilns mainly include funnel-shaped saggers, barrel shaped saggers, cushion cakes (or washers), covered firing rings, covered firing cushion bowls, etc.; the porcelain pieces mainly include blue and white porcelain of Song Dynasty, black glazed porcelain of Yuan Dynasty and blue and white porcelain of Ming Dynasty. The utensils are mainly bowl, plate, pot, holding pot, cover and other living utensils . It is the best preserved kiln bag in Hutian kiln site.

 

Wuyuling site

Wuyuling (horseshoe kiln) is a towering mountain with deep accumulation. The ground is covered with porcelain pieces of the yuan and Ming Dynasties. Among them, the blue and white bowls and high foot cups of the Ming Dynasty are the bulk. On the top of the mountain, horseshoe kiln, a kiln site for firing blue and white porcelain in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, is preserved and protected. A dilapidated dragon kiln site was also found on the east side of the kiln, which was in the late Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty.

Mu Ni Ling site

According to the survey data of kiln sites in the 1970s-1980s, Mu Ni Ling has a large accumulation area and rich relics. Kiln wares and porcelain pieces from the Southern Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty can be found. Among them, most of the kiln wares are fired saggers and covered firing rings. Among the porcelain pieces, there are blue and white glazed carved bowls in the Song Dynasty, printed mangkou plates and small blue and white bowls in the early and middle Ming Dynasty. The outer wall of the bowls is painted with the picture of "three friends of the cold and old", and some bowls are painted at the bottom It is of great value for cultural relics research to write blue and white characters such as "Fu", "Shan" and "everlasting".

 

Liujiadun site

The accumulation area of liujiadun is small, but it is very deep. The relics on the ground are mainly blue and white bowls, high foot cups, saggers, porcelain cakes, etc., which were in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.

 

Collection

overview

Jingdezhen Folk Kiln Museum not only collects and displays the ceramics, porcelain making tools and kiln furniture of different periods of Jingdezhen folk kilns, as well as the precious cultural relics excavated from Hutian kiln site, but also retains the remains of Hutian kiln from the Five Dynasties to the Ming Dynasty, such as kiln accumulation, porcelain making workshops, all kinds of kilns and storage docks.

 

Jingdezhen Folk Kiln Museum has selected 169 representative specimens from thousands of relics unearthed from Hutian kiln over the years. Among the exhibits are Celadon of Five Dynasties, which is very similar to "Yue Kiln's secret color ware" and white porcelain similar to "Xing kiln's silver snow"; Celadon of Song Dynasty, which is jade like and can be called "Rao jade", is engraved with the inscription "Zhang ang, the prime Minister of Fugong County, digonglang, was responsible for processing and supervising the manufacture" and the so-called "Bianjing jianlongfang chief Raozhou porcelain was used as a backup" in the manuscript of Song Hui It is confirmed that the Hutian kiln of Yuan Dynasty was an important kiln for firing Royal Porcelain and export porcelain. One group of blue and white porcelain fragments of Ming Dynasty is rich in decorative themes, such as twig flowers, tuanhua, lion, deer, fish, Songhe, ladies, dancing figures, etc It shows that the Ming Hutian kiln was deeply influenced by the Ming official kiln.

 

The relics unearthed from three kiln sites from February to October 2006 can be divided into household utensils, kiln furniture and tools. Among them, household utensils and kiln furniture account for the vast majority, and tools are rare. In terms of texture, it can be divided into porcelain, bronze and pottery. Porcelain accounts for the vast majority, and can be divided into blue glazed porcelain, brown glazed porcelain and blue white glazed porcelain. Only a small number of bronze and pottery can be seen.

Blue glazed porcelain

Blue glazed porcelain

Chinese PinYin : Jing De Zhen Min Yao Bo Wu Guan