Dachen Island

Dachen Island

Dachen Island, administratively subordinate to Dachen Town, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, is located in the East China Sea, 52 kilometers southeast of Jiaojiang District. Dachen island is composed of "shangdachen island" (covering an area of 7 square kilometers) and "xiadachen island" (covering an area of 4.89 square kilometers), both of which belong to the Taizhou archipelago. Lower Dachen island is the residence of Dachen town.

The forest coverage rate of the island is 50-60%, which is a provincial marine forest park. Dachen island is a legendary and famous island, Southeast of Taizhou Bay and south central of Taizhou archipelago. The undulating mountains and unique natural and cultural landscapes of the island make it suitable for vacation, leisure and historical tourism. Dachen island is a national first-class fishing port, a provincial forest park and a provincial sea fishing base. The sea area around the island is the third largest fishing ground in Zhejiang Province, known as the "Pearl of the East China Sea".

Evolution of organizational system

Dachen Island, known as dongzhenshan or dongzhengshan in ancient times, was first heard in the middle of the 5th century. In ancient times, the trade ships from Taizhou to Korea and Japan all passed through the island, and used to use gaolitou reef as the navigation mark.

In ancient times, Dachen island was also known as sannushan or sanpanshan. It was said that it was the birthplace of Buddha, the founder of Buddhism. According to historical records, "there are two stones in the shape of pine, named as Shisong. If the tide is flat, there will be no stone, and the boat will avoid them.".

It is likely that this pine branch shaped submerged reef is a coral reef. Today, fishermen can often drag small pieces of coral debris on the bottom of Dachen sea, which shows this problem. In history, the name of Dachen mountain was first recorded in Zheng He's nautical chart. Since then, Da Chen has experienced ups and downs in 500 years.

In the middle of the 16th century, Dachen island was one of the battlefields against Japanese pirates on the sea. In the 34th year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1555 AD), the navy of the Ming army pursued the Japanese pirates in dachenyang and captured the Japanese pirates. Today, there is a Yandun site in fengmenling, Dachen Island, which was built by the Ming army left behind at that time.

During the reign of Emperor Qianlong (1736-1795) of the Qing Dynasty, the residents gradually gathered. DaoTe of Zhejiang Province set up flood control officers on the island to lead the army and fishery administration, which was the beginning of the great display of governance. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the residents of Dachen had reached 10000, forming the most prosperous marine market town in Taizhou Bay. It was "the only big fishing village, big fishing ground and big fishing port in the old Taiwan. In the past heyday, the annual catch reached more than 5 million yuan, which can also be called the economic center of the old Taiwan.".

Before World War II, Dachen island was just an ordinary Island, which was occupied by Japan during World War II.

During the Anti Japanese War, the Japanese army blockaded the coast, and the aboriginal armed Wang Xiangyi moved in the sea area of Dachen, led his troops to block the Japanese army, and recovered Dachen Island, which was known as the "Sea Hawk".

After World War II, the Communist Party of China defeated Chiang Kai Shek and the Kuomintang government in the second civil war and established the people's Republic of China. The Kuomintang government moved to Taiwan, but still controlled many islands, including Dachen island.

At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, Dachen island became the main base of the remnant Kuomintang in central and southern Zhejiang, and its population increased to 30000. In addition to Chiang Ching Kuo's frequent visits to Dachen Island, the Taiwan authorities, including Chiang Kai Shek, Hu zongnan, Yu Dawei, Jiang Weiguo and Mao Renfeng, as well as the commander of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, U.S. ambassador to Taiwan LAN chin and the head of the U.S. military adviser chase, also visited Dachen Island. There are also many institutions on the island.

In the Taiwan Strait confrontation in the early 1950s, Dachen island was at the forefront of the confrontation, and its military status was relatively improved. Based on the needs of war preparedness, the Kuomintang authorities began to build hardware facilities on Dachen Island, with remarkable achievements in education and health.

In 1951, it began to carry out basic education, opened many schools, and established the first middle school, Zhongzheng middle school.

In 1953, the Institute of health was set up. With the investment of medical resources and hardware facilities, the island's health environment and residents' health habits were significantly improved.

In January 1955, the people's liberation army conquered Yijiangshan Island, and Dachen Island lost its peripheral barrier. The Kuomintang authorities were forced to implement the "Dachen retreat" plan. On February 7, a mixed fleet (including 6 aircraft carriers) composed of 132 US seventh fleet and 27 Chiang Kai Shek warships under the command of praid arrived in the Dachen sea area. On February 12, 10000 regular Kuomintang troops, 4000 guerrillas and 17000 residents (including 3937 upper Dachen, 10974 lower Dachen and 1083 residents in Pishan) were withdrawn from Dachen, Zhuyu, Pishan and Yushan islands At the same time, the remaining docks and fishing boats were all destroyed. Only one dying old man was left in Dachen island.

In February 1955, the Kuomintang authorities withdrew from Dachen Island, destroyed the facilities inside the island and evacuated to Taiwan. Then the Chinese people's Liberation Army entered Dachen island. After the recovery of Dachen Island, the people's government immediately carried out the reconstruction work.

In January 1956, Hu Yaobang, then the first Secretary of the Central Secretariat of the Communist Youth League, issued a call to Wenzhou youth to "form a volunteer reclamation team and develop Dachen island". On January 31 of that year, the first group of 227 young people boarded Dachen island and began to reclaim wasteland. By 1960, a total of 467 reclamation team members went to the island to reclaim wasteland. On January 6, 2013, the bronze statue of Hu Yaobang was unveiled in Dachen island.

On February 11, 1955, according to the instructions of Zhejiang provincial Party committee, Wenzhou Prefecture Committee of CPC established the people's Government of Dachen district (county level) and the working committee of Dachen district. Lu Zhongyi served as secretary, Liu Weizong, Xu Jiliang, Ji Yufang and Guo Tongyu served as members; Liu Weizong, district head, Ji Yufang and Huang Daoxi, deputy district heads. It has an office, an organization department, a publicity department, a fishery and agricultural production department and other working organizations, which are temporarily set up in Haimen. In April, the first batch of mainland immigrants came to the island, and the following year, Wenzhou youth formed a "reclamation team" to support Dachen.

After more than 40 years of construction, the island environment has been greatly improved. In the past, there were only more than 1000 trees in 12 square kilometers of land. Now, there are lush trees and the forest coverage rate is more than 50-60%. It has become a provincial Island Forest Park. As a state-level fishing port, it has invested a lot of money over the years in the construction of island roads and five reservoirs, with complete supporting facilities for passenger terminal and fishing port. At the same time, it has turned Dachen port into an international haven and a delivery point for fresh aquatic products.

Dachen sea area is famous for its rich fishing products. It is the third largest fishing ground in Zhejiang Province. During the peak fishing season in the 1960s and 1980s, more than 5000 fishing boats from Fujian, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Jiangsu coastal areas gathered in Dachen fishing ground to catch hairtail, with an average catch of 60000 tons. Fishermen go to the island to sell fish and supply supplies. The grand occasion is just like the "busy sea market".

However, since the 1980s, due to the decline of marine resources and the completion of Haimen fishing port, most of the fishermen have moved to the mainland. According to statistics in 2000, Dachen town has 3800 local residents and about 1200 temporary residents, which is still the most densely populated island in Taizhou.

There are many tourist attractions in Dachen island.

geographical environment

Dachen island is the main island among the 106 islands and reefs in Taizhou archipelago, which is divided into upper and lower Dachen islands. The two islands are only separated by 2.5 km waterway, with a total area of 11.89 square kilometers. Shangdachen Island, also known as Shangtai Island, covers an area of 6.6 square kilometers with rolling hills. It mainly grows sweet potatoes and beans. There is a harbor in the southwest. Dachen town is located in the underground Dachen Island, 52 kilometers away from Haimen port, also known as Shitou, with an area of 5.2 square kilometers. It is mainly hilly terrain, with developed fishery, many fishing boats berthing, and Taizhou fishery headquarters in the sheltered harbor. Fengwei mountain, the highest peak, is located in the west of the island, with an altitude of 228.6 meters. The undulating mountains and unique natural and cultural landscapes of the island make it suitable for vacation, leisure and historical tourism.

Dachen island is a national central fishing port, a provincial forest park and a provincial sea fishing base. The sea area around the island is the third largest fishing ground in Zhejiang Province. During the fish season, thousands of sails gather around the island, masts are like a forest, and fishing fires are thousands at night. It is known as the "Pearl of the East China Sea".

Dachen island has a pleasant climate, unique landscape, abundant marine products and superior natural conditions. It is especially suitable for tourists to "visit the island, watch the sea view, fish, eat seafood and play with the sea". It is a good place for people to go sightseeing, leisure, entertainment and fishing. Summer and autumn is the golden season for tourism on the island. Since 1991, "Sea Fishing Festival" has been held many times.

The forest coverage rate of the island is 56%, and the annual average temperature is 16.7 ° with a typical subtropical marine monsoon climate of warm in winter and cool in summer. Due to the long-term effects of tides, ocean currents, wind currents and marine organisms, Jiawu rock, Maoyu sand, wushatou bathing beach and picturesque Pingfeng mountain, langtongmen, Gaoli, Xiayu Longdong and many other sea wonders have been formed.

The history of Dachen island is amazing. The war sites of dachendao, such as blockhouses, water prisons, trenches and tunnels, are the historical witness of the battle field of Yijiangshan. The legend of dachendao youth reclamation team and General Secretary Hu Yaobang's personal inspection made the island famous at home and abroad.

Around the reef of Dachen Island, there are many famous fish species, such as grouper, black porgy, swimming crab, lamprey, tiger head, etc., which are the third largest fishing ground in our province. Its langtongmen aquaculture base is the largest deep-water cage aquaculture base in Zhejiang Province, which mainly focuses on the cultivation of sea treasures such as Pseudosciaena crocea, Lateolabrax japonicus and red sea bream.

Dachen island and Yijiangshan island are also rich in cultural landscape. There are a large number of War sites left by the battle of Yijiangshan island in 1955, and young people volunteered to reclaim them

Chinese PinYin : Da Chen Dao