Zhang-Fei-Tempel

Temple of marquis Huan of Han Dynasty

synonym

Zhangfei Temple (zhangfei temple in Langzhong, Sichuan) generally refers to the temple of marquis Huan of Han Dynasty

Huanhou Temple of Han Dynasty, commonly known as zhangfei temple, is located at 59 West Street, Gucheng District, Langzhong City, Sichuan Province. It is a national key cultural relics protection unit.

The temple of marquis Huan of the Han Dynasty commemorates Zhang Fei, a famous general of the Shu Han Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms period. After his death, Zhang Fei was named Marquis Huan. It was called "zhanghou Temple" in Tang Dynasty, "Xiongwei Temple" in Ming Dynasty, and "huanhou Temple" since Qing Dynasty.

Brief introduction of ancestral hall

Temple of marquis Huan of Han Dynasty (Zhang Fei Temple)

Time: Ming and Qing Dynasties

Level: national key cultural relics protection units.

component

Main components:

The gate, diwanlou, left and right archways, East and West Wing rooms, main hall, back hall, tomb Pavilion and tomb. Among them, diwanlou is one of the oldest buildings in the Ming Dynasty, which is one of the twelve buildings in langyuan.

Ancestral hall master

Zhang Fei is a man of the Three Kingdoms whom we are all familiar with: Liu Bei's younger brother, the second of the five tigers. Yide (Yide in the romance of the Three Kingdoms) is a native of Zhuozhou County, Hebei Province. Liu Bei worked with Guan Yu when he was young.

A roar at the end of Changbanpo bridge scared away Cao Cao's million troops. Jiamengguan night battle Ma Chao, Brazil war Yan Yan, a Zhang eight snake spear bravely crown the three armies. After Liu Bei entered Sichuan, he was appointed Marquis of Xixiang.

Related allusions

After Liu Bei pacified Yizhou, he sent Zhang Fei to be the prefect of Brazil (now Langzhong, Sichuan). He led the troops to Langzhong for seven years, and made great contributions to consolidate the power of the Shuhan Dynasty and protect the safety of Langzhong. In the first year of Zhangwu (221), Liu Bei defeated Wu and ordered Zhang Fei to join the army in Jiangzhou (today's Chongqing) from Langzhong. Before he left, he was killed by Zhang Da and fan Qiang (fan Jiang was wrongly written in the romance of the Three Kingdoms). He was only 55 years old when he died

Anxi once heard the whip and the governor's post, and swept the yellow scarf to the end.

The sound of closing Hulao gate first vibrates, and the water at the side of changban bridge reverses.

Yan Yan's righteous interpretation of Shu and Zhang yingding's wisdom of Zhongzhou.

He died before cutting Wu, but the autumn grass left Langdi sad.

Experience

Zhang Fei, whose name is Yide, was one of the five tigers generals of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Bei set up troops from Liu Bei. After Liu Bei became emperor of Yizhou, he appointed Zhang Fei as a general of motorcycles, commander of Si Di and commander in chief of Si Di. In 221 ad, Zhang Fei was killed by the generals fan Jiang and Zhang Da and buried in Langzhong. He was named Marquis of Huan. The people of Langzhong admired Zhang Zhongyong and built a temple in front of the tomb to worship him.

In 184, the first year of Zhongping, the Huangjin uprising broke out. Liu Bei organized a volunteer army in Zhuoxian county to take part in the fight against the Huangjin army. Zhang Fei won the first battle,

cut a striking figure. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are among them. The three are brothers. When Liu Bei sits down, they often take care of him with them, sometimes for most of the day. After many official positions, Liu Bei defected to his former classmate Gongsun Zan. Liu Bei was appointed as the Prime Minister of the plain, and Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were appointed as Sima of other departments. In the first year of Jian'an (196), Yuan Shu attacked Liu Bei and fought for Xuzhou.

Liu Bei sent Zhang Fei to guard xiapi, while his own generals resisted Yuan Shu in Xuyi and Huaiyin. The two sides were deadlocked for more than a month, and each side won or lost. Cao Bao, the Prime Minister of xiapi, was Tao Qian's old army. He was not at peace with Zhang Fei and was killed by Zhang Fei. As a result, everyone in the city was in danger and in chaos. At that time, Yuan Shu wrote a letter to Lv Bu, persuading him to take the opportunity to attack PI, and promised to help Lv Bu with food and grass after the event. Lu Bu was very happy and led the army.

Liu beizhonglang will open the door to surrender Xu Dan, Zhang Fei lost. Lu Bu captured Liu Bei's wife and children and the families of the generals. Forced by the situation, Liu Bei and Zhang Fei had to temporarily rely on Lu Bu and garrison Xiaopei. Lu Bu returned Liu Bei's wife and children. Liu Bei was stationed in Xiaopei and developed rapidly. He soon gathered more than ten thousand people. Lu Bu was uneasy and led the attack. Liu Bei had to take Zhang Fei and others to Cao Cao and unite with Cao Cao to defeat Lu Bu.

In June 197, Cao Cao defeated Lv Bu and was appointed general of Zhonglang. Later, Liu Bei followed Yuan Shao and Liu Biao and finally stationed his troops in Xinye. A few years later, Liu Biao died and Cao Cao went south. Liu Bei abandoned Xinye and fled south by land. Cao Cao sent his elite cavalry to chase him for a day and a night. On the Dangyang bridge, Liu Bei abandoned his wife and fled first. Zhang Fei led 20 riders to refuse. Zhang Fei broke the bridge and stood by the river, shouting: "you are Zhang Yide, can you come and die together?" After the battle of Chibi, Liu Bei captured the four prefectures of Jingzhou, appointed Zhang Fei as the prefect of Yidu and the general of Zhenglu, granted the new Marquis of tinghou, and then transferred to Nanjun.

Later, Liu Bei entered Yizhou and soon turned against Liu Zhang. In 213, Zhang Fei, Zhuge Liang and Zhao Yun led Jingzhou soldiers to Sichuan for reinforcement. When he arrived in Jiangzhou, he met Liu Zhang's general Yan Yan, who was captured by Zhang feisheng. Zhang Fei was moved by Yan Yan's heroism of refusing to surrender, and he was cited as a guest of honor by Zhang Fei. The army continued to divide counties and counties, and in May of the next year (214), it advanced to Chengdu to join Liu Bei. Liu Bei became the master of Shu and gave Zhang Fei 500 Jin of gold, 1000 Jin of silver, 50 million yuan of money and 1000 pieces of brocade.

In 218, after Cao Cao defeated Zhang Lu, Cao Ying's famous general Zhang Ying led his army into the northeast of Yizhou. Although this place belongs to Yizhou, it has always been Zhang Lu's territory. Liu Bei became Zhang Fei's prefect of Brazil and sent troops to fight for him. The two armies held each other for more than 50 days. Later, Zhang Fei led more than ten thousand elite soldiers and invited Zhang Ying's army to fight. Because of the narrow mountain road, Zhang Ying was unable to help each other. Zhang Ying was defeated and abandoned his horse to climb the mountain with more than ten people to return to Nanzheng. Zhang Fei's battle not only expanded Liu Bei's territory, but also saved the door of Shu and saved Yizhou. Zhang Fei then took part in the war against Hanzhong. In 219, Liu Bei occupied Hanzhong and called it the king of Hanzhong. He worshipped Zhang Fei as the right general. In December, Guan Yu was killed by Sun Quan.

In 221, Liu Bei became emperor, and Zhang feifeng became a general of motorcycles. He led the commander of Sili and became Marquis of Xixiang. In June of the same year, in order to recapture Jingzhou, Liu Bei went to the east of Wu, and Zhang Fei prepared to send troops to join Jiangzhou in Langzhong. When he was about to set out, he was murdered by his generals Zhang Da and fan Qiang (fan Jiang was wrongly written in the romance), and he went to Sun Quan with his head. Liu Bei heard that governor Zhang Fei had a watch, and cried out, "Gee! Fly to death Liu Chan, Emperor Huai of Shu Han Dynasty, was named Marquis Huan after Zhang Fei in 260.

The body was buried in Langzhong, the head in Yunyang, and the temple and temple of marquis Zhang were built respectively. Zhang Fei is not as stupid as we think. In many places, he is quite smart and careful!

For example, before he released Yan Yan. Yan Yan's men had lurked under Zhang Fei's hands. After Zhang Fei noticed, he didn't want to kill the soldier in a rage. It's using it. When he made his strategic plan, he said in a loud voice: "today, I'm going to attack Yanyan by taking the path!" When the spy heard this, he went back to report Yan Yan. Yan Yan leads his troops into the path to attack Zhang Fei. He is surprised to find that it is a fake. Zhen Zhang Fei rushed through the woods to catch Yan Yan.

Another story can be found in Chapter 70 of the romance of the Three Kingdoms: Meng Zhang Fei's plan to capture tiandang mountain by taking over old Huang Zhong of wakou post.

History of ancestral hall

Zhang Fei guarded Langzhong for seven years. He protected the territory and the people and defeated Zhang Ying. After his death, Zhang Fei became Marquis of Huan and was buried in Langzhong. "The villagers admired his loyalty and bravery and built a Que in front of the tomb to worship him with rites." It lasted more than 1700 years. After Zhang Fei's death, the temple of marquis Huan was built. Although it was destroyed by the fire of the soldiers, it was destroyed and built many times. In the Ming Dynasty, Li Zhong built a 47 foot wall around the tomb. Since then, there have been many renewals. The present huanhou ancestral hall is a multi courtyard type ancient building complex rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, covering an area of more than 10 mu. It is composed of Mountain Gate, diwanlou, left and right archways, East and West Wing rooms, main hall, back hall, tomb Pavilion and tomb, with a construction area of 2200 square meters. It is a national key cultural relics protection unit announced by the State Council.

Layout of ancestral hall

The hall of marquis Huan of the Han Dynasty is an important cultural relic of the Three Kingdoms, which is full of tourists.

The existing ancestral temple is a group of four courtyard buildings rebuilt in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is composed of gate, diwanlou, archway, main hall, back hall, wing room and tomb, covering an area of more than 30 mu.

Gate of ancestral hall

The main buildings of huanhou ancestral hall in Han Dynasty are arranged along the central axis. The gate is built in the Ming Dynasty. Under the central eaves of the gate, there is a large plaque of "Temple of marquis Huan of Han Dynasty" written by Zhao Puchu, a famous calligrapher. Inside the plaque is Zhang Fei's war horse. On the left and right sides, there are stone tablets of "Temple of marquis Huan" written by Zeng Gong, a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, and "Temple of marquis Huan of Han Dynasty" written by Chang Ming, the governor of the Qing Dynasty. It is said that it was originally a pair of iron lions cast in 1612, the 40th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty. During the Anti Japanese War, Japanese planes were injured by shrapnel when they bombed Langzhong. They were destroyed in the "Cultural Revolution" and are now replaced by stone lions.

The scale

Stepping into the gate, standing in front of you is the Diwan building built in the Ming Dynasty. The building is more than 10 meters high, with double eaves and a Xieshan style roof. The square plum blossom columns with four petals are inlaid, and the corners are connected with clouds. The building is of extraordinary momentum, exquisite structure and unique ingenuity. The regular script on the huge plaque under the eaves, such as "Lingxiu Xiyi", "no enemy for ten thousand men", "tiger minister liangmu" and so on, reflects the evaluation of Zhang Fei in the annals of the three kingdoms that "Zhang Fei is the enemy of ten thousand people and the tiger minister of the world", and indicates that this building is a creative idea built to commemorate Zhang Fei's courage to defeat ten thousand men. The wooden plaques on the left and right sides of the building are connected with the wing room. The brackets under the eaves of the Ming Dynasty are overlapped, and the structure is exquisite. The next two are inlaid with two stone steles of "the miraculous story of marquis Huan" and "the ancestral hall of marquis Zhang Huan" respectively.

The four words "Lingxiu Xiyi" written in English in May, 1842 are very interesting

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Fei Miao