Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial

After Chiang Kai Shek's revolt in 1927, Yuhuatai was used as the execution ground for murderers and revolutionaries. Deng Zhongxia, Yun Daiying and many other outstanding Chinese people were killed in Yuhuatai. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Nanjing municipal government established a martyrs' cemetery, a monument to revolutionary martyrs and an exhibition hall of revolutionary martyrs' deeds. Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery is built on Donggang and Zhonggang. On the north side of the gate is a granite mausoleum. Inside the gate is Guangchang square. At the south end is a huge statue of martyrs. After the sculpture, it was one of the execution places where the martyrs were killed at that time. It was called "North martyrdom place". In the East and west of Zhonggang, there were "East martyrdom place" and "West martyrdom place". The monument to the revolutionary martyrs is built on the top of the main peak, which is accessible from the slip ring mausoleum Avenue on the right side of the statue. The original stele is the foundation stone. The six characters "long live the martyrs" on the stele is a collection of Mao Zedong's writings. On the new monument, Deng Xiaoping inscribed the eight characters "Yuhuatai Martyrs Monument".

Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial

Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial is located in renjiashan, the south end of Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery, Yuhuatai District, Nanjing city. It is a beautiful building with traditional national style and modern flavor.

The memorial hall was built in April 1984, passed the acceptance inspection on January 5, 1987, and officially opened to the public on July 1, 1988. It is the last building designed by the famous architect Mr. Yang Tingbao. The name of "Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial Hall" inscribed by Comrade Deng Xiaoping is engraved on the front of the door. In the middle of the eaves, there is a pattern of "the sun and the moon shine together" symbolizing the eternal spirit of the martyrs.

There are 10 exhibition halls in the memorial, nine of which are used to display the deeds of revolutionary martyrs. According to the four historical periods of the development of the Communist Party of China as the main line, the spacious and bright exhibition hall connects the important events of each period, and displays the cultural relics and historical materials of 127 revolutionary martyrs who died in Yuhuatai and Nanjing in the order of martyrs' sacrifice time.

architectural composition

The simple and elegant Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial is the last building designed by the famous architect Mr. Yang Tingbao. At that time, Mr. Yang Tingbao was as famous as Liang Sicheng in the Chinese architectural circles as "south Yang and North Liang". He created and designed Nanjing Zijinshan observatory. The plane of the memorial building is concave, which is a modern building with national style. The roof adopts the double eaves form of traditional Chinese architecture, which is simplified. The outline is simple and solemn, full of memorial beauty. The special white glazed tile on the roof, the external wall decorated with white mosaic, the white marble window frame and the white railings make the whole building present an integrated white color, which is obviously in contrast with the green woods around the museum, and it is particularly magnificent in the sun.

Architectural structure

Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial is located in renjiashan, the south end of Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery in the south of Nanjing city. It has a double eaves roof and a national style building. It is 92 meters long from east to west, 49 meters long from north to south, and the main castle in the middle is 26 meters high. The white granite wall makes the memorial hall more solemn and dignified.

The whole building area of the memorial is 5900 square meters. It was built in 1988 and opened to the outside world. The memorial hall displays the life stories and historical materials of Yuhuatai revolutionary martyrs. Among them are Deng Zhongxia, Yun Daiying and Luo Dengxian, the early leaders of the party, he Baozhen, the first wife of Liu Shaoqi, Xu Quanzhi, the wife of Chen Tanqiu, a representative of the party's first National Congress, Mao Fuxuan, who was introduced to the party by Mao Zedong, Zhu kejing, former Secretary General of the New Fourth Army, and Liu Yasheng, deputy director of the Political Department of 359 brigade of the Eighth Route Army. In 1999, the exhibition of the memorial hall was transformed. The new Chen lierong multimedia system, Walkman interpretation system, lighting and sound system, as well as the background music and art works created by famous artists, has become a wonderful flower among similar venues in the country.

If you stand in the center of the open gate of the memorial hall and look north and south, the memorial buildings such as monument, reflection pool and Memorial Bridge will be vividly remembered. The loyal soul Pavilion stands in front of you with a green tree screen. So far, it is not difficult to find that the Yuhuatai red memorial building complex is symmetrically expanded along the North-South central axis. Designers skillfully use the form of natural landscape structure layout, the building and the surrounding hills, surrounded by a memorial space full of emotional expression, history, architecture and nature here to achieve a harmonious and perfect unity, like a magnificent epic written in the language of architecture between green mountains and green waters. Therefore, since the completion of the Yuhuatai red memorial building complex, the leaders of the central government and other provinces and cities who came to visit have given a high evaluation, calling it the first-class building in the country. Liu Yunshan, Minister of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, said after the visit that if the red memorial hall is rated as a star, then Yuhuatai is a five-star. It also attracts many foreign visitors. On the east side of the stone steps at the South Gate of the memorial hall, the first Longbai tree was planted by former president of the Democratic Republic of Germany.

Exhibition hall

There are ten exhibition halls in the memorial. The precious historical materials of 127 martyrs who died in Yuhuatai and Nanjing are displayed according to four historical periods. There are more than 460 photos, 630 cultural relics, 21 oil paintings, pictures and prints, 8 reliefs and 4 round sculptures. Hall 8 of the memorial hall is now a temporary exhibition hall, displaying the "model exhibition of the Republic". It displays the life stories of Luo Shengjiao, Lei Feng, Jiao Yulu, Jiang Zhuying and other models, with more than 280 photos.

Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery and Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial are "Nanjing patriotism education base", "Jiangsu national security education base", "national primary and secondary education base". It is a national key cultural relics protection unit, a famous scenic spot, and an important place and classroom for patriotism education and revolutionary tradition education. All previous major leaders of the party and the state have come to Yuhuatai to pay homage. In 1983, Comrade Deng Xiaoping personally inscribed the name of "Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial Hall". On April 5, 1994, General Secretary Jiang Zemin wrote "carry forward the spirit of the martyrs and devote themselves to the great cause of the four modernizations", which is the eternal guide to action and the goal of struggle.

historical background

After Chiang Kai Shek launched the "April 12" counter revolutionary coup in 1927, Yuhuatai became the execution ground for Kuomintang reactionaries to kill the revolutionary people. Tens of thousands of Communists and patriots gave their precious lives here for the cause of people's Liberation and wrote a tragic chapter in the history of Chinese revolution. In order to remember the martyrs and educate the people, the party and the government built a martyrs' cemetery in Yuhuatai in 1950 to display the heroic deeds of revolutionary martyrs for people to watch and learn.

Development status

High tech reappears historical scene and creates real historical atmosphere

The predecessor of Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial Hall is a 100 square meter Yuhuatai Martyrs historical materials exhibition room located in the original gaozuo Temple site. It was originally established in 1954 and displays the portraits and resumes of 40 martyrs. In 1956, it was officially opened to the outside world. The historical materials of 58 martyrs are listed, which are mainly composed of four aspects: Martyrs' portrait room, martyrs' cultural relics letter room, people's Memorial and reactionary crimes. In 1980, after several adjustments, the exhibition room displayed 71 historical materials of martyrs. The length of the exhibition line increased to 150 meters, and the exhibition area was 460 square meters. 455 historical materials and cultural relics such as martyrs' photos, remains and relics, and 338 important auxiliary materials were displayed. On July 1, 1988, the new Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial Hall was built, with an exhibition area of 4960 square meters, displaying historical materials of 127 martyrs. In 1998, a new round of comprehensive display transformation was carried out, which lasted for one year and was opened to the public on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1999. After the transformation, the contents and forms of the exhibition in the museum are closer to the times, reality and audience. The overall display consists of five parts, namely "preface hall", "basic display", "spring filling the world", "time and space tunnel" and "deep memory". The basic display is divided into four chapters: "cold night in Qinhuai", "spark in Shicheng", "singing in Shenzhou" and "greeting the dawn". It puts the individual martyrs in the historical context of revolutionary struggle and depicts a magnificent picture of the Communist Party's struggle to realize national independence and people's liberation. A total of 1519 historical materials of martyrs and more than 1100 revolutionary cultural relics from 21 provinces and cities including Shanghai, Gansu, Yunnan, Fujian and Henan were exhibited. The phantom imaging multimedia "struggle in prison" part of the "basic Exhibition" reproduces the martyrs' unyielding struggle in the iron window; "time and space tunnel" adopts the domestic leading high-tech technology, enabling the audience to talk with the martyrs through time and space on the screen. In addition, four auxiliary display systems, namely "central air conditioning system", "background music system", "computer multimedia system" and "portable explanation system", have been equipped and created, making the whole display integrate sound, light, electricity and other high-tech means with objects, pictures, scenes and art products, creating a real historical atmosphere and giving a strong impact and shock to the audience. More than one million visitors are received every year.

Relying on precious spiritual resources to innovate work ideas

As a national famous revolutionary memorial hall, Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial Hall has been relying on its own unique and valuable spiritual resources, according to the development requirements of the times, constantly innovating the content and form. In order to cooperate with the new great project of the party's construction and adapt to the new situation and new requirements of young people's ideological and moral construction, Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial constantly innovates its working ideas, deeply excavates the Era Connotation of martyrs' spirit, and explores to establish an effective way of thinking

Chinese PinYin : Yu Hua Tai Lie Shi Ji Nian Guan