Changxindian Erqi Memorial Hall

Changxindian Erqi Memorial Hall

Changxindian February 7th memorial hall is located in the park to the west of Changxindian railway station in Fengtai District of Beijing, 1.5km away from Lugou Bridge, 2km away from the memorial hall of the Chinese people's Anti Japanese War, and 15km away from the center of Beijing. There are eight exhibition rooms in Changxindian "February 7th" memorial hall. Inside the Exhibition cabinets are displayed historical materials and cultural relics of the "February 7th" revolutionary struggle. Outside the cabinets are displayed large cultural relics, oil paintings and models. Changxindian Erqi Memorial Hall collects and preserves a large number of objects of the revolutionary struggle of Beijing Han railway workers. It is not only a memorial place for the "Erqi" strike and the workers' movement in Changxindian, but also a good place for teenagers to carry out revolutionary traditional education.

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survey

Compared with the Erqi Locomotive Factory, which has been built for 110 years, the Erqi memorial hall, which was officially opened to the public on February 7, 1987, is much younger. However, in the hearts of many old workers, the February 7th Memorial Hall preserves the "February 7th spirit" for which they have worked for many years.

Located at No. 15, South Lane, West Garden, Changxindian railway station, Fengtai District, is a revolutionary history museum. Construction started in 1983 and officially opened to the outside world on February 7, 1987. The museum is connected by quadrangles, covering an area of about 6600 square meters, with a building area of 2382 square meters and a total of 8 exhibition rooms. "The memorial hall was inscribed by Peng Zhen himself." Wang Weili said, "the first workers' club in Chinese history is the Changxindian workers' club established here, and this is the origin of China's trade union organization." In the collection of hundreds of cultural relics and historical photos, they are mainly about the history and cultural relics of the "February 7th" struggle on the Beijing Han railway in 1923. These include the axes and sledgehammers used by the workers during the February 7th strike, the handcuffs and shackles worn by the arrested workers in Baoding prison, and the clock and watch repair tools used by Shi Wenbin, vice member of the Preparatory Committee of the Beijing Han Railway General Union in 1923.

Ethnic activities

From January 15 to February 28, Longqingxia Ice Lantern Festival is the largest and traditional ice lantern art exhibition in China after Harbin Ice Lantern garden fair. It is also the largest outdoor ice lantern exhibition with the lowest latitude in the world. Longqingxia ice lantern, with its distinctive theme, unique geographical environment and the organic combination of ice lantern and color lantern, is unique in China's ice lantern art circle and has become a wonderful flower in China's folk art garden. Changdian cultural temple fair in Beijing, the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar -- the 16th day of the first month of the lunar calendar, was originally a religious activity of the temple. People burned incense and worshipped Buddha in the temple. Outside the temple, there were all kinds of food stalls and goods stalls, as well as some entertaining juggling and quyi performances, thus forming an activity dominated by folk cultural performances. In recent years, with the changes of the times, many new contents have been added to the ancient temple fair, such as negotiating business at the time of the temple fair, but the display of folk customs has always been the main feature of the temple fair.

collection

There are 8 exhibition rooms in the museum, displaying historical materials and cultural relics of the February 7th struggle, and large cultural relics, oil paintings and models are displayed outside the cabinet. In the museum, there is a monument commemorating the completion of the Yellow River Railway Bridge in 1905;

After the opening of the Jing Han railway, the clock used in Changxindian railway station;

In 1921, the trade union took over the small cloth pocket of the meeting fee;

1922 worker's club badge;

Sirens for "strike in August";

In 1923, the certificate and seal of the General Union of Beijing Han railway;

The workers on the 27 th strike checked the axes and sledgehammers used by the team members;

Handcuffs, shackles and other major cultural relics worn by the arrested workers in Baoding prison.

historical event

On February 7, 1923, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, in order to fight for the freedom of establishing the general trade union and the political rights of the working class, and against imperialism and feudalism, the workers of the Beijing Han railway held the 27 strike which shocked China and foreign countries. The strike centered on the Zhengzhou general trade union of Beijing Han railway, which started from Changxindian in the north and ended in Hankou in the south, paralyzed the more than 2000 mile long Beijing Han railway and set off a great revolution At the climax of the Chinese workers' movement, Shi Yang, Lin Xiangqian and other 52 martyrs died bravely in the strike. The strike pushed the first climax of the Chinese workers' movement under the leadership of the Communist Party of China to the top, and wrote a glorious page in the history of the Chinese revolution and the Chinese workers' movement. The February 7th strike, also known as the Beijing Han railway strike, is the largest and most influential one in the first climax of China's labor movement. On February 1, 1923, the workers of Jinghan railway held the founding meeting of Jinghan Railway General Union in Zhengzhou. However, on the eve of the meeting, Wu Peifu, the direct warlord, ordered the meeting to be banned. The workers expressed great indignation at the unreasonable actions of the warlord and decided to hold the inaugural meeting as usual. On February 1, Wu Peifu sent military and police officers to surround the venue. The delegates who arrived in Zhengzhou broke through the obstruction of military and police officers and entered the venue, announcing the formal establishment of the Jinghan Railway General Union. Less than 15 minutes after the meeting, there was a conflict with the military and police. After the meeting, the reactionary army and police surrounded the residence of the representatives, monitored their actions, occupied, closed and destroyed the meeting sites of the Federation of trade unions and Zhengzhou branch, and the representatives were forced to leave the country. That night, the Federation of trade unions decided to strike on February 4, and proposed "fight for freedom, fight for human rights!" In order to direct the strike, the Federation of trade unions moved to Hankou. From 9:00 a.m. on February 4, tens of thousands of workers on the whole railway went on strike in just three hours. All passenger cars, freight cars and military vehicles were stopped. The Beijing Wuhan railway was immediately paralyzed.

The spirit of sacrifice

On February 7, Wu Peifu, a warlord, finally killed him. Xiao Yaonan, the governor of Hubei Province, used the pretext of mediating the labor tide to lure the trade union representatives to the Jiang'an trade union to "negotiate". On the way to the trade union office, the trade union representatives were shot by the reactionary army, and the unarmed workers' picket team was killed more than 30 people and injured more than 200 people on the spot. The reactionary army also broke into the workers' dormitories and wantonly raided, resulting in the "February 7th" massacre which shocked China and foreign countries. After Lin Xiangqian, chairman of Jiang'an branch and Communist Party member, was arrested, the reactionary army and police tied him to a telegraph pole and forced him to return to work with a knife. Lin Xiangqian exclaimed: "to go to work, the Federation of trade unions must give orders. My head can be broken. I can't go to work!" He would rather die than surrender. Shi Yang, the legal adviser of Wuhan Federation of trade unions and Communist Party members, was also killed. After the tragedy, the Communist Party of China published the book of suing the working class and the people for Wu Peifu's massacre of the Jinghan railway workers, calling on the people of the whole country to unite and fight for freedom. Although the reactionary warlords bound workers everywhere and forced them to return to work by terrorist means. However, the workers persisted in the struggle and resolutely refused to return to work before they got the order from the Federation of trade unions. The trade unions in various places also refused to negotiate separately. The strike lasted until February 9. In order to avoid unnecessary sacrifice, save strength and prepare for a greater struggle in the future, the Wuhan Federation of trade unions and Youth League of Beijing Wuhan Railway General Union painfully ordered the resumption of work, and the general strike was over. In this struggle, more than 50 workers were killed and hundreds injured, and more than 1000 people were arrested and forced into exile. Then, warlords all over the country adopted a high handed policy against the workers' movement, and the climax of the first strike in the country was forced

For the time being, it has turned into a low tide. The February 7th strike fully demonstrated the bravest spirit of struggle and the greatest spirit of sacrifice of the Chinese working class. With the heads and blood of the workers, it has further awakened the Chinese people and made them realize that imperialist forces and feudal warlords are the mortal enemies of the Chinese people of all ethnic groups and must fight against them to the end. The strike expanded the influence of the Communist Party of China among the people of the whole country. The fact of bloody strikes also tells us that in order to overthrow the reactionary warlord rule, it is impossible to rely on the working class alone. We must mobilize the broad peasant class and unite all forces that can be united. This raises an important question for the Communist Party of China: how to unite the Kuomintang led by Sun Yat Sen to oppose the warlords; how to carry out the peasant movement and form an alliance of workers and peasants. During the strike, facing the warlords with guns and live ammunition, the unarmed workers can only be brutally slaughtered, which raises the issue of armed struggle for our party. Although the strike failed, the Communists were not depressed. Instead, they were accumulating more strength for greater struggle.

historical figure

Xiang Ying

Xiang Ying (1898-1941) was originally named Delong, but not Jiang Jun. He is from Wuchang, Hubei Province. one hundred and ninety-two

In February 2003, he served as the director general of the Beijing Han railway strike committee and was one of the main leaders of the 27 th strike. In June, he was elected as a member of the CPC Central Committee at the third National Congress of the Communist Party of China. After that, he was re elected as a member of the third to Sixth Central Committee of the party. After 1924, he became the Minister of staff and workers of the CPC Central Committee, leading the workers' movement in Wuhan and Shanghai. In January 1941, he was killed by the traitor General Liu Hou. Xiang Ying gave up her family happiness for her career. He only lived with his daughter for 12 days and slept with his son for one night.

Lin Xiangqian

Lin Xiangqian (1892-1923) was born in Fujian Province. After the establishment of Jiangan workers' club in January 1922, he served as the financial officer of the club. He joined the Communist Party of China in the summer of the same year. Under the leadership of the party, he actively participated in the work of the workers' club, worked for the interests of the workers, and won the trust and love of the masses. October riverside workers' Club

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Xin Dian Er Qi Ji Nian Guan