Zhuxi Kongs' family temple

Zhuxi Kongs' family temple

Kong's family temple is located in the middle of Chuxi village. It was first built in 1254, the second year of Baoyou in Southern Song Dynasty. Kong Duangong, the ancestor of Chuxi's family, was born in Qufu que Li, Shandong Province. He was the forty eighth generation grandson of Confucius. He was intelligent and studious when he was young. He became a Jinshi scholar. In 1121, he was granted the title of chengshilang. He was appointed as a judge of Dali temple. He was clean and honest. He was gentle in prison. He was awed by officials and respected by people.

brief introduction

Region introduction

Zhixi village is located in the north foot of Dapan mountain. It was called Guichuan and Zhichuan in ancient times. Surrounded by mountains, it has beautiful mountains and strange environment. There are 360 households in the village, 1130 people, all surnamed Kong. It is the largest settlement for the descendants of Confucius in Jiangnan.

During the period of Jianyan in Song Dynasty, Duan Gong and his lineage Yan Sheng Gong Duan you were escorted to the south by Jin Luan. Duan you lived in Quzhou, and Duan Gong settled down in chenchuan of Wu.

According to the genealogy of the Kong family in chichuan, "only Duan Gonggong, the ancestor of Wu, came to chichuan from Taiwan to Yongzhi. He saw that the mountain was high and the water was long, the spring was fragrant and the soil was rich. He abandoned the glory of Huagong and enjoyed himself. He lived under the Zhongshan Mountain. The north and the South were divided into three schools from the beginning."

Original name

The Confucius family temple was built by the descendants of Kongzhou Nanzong (also known as Wuzhou Nankong), the 47th grandson of Confucius. It is located in Zhixi village, Panfeng Township, Pan'an County. It is now a national key cultural relics protection unit. According to the records of Pan'an County annals, Jinhua Prefecture annals, Yongkang county annals of Ming and Qing Dynasties, and Kong's genealogy, the four years of Jianyan in Southern Song Dynasty, that is 1130, Jin soldiers occupied Shandong, Yanzhou fell, and Qufu Kong Lin suffered from military disaster.

Kong Ruojun, the 47th generation grandson of Confucius, the commentator of Dali temple, his brother Kong Ruogu, his nephew Kong Duanyou, and his son Kong Duangong escorted emperor Zhao Gou to leave Shandong for the south. In Lin'an, Kong Ruogu, Kong Duanyou and others went to Quzhou, and later settled in Linghu, Xi'an, Sanqu, which is historically known as "Kong's Quzhou Nanzong".

Kong Ruojun, Kong Duangong and his son's family still escorted Emperor Gaozong to Taizhou. When they arrived in zhangan Town, Taizhou, they said goodbye to the emperor and thought of meeting with Kong Duanyou in Sanqu.

When they passed through the beech River, Kong Ruojun was tired and died of illness due to his long time climbing and wading.

His son Kong Duangong and others saw the beautiful scenery of the beech Creek. He also saw the corruption of the court and the power of the treacherous officials. He felt that he had no power to return to heaven. He was determined to abandon his official position and his salary. He lived in seclusion here for a long time. Zhixi village in Pan'an County is the site of the Southern Sect of Confucius in Wuzhou. It is one of the largest settlements of Confucius' descendants in the south.

With a history of only 800 years, "Wuzhou Nankong" has a population of more than 20000, which is spread all over the southeast of the motherland.

Architectural features

In the second year of song Baoyou, Li Zong pursued the merits of Duan Gong. According to the example of Confucius' family temple in Quzhou, he built a Confucius' family temple in front of Xingtan garden on the South Bank of chuchuan, and gave a gold plaque of "model of eternal learning" (which has been lost).

The Kongs family temple faces north from the south, surrounded by the beech stream from the front and facing the Jinzhong mountain from the distance. The whole building runs through the central axis and is composed of a gate tower, a stage, a shaft, a front hall, a hall, two small patios and a back hall.

After the construction of Kong's family temple, the government was responsible for the major maintenance in the yuan and Ming Dynasties. In the early Qing Dynasty, the family temple was destroyed by war. The existing building was rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty, but it also retained the architectural style of the song, yuan and Ming Dynasties.

The Confucius family temple in Zhixi well preserved its original historical appearance. In addition, the small streets and alleys formed by the scattered folk houses in the mountainous areas of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China around the Zhuxi Kongjia temple also give people a strong visual impact. There is a kind of ancient style and appearance around the whole Kongjia temple.

There are still well preserved tombs of Kong Ruojun and Kong Duangong near the temple. Beside the tombs is a huge cypress tree brought from Konglin, Shandong Province at that time.

The whole Kong family temple is integrated with the village of Zhixi and the surrounding mountains and rivers, which well reflects the philosophy of the unity of man and nature in ancient China.

Existing features

The existing Kongs' family temple, which faces north from the south, is a building in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty. The Confucius family temple was first built in the Baoyou period of the Southern Song Dynasty, from 1253 to 1258. At that time, Emperor LiZong of the Song Dynasty gave "Wuzhou Nankong" five levels of grace, one of which was to build a holy family temple in Xingtan garden on the South Bank of the Zhixi river. Since the Confucius family temple was built in the Baoyou period of the Southern Song Dynasty, it was funded by the government for many times in the yuan and Ming Dynasties. In the early Qing Dynasty, a peasant uprising took place in the area of Zhixi. The imperial court sent troops to suppress the uprising, and burned and killed the peasants. As a result, the temple was destroyed in the war. Later, the temple was rebuilt with funds raised by the Kongs. Although it is not as grand as the imperial edict, it is still well preserved. The whole building is composed of a gate tower, a stage, a front hall, a hall, and a back hall. It is symmetrical in left and right, with rigorous layout, grand momentum, and simple and strict. It has a width of 21.50 meters, a depth of 30.30 meters, an area of 880 square meters, 84 pillars, a three column structure, and a pavilion style stage. The front hall and the back hall are five bay, with the combination of beam lifting type and bucket piercing type. The small patio here is paved with even pebbles and flagstones. The pillars in the temple have the styles of song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. This small pillar records the history of vicissitudes. There is a plaque with the word "ruzai" hanging in the middle of the back hall of the temple, which means "the spirit of Confucius will be handed down forever". There is a couplet on both sides, which reads with profound meaning: "there is a true legend in the vein, the birthplace of Nishan is Yanshan Yuxiu, and the water source of Sisi is deep and the water of Guishui is long flowing.". In the early days, there was a gold plaque in the temple, which was also destroyed during the cultural revolution. Now the collection of cultural relics also includes "Kong's Genealogy", the memorial tablet of the supreme sage and the master, and the rubbings of Confucius' sculptures painted by Wu Daozi.

scenic spot

Jinzhong mountain and Lianhua city are the cemeteries of Kong Ruojun and Kong Duangong, the forefathers of Nankong in Wuzhou. In the eighth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, Kong Duangong, the judge of Dali temple, died and was buried with his wife. There is a cypress tree in front of the tomb, which was planted by Kong Duangong himself in that year. It has been more than 800 years. The tree is 34 meters high with a chest circumference of 5.6 meters. This cypress tree was brought by Kong Duangong from Qufu, Shandong Province, and transplanted here. It records the hardships of "Wuzhou Nankong" in its long journey and founding. If you look at it carefully, you can find that there are bullet holes left in the turbulent times on the cypress! Over the years, the descendants of the Kong family have raised funds to build stone pavilions, steles and hurdles here to express their nostalgia for their ancestors and add a lot of color to the ancient village.

Address: Zhixi village, Panfeng Township, Pan'an County, Zhejiang Province

Longitude: 120.53225924235

Latitude: 28.929418821956

Chinese PinYin : Ju Xi Kong Shi Jia Miao