Longguang Academy

Longguang Academy

Longguang academy, Fengcheng Wenbo academy, located in Rongtang, southwest of Fengcheng, is a famous academy privately run in Song Dynasty. It is named by Zhao Gou, Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty. It is included in the dictionary of Chinese academies.

history

In the second year of Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1128), "since the emperor Fu Gong Rui's son Ke Shao's father's ambition, he has inherited the creation and won more and more rewards." Chen Zifu said in the tribute ceremony of the portrait of kongyan shenggongjia Temple: "Fengcheng in Yuzhang is a city with unique Ziqi, a sword pool, a righteous school, an ancient county, a capital in the field, a province of Yanshi, and a gathering of talents." In April of 1132, Shaoxing second year, "go to Donglu (Shandong) Confucius Temple, take off the true image and return to the Academy." In the same year, "there was a secretary who wrote about it, and he was appointed to Longguang Academy." In the sixth year of Qiandao (1170), "ask Master Zhu of Ziyang to write a record of xinguangtang." By then, the Academy had begun to take shape.

According to Chen's genealogy, "after that, Chen Jiaqing, the son of Fu, and Jiajing (as a gift to wenlinlang, Shanggao county magistrate), joined forces to" donate money to build wanqingzhai, and wangguangting is on the right side of the Academy, which is a place to lean on. " From the Yuan Dynasty to the Da Dynasty, "Chen biqiang, the king of the Da Yuan mansion, cooperated with his brother Zongqiang to build the Academy, and built a treasure tower in the east of the sword pool." Chen Zongqiang, Jinshi of Yuan Dynasty and Xuelu of Guozijian, "rebuilt the lecture hall and expanded the land for more than 300 scholars from all over the world." It makes the "Longxue academy" a large-scale Academy.

According to the facts of Longguang academy, the main buildings are as follows: "Zhongli main hall, Houli Liujing building, Huishan hall, lecture hall, room and veranda, and more than 400 reading rooms for students, with orderly salt and iron." Ouyang guizhai (Ouyang Xuan), a scholar of the Yuan Dynasty, visited "Longguang academy, Wenming hall plaque and preface, which made the Academy famous all over the world", and was as famous as Bailudong Academy in Lushan. In the 800 years to the end of Qing Dynasty, there were many repairs. Chen Zhizhang's "records of Yitian in the Academy of classical learning" says: "at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the red scarf thieves plundered the countryside, and the Academy was burned down. There were countless people who escaped." The second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369) "is the value of Qingping, Xi Cheng Gong and his nephew qieyuan and liangce, Liang Chi and other 26 people, donated money for reconstruction." For more than ten years, he collected hundreds of gold and rebuilt Liujing building and Xinguang hall. In 1524, pan Ying, the magistrate of Jiajing County of Ming Dynasty, rebuilt the Academy, and in 1548, it was rebuilt. During the Wanli period, the Academy was burned down again and rebuilt again. In the fifth year of Daoguang (1800), 14 people, including Chen Zhiping, the grandson of the Chen family, gathered to build the academy and raised 1700 Wen; in the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858), 7 people, including Chen Hanfei, donated 347 liang of silver to build the academy and 343 liang of silver to each house; in the 34th year of Guangxu (1908), more than 20 people, including Chen Hanfeng, donated 507000 Wen to rebuild the Academy. However, it can maintain the original architectural scale and style, and maintain the normal teaching order.

scale

Longguang academy is one of the best academies in Fengcheng history. Its architectural style has the characteristics of quadrangle layout. Courtyard sitting north to south, before and after two points into. On the central axis, there are four black characters "Longguang academy" embedded on the front gate and the stone plaque. The real font is 2 meters long and 0.5 meters wide. It still exists today. The middle hall is the main hall with the statue of Confucius, the first is the six classics building with more than 3000 scriptures, and the second is Yangzhi hall. There are two wings in the East and west of the courtyard, with left and right verandas in front; on both sides of the middle are lecture hall, clothes Pavilion, guest hall, flower terrace, 100 reading rooms, Huishan hall, Xinguang Hall (Wenming Hall) and other buildings, all of which are of brick and wood structure. The building area of the hospital is 8000 square meters.

Scenery

Surrounded by red walls. The affiliated buildings outside the courtyard include mountain temple, Wangguang Pavilion, Jianguang temple, wanqingzhai, Canggu, etc. The whole courtyard covers an area of 25000 square meters. Its architectural layout is rigorous and standard, the shape is elegant and beautiful, with local characteristics. Here, towering ancient trees, pines and cypresses, beautiful environment.

creator

In 1107, the first year of Daguan in the Northern Song Dynasty, after Chen Rui moved to Ronghu, the first thing he did was to establish rongtangyi wuruxue. The fact of Longguang academy written by Chen tingzhang of Ming Dynasty says: "our ancestors, Ronghu, established the Academy in Dinghai, Daguan of Song Dynasty, and was on the list of Gufeng county. Lei kongzhang (Lei Huan), the commander of Jin Dynasty, dug the sword. Jianchi is famous all over the world. It enjoys the beauty of mountains and rivers. It is determined to set up a school of righteousness and educate the scholars in the countryside and the four directions. He donated 500 mu of land to Jianchi temple and Shansi Qiaopi. He was deeply moved

poems

The famous people of all ages wrote many poems to praise the beautiful scenery. Zhu Xi, a famous Confucianist and Neo Confucianist of the Song Dynasty, gave lectures for more than a month, and wrote a poem in Longguang academy, praising: "a glory brings Blue Mountains, and the sky wind and rain pass through the cloud pass; the trees float in the sky, and the Green Village dock is famous, and the spring falls, and the rainbow flows down the stone bay; the leopard perches in Chiling, and the Dragon rises in Jiantan, and the night light is cold; the rhyme of many years is in the trees in the east of the lake." Gan Weiyin of Ming Dynasty wrote eight poems about this, which expressed his feelings for the scenery. When Gan Xingren of Qing Dynasty was lecturing here, he wrote a poem "Longguang academy", praising: "the internal strife of Longguang sea is spread, the courtyard is majestic, Qi Ludong; hundreds of years after Ziyang left, I want to see thousands of ancient charm." It reflects the beauty of the Academy at that time.

historical significance

From its establishment to the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Longguang Academy was destroyed and transformed into a state-owned school, with a history of more than 800 years. It is one of the main places for the highest institutions at county level to cultivate talents of imperial examination. It plays an important role in the history of Fengcheng education. From the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, there were many scholars and celebrities who studied and taught here. Chen Qizhang of the Qing Dynasty said in the preface to the continuation of the Genealogy: "my ancestors subdued themselves. They should carve out their own land to create righteous learning and set up righteous fields. They urged famous Confucians to teach. There are many scholars from all over the world." Chen Zifu, the first to succeed his father's ambition, devoted himself to running a school and giving lectures tirelessly. In 1170, Zhu Xi was invited to give lectures for more than a month. Zhu Xi wrote in his Longguang academy Xinguang hall record: "Qiandao Geng yinsui also invited Chen Zifu, a friend of Rongtang, to name the hall of Longguang academy constructed by him. In the meantime, he said: Xinguang." He also inscribed a plaque on the "holy way in heaven" for the Academy, and asked scholars to gather for further study. According to Chen Mingxu's genealogy preface, "Zhu Zihui's residence lasted for more than a month, with 400 scholars." At the same time, he was accompanied by scholars, including Sheng Wenru (Chun Xi Ju Ren, Guan Fengjie Lang), Liu Chong (Guan Ti Xing Si GaN), and Yu Ge (Chun Xi Jin Shi, Guan Fangzhou Zhi Zhou, Hubei). Xu jideng of the Ming Dynasty said in the reconstruction of Longguang Academy: "in the Song Dynasty, Hui'an lost his master for a long time. He was like a scholar in qufei (Yu GE), a scholar in Wenru (Sheng Wenru), and all of them were called outstanding scholars". He taught Longguang Academy, "scholars from all directions came to Xu Guanyan, which was a great event." In the Yuan Dynasty, Chen biqiang, Chen benqiang and Chen Zhi (Jinshi in the first year of Yuantong and Yin in Gaoxian county) resigned from their official posts to teach in academies, taking the rise of gentleness as their own duty, and most of the famous Confucians from all over the world traveled there; in the 13th year of Zhizheng (1353), Chen Ximing, Chen Xizai, a doctor of the Ministry of punishment, and Chen Tianxiang, a eunuch of the Ministry of war, were selected as the Bishops' academies. In the Ming Dynasty, there was Chen yigongtai. In the first year of Jingtai, he was granted the imperial edict of Shandong Huangxing. In his later years, he gave lectures in the Academy. Fan Zhaoxiang's record of wenmingtang recorded: "Chen Junxi promoted the first division, paid homage to the censor, and went to Guangdong Qianshi.". In the Qing Dynasty, there were many Confucians, such as Luo BA (Qianlong Jinshi, guanhanyang Huangpi county magistrate), Ao zonghu (Qianlong Juren, Guanguang Zhenping county magistrate), Gan Xingren (Yongzheng Juren, Guangan Lixian County Magistrate), LV Guanghuan (Jiaqing Jinshi, Zhongshu of the cabinet, Professor of Ganzhou prefecture), LV Rong (Jiaqing Jinshi, guanhubu Langzhong), and so on, Cultivate a large number of talents for Fengyi. In the preface to Chen's genealogy in Rongtang, Yang xiboshan of Qing Dynasty said: "since the founding of the imperial court in Yiji, the high imperial edict plaque was decorated with the light of dragon, and the culture flourished for a time. From the famous people of Song Dynasty, we can see each other Many of them studied in Fengyi imperial examination and other high-ranking officials, especially in the Ming Dynasty. In Xu jideng's records of academies, it is said that "the most famous author of his disciples is Zhu Shishan (a native of Yanshan in HUTANG), who is famous for his appearance". He was a soldier of wenyuange University. "At the beginning of the Republic of China, Gan Buyi was only Yin, and he emphasized the rural evaluation with his writing. Chen Daixian was ruotai, and he took the Xianke examination; Yi was ruozhao, and he was named Yushi with his first rank."

Address: Rongtang, Fengcheng, Yichun, Jiangxi

Longitude: 115.72250366211

Latitude: 28.109916687012

Chinese PinYin : Long Guang Shu Yuan