Huating Temple

Huating temple is located on the hillside of Huating, Xishan, Kunming City, Yunnan Province. In the vast forest, a pavilion decorated with Danqing is hidden in the pines and cypresses. This is the famous gate of Huating temple, the bell tower. The clear sound of the bell rings in the mountains, which makes people feel "looking for the ancient temple, sitting in a small place, collecting people's pure".

Huating Temple

Huating temple is located on the hillside of Huating, Xishan, Kunming City, Yunnan Province. In the vast forest, a pavilion decorated with red and blue is hidden in the pines and cypresses forest. This is the famous gate of Huating temple, the bell tower. The clear bell rings in the mountains.

Huating Temple gives people the feeling of "looking for an ancient temple, sitting in a small place and collecting the masses".

The origin of the temple's name

The name Huating can be traced back to the Dali period. It is said that Gao Zhisheng, the Marquis of Shanshan, built a villa here in 1063. When his descendants Gao Xian, they named this mountain Huating. From then on, this place has always been a place for the Gao family to visit.

Huating temple, built in Yuan Dynasty, is a famous Buddhist temple in Kunming. In the seventh year of yuanyanyou (1320), Xuanfeng, an eminent monk, practiced in Maoan.

In the third year of Zhizhi (1323), the Da Guangming hall was built for the Buddha and twelve Yuanjue Bodhisattvas in Pilu. In the following years, Xuanfeng worked hard to build a big mountain gate and two corridors and two verandas, and the scale gradually increased.

"Qijian huayuanjue Temple stele" says: by 1334, "its abbot, Yutang, xiangpao, zuohu, YuanHou, QingHan, all of them were meticulous.". At this time, it is called Yuantong Temple.

Yuan to yuan five years (1339). Monk Xuanfeng went to the south of the Yangtze River in person and asked for a copy of the Tripitaka. There were 1465 letters in it. He built Duobao hall in Yuanjue temple for storage. Xuanfeng worked hard for more than 20 years to build Yuanjue temple into a Zen Temple of initial scale.

Once upon a time, Yuanjue temple was deserted and rebuilt several times. In 1453, Li Yi, a eunuch stationed in Yunnan Province by the imperial court, built Yuanjue temple. According to Chen Yi's stele to Huating temple, "expand its site and promote its rules." After renovation, "Zhongwei" is the great bright five light Buddha Hall.

Huating temple, after the Buddha Huabao Pavilion.

Layout structure

Huating temple, on the left and right of the hall are the hall of Qing Yin, the hall of monks, the hall of Qi, the abbot, the temple of monks, the statue of Chongyan, and the colorful paintings. To "Tianshun, the imperial name is Huating temple.". At the end of Ming Dynasty, Huating temple was destroyed by war. In 1687, Wang Jiwen, governor of Yunnan Province, rebuilt it.

In the seventh year of Xianfeng (1857), the Hui people in Yunnan revolted, and part of the buildings of Huating temple were destroyed by war. In 1883, it was rebuilt again, but on a small scale.

During the period of the Republic of China, Huating temple was desolate, with weeds and wild animals in the courtyard. In 1920, Tang Jiyao invited Zhou monk Xu Yun to Huating temple to preside over the Dharma Assembly, and recommended Chen's dead soldiers to protect the country and the Yasukuni. At the end of the meeting, Tang Jiyao asked monk Xuyun to preside over the reconstruction of Huating temple.

Xu Yun, with the support of the Tang family, built a complete renovation of Huating temple, built a sutra collection building, built a Dabei Pavilion, and plasticized 500 Arhats on both sides of the hall; moved the tombstone of Shiyan tower and others in front of the temple to the left wall of the dashanmen gate, built a free life pool in front of the temple, and built a Haihui tower behind the temple; built a bell tower beside the mountain gate, three stories high, with hollowed out doors and windows and carved flowers, hung a secluded bell in the upper floor, and bumped in the morning and dusk, Through the valley. The renovation project of the whole Huating Temple lasted for five or six years. Tang Jiyao inscribed the temple as "Jingguo Yunlou Temple".

After that, Yunlou Temple became the largest Zen jungle in Yunnan Province, with more than 50 monks. People are still used to calling it "Huating Temple".

Architectural style

Huating temple is a three-story temple with grand scale and strict layout. On the left, it leans on the reclining Buddha and Taihua mountain peak, on the right, it leans on the jade case and bizhuxiu, and on the front, it faces Dianchi Lake. Standing in front of the temple, you can see the mountains all around you. When the sky is clear, the water and the sky are the same, and the vast expanse of the lake reflects the peaks of the lake more magnificent and beautiful.

During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, Yang Sheng'an left a well-known couplet at the request of the monk Delin: "one water embraces the west of the city, with or without mist, and the monk with a staff goes back to the vast expanse; the peaks are facing you, the rain is clear, and the people leaning on the fence are in the picture." Song Hezhang, a modern man, extended the couplet into two quatrains. One of them is "one is the water, and the west of Shexi embraces the city. Deep in the white clouds, I can see the monk hanging his staff from time to time. " The second is "Liudan, you are heading towards the peaks, a rainy day and a sunny day. It should be in the chest of Mi's family. The man leaning on the fence is drawing. "

Although Huating temple is located in the middle of the mountain, the terrain is flat, with luxuriant forest and bamboo, green bamboo and pine, winding paths leading to seclusion, which is very elegant. There is such a couplet hanging outside the gate of the temple. "A thousand chapters around the trees, green pines and green bamboos; a smile when you go out, the sea and the sky are wide."

Because Huating temple is an ancient giant jungle temple, there are many poems written by predecessors. One of them, a five character poem "you Huating Temple" written by Xu Shi of the Qing Dynasty, was once praised in the poetry world: "ten years of Huai Sheng you, Si Chen went alone. Taking photos, I went over Chonggang, and linluan believed in canes. The rustle of all valleys, the strange sound of autumn wind. Pine and fir cover the sky, all the way into Sen Shuang. The rising sun shines with splendor, and the blue is deep and wide.

Ten steps have been taken three times, and Gaodeng's realm is wide open. There are four or five old monks on the stone moss. The city of Dian is bigger than the palm. Looking down at Kunming pool, it looks like a basin. All of a sudden, my vision is wide, and I am in the house of Luo. No matter what you see in the sky, you can see the boundless

Cultural heritage

According to the law volume of jieyunju mountain Zhenru temple, the inheritance law system of Huating temple is Fuyang sect. There are 13 Buddhist relic pagodas in the temple, the most famous of which is "Xuyun relic pagoda"; a piece of Buddhist relic is also worshipped in the temple; there are also ten steles of Ming, Qing, Republic of China and modern dynasties, and a collection of "dragon collection" given by Emperor Qianlong. There are stone sculptures of green lions and white elephants in the temple, which are auspicious signs of Buddhism, that is, "green lions offer auspicious signs, and white elephants present auspicious signs.".

Huating temple is located in the center of Xishan Forest Park in Kunming city. It lies in Taihua in the south, Biqiao in the north, Dianchi Lake in the East, red walls and green tiles, hidden in the dense forest. Huating temple is located in the west to the east of the mountain, which is different from the north to the south of the inland temple. This is one of the characteristics of Huating temple. It covers an area of 18 mu, the plane layout is rectangular, in the Buddhist architecture is axial symmetry, closed courtyard type. Its architectural features are deeply influenced by the rules of palace style and the rational beauty of Confucian culture. The three-dimensional buildings are arranged along the central axis, with the release pool, Tianwang hall, bagongde pool, Daxiong hall and Sutra collection building on the vertical axis.

main hall

From the left and right of the main hall, the horizontal axis is divided into the Sutra hall, the ancestral hall, the Abbot's room, the monk's hall, the guest hall, the bath hall, the storeroom, and the Xiangji kitchen. The main hall is the center of all the buildings, such as the stars and the moon, with strict rules and orderly arrangement. The entrance of Huating temple is a tall three story clock tower. The eaves of the bell tower are tilted and compared with the ancient trees. A couplet is hung on the lintel of the tower: "around the temple, there are thousands of chapters, green pines and bamboos; when you go out, you can have a smile and the sky is wide.". In the pool, countless swimming fish come and go, and they seem to enjoy themselves with tourists. In summer, the water lilies in the pool are red and white to welcome tourists. Opposite the pool is the majestic palace of the heavenly king.

Outside the hall, there are stone halls, green lions and white elephants. On both sides of the hall gate, there are two generals of hem and ha, sitting on the Jinqing beast with bare chest and arms, one holding a magic wand and the other holding a magic pestle, with a fierce look; on the central shrine in the hall, there is a gold body Dharma protector Wei Tuo, dressed in military uniform and holding a Vajra wand. On both sides of the hall, there are four vajras (the four heavenly kings): the increasing heavenly king holds the green light sword and the professional style; the Guangmu heavenly king holds the purple Golden Dragon Flower fox mink and the professional order. The four heavenly kings are in good weather. The God form of the statue is a combination of Hinduism and Chinese Taoism, which has high artistic value.

The scale

Out of the palace of the heavenly king, into the upper and lower courtyard. The lower courtyard is small and exquisite. There is a "bagongde pool" in the courtyard. A carved stone bridge named "Yonglian" is erected on the pool. The pool is divided into two parts. The small bridge flows water, which is exquisite and unique. There are rockery fish in the pool, and tengluozi, luohansong, camellia, gingko and Magnolia are planted in the hospital. Under the shade of rattan, there are stone tables and benches for visitors to rest; in the middle of the upper courtyard, there is a huge stone censer, which is surrounded by cigarettes all day, giving people a sense of transcendence. Facing the censer, it is a magnificent and majestic hall. It is the largest building in the Xishan garden.

The roof is decorated with fish, animal, bird and other animal shapes. In the center of the top of the hall is the gourd top. The front eaves of the hall are decorated with plaques such as "pure and solemn", "high mountains and deep sea". In the hall, the flags and curtains are draped, and the top of the pagoda is bright. There are five golden Buddha statues on the central shrine, all more than Zhang high.

In the middle is Sakyamuni, and on the left and right are the pharmacist Buddha and Amitabha Buddha, and the two venerable Buddhists, JIAYE and Ananda. The statue is dignified and serene, backed by a golden wheel. On the back of the shrine are statues of Avalokitesvara and 24 gods. There are five hundred Arhats on both sides of the hall, which are placed in the special arhat hall, while Huating Temple directly enshrines five hundred Arhats in the main hall, which is thought-provoking. The appearance, expression and manner of the Arhats are different, lifelike and ready to come out.

On both sides of the main hall are the Sutra hall, the ancestral hall, the Abbot's room, the monk's hall, the guest hall, the bath hall, the storeroom, the fragrant kitchen and other buildings. The cloisters are connected to make the courtyard connected. Behind the main hall is the Sutra library, resplendent and resplendent

Chinese PinYin : Hua Ting Si