Shishuang Temple

Shishuang Temple

Shishuang temple is located in Shuanghua mountain, Shizhuang village, Jingang town, Liuyang City, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 70 li away from the urban area.

Shishuang temple is a famous temple in Hunan Province, which is famous for its mountain. Shishuang mountain is located in Jingang town in the south of Liuyang City. It is famous for its steep mountain, beautiful water and frost. According to historical records, "in the heyday of Dharma and Taoism, Shishuang and Daowu were both places for selecting Buddhas." The temple was built during the reign of emperor Fu Zong of the Tang Dynasty.

Introduction to scenic spots

Shishuang temple is also known as Chongsheng Zen forest. Shishuang temple, Daowu temple, Baogai temple and Daguang temple are also known as the four ancestral halls of Liuyang. The former two temples are still prosperous, while the latter two temples are abandoned. According to the inscriptions and Shi Shuang Si Lue, the temple was built under the supervision of Pei Xiu, the Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty. Shishuang Temple once had jurisdiction over 48 monasteries and 5048 houses. In Tang Dynasty, Emperor Xizong gave 300 stones to xianghuotian. It is said that the mountain gate was closed on horseback. It has the name of "the temple is 90 feet high and the Buddha is 70 feet high", and the grand temple of "Liuyang Buddha" can be imagined. In addition, the statues of Pei Xiu and Bao Zheng were added by later generations.

The temple faces south from the north and is built according to the mountains. In its heyday, it covers an area of more than 10000 square meters, and today it has 3648 square meters. From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, it was repaired many times. Today, there are Daxiong hall, Guansheng hall, Yunshui hall, Hongyin Pavilion, ancestral hall, Abbot's room, guest dining hall, Hualiao Pavilion, etc. Some stone tablets and wooden plaques survived. The main hall is located in the center of the complex, with a total area of 764.4 square meters and a height of 18 meters. The Abbot's room is located at the top of the temple, with an area of 250 square meters and a height of 11 meters. There are 10 plaques preserved in the temple from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, the earliest of which was set up in 1873. The temple is famous for its high mountains, beautiful waters and frost. Bi Tian, a poet of the Song Dynasty, said:

The spring on the stone is sprayed with fierce frost, and the scene is strange, so a Buddhist temple is set up.

What's the use of wat? A thousand dead trees fill the hall.

The scenery near Shishuang temple is beautiful. Xu Xudan of Qing Dynasty wrote Shishuang temple

Spring deep jade hall purple moss seal, cluster around Pingshan Cui several heavy.

Birds recognize the sound of the chime and still eat. Clouds move to the pool and shadows just smell the bell.

Longhua changed into the golden world, and jiulingnan returned to baishezong.

I love yuangongqidun, and then I'll touch Changsong.

There are 18 scenes inside and outside Shishuang temple. There are LIANLI branches on the mountain, and a tree on both sides of the river meets each other across the river. There are guide pine, a row of pine, branch extension side, shape if guide. Another tiger climbs the spring. According to the records of Shishuang Temple written by Han Jing, the magistrate of Liuyang County during the reign of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, "it is said that when the mountain was opened, the monk was struggling far away and suddenly heard the tiger roaring at night. Jiedan, as cliff between the stone wall, there are traces of tiger claws, spring five spout, such as boiling, the name of tiger spring. The power of Gai Daoli is great, and beasts are also effective. " Liu Yang you gong Huang Zheng, who was the salt transportation envoy of Guangdong and Guangxi in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, wrote the poem "tiger climbs the spring"

Several pieces of cassock land, the beginning of the temple.

It's said that the spring is exhausted, and the tiger once combed it.

Hongxue still remains its seal, and Longyun is the only one who has her.

There is no need to rely on emptiness.

Historical evolution

Shishuang temple was founded in the Tang Dynasty (874-888 years) by the hands of samanthus. Qingzhu? According to the legend of the five Lantern Festival yuan, Li, a native of Xingan (now Qingjiang, Jiangxi Province), worshipped shaoluan as his teacher and became a monk. At first, he visited Lingyou in Mount Taishan and worked as a rice head in miyin temple. Later, he visited Zongzhi in Daowu mountain. One day, Zong Zhi said, "there is something in my heart that I have been suffering for a long time. Who can get rid of it for me?" Qingzhu replied: "everything is not, except the benefits and dangers." He was praised by his family wisdom and granted the title of Puhui Zen master. It is said that when Qingzhu first arrived at Shishuang mountain, he found Lizheng and asked for a piece of land the size of cassock to build a temple. After Lizheng agreed, Qingzhu threw the cassock into the air and covered MoZhuang and duzhuang. Shizhuang three village land. Li Zheng was shocked and regretted. After negotiation, he set aside Shizhuang to build a temple and celebrated Zhu as the abbot. Pei Xiu, the prime minister, was demoted as an observation envoy of Hunan Province. He believed in Buddhism and visited Zhihu. Qingzhu pointed to his Wat and said, "this thing is a Wat in the hands of the emperor, a Wat in the hands of the officials, and what is it called in the hands of the old monk?" Pei Xiu speechless, left Wat, built after wat hall. Although this Wat was lost many times, it eventually returned to Zhao. It is still in existence today. It is one of the eight treasures in the temple. Qingzhu lived in Shishuang temple for 30 years. There were thousands of followers among them, seven or eight out of ten of them could not sit down. They were standing like a tree. They were called "dead wood Zen" and had a great reputation. The Tang clan gave purple clothes, but did not accept them. Later, they built temples for them, which were supervised by Pei Xiu. Shishuang Temple became a famous temple in Hunan. It is said that Puwen Zen master, the third son of Fu Zong in Tang Dynasty, became a monk in Shishuang temple. His name is "Longhu", and there are old relics of "taiziqiao" in the mountain stream. Ci Ming, Chu Tu and their disciples Hui Nan and Fang Hui preached in Huanglongshan and yangqishan, and founded two schools of Buddhism: Huanglong and Yangqi.

Later, famous monks such as Chuyuan, Fanghui and Huinan emerged in large numbers and became the common ancestral court of Yangqi sect and Huanglong sect of Linji sect, which played an extremely important role in the history of Zen in China and Japan. Some Japanese scholars came here to learn the Dharma. After returning to China, he founded Linji sect and Zhongyan sect in Japanese Buddhism. In 1983, the fifth visit to China by the Department of Buddhism of Kuzawa University visited Shiba temple and paid homage to the tombs of the pagodas.

Architectural features

The Shishuang temple in Tang Dynasty is magnificent in architecture and solemn in Buddha statue. After the completion of the temple, the imperial court gave the incense field to finance the temple. At that time, the stone frost had beautiful scenery and many historic sites. The "inner eight sceneries" include a thousand monks' pot, a bed of ten thousand people, an ivory court Wat, a master's cassock, a Zen stick, a Baogong inkstone pool, a dead wood hall, and a self ringing bell. "Eight scenes" include Huba spring, salt and vinegar well, Feilai tower, fairy shoe drying, Shanren playing chess, immortal grinding, daguling and Toad dripping. In addition, there are many myths and legends near the temple, which are quite interesting. Meeting across the river, immortal chair, Shangma stone, Muyu stone, Guangong bridge, chessboard stone, Yinlu pine, Taizi bridge and so on, all according to the natural scenery, randomly named, attractive. In front of the temple and behind the temple, there are one ancient cypress and one ancient gingko. It is said that when the cypress was still a seedling, it tilted to the left. When the little hermit wanted to be pulled out, he was stopped by Qingzhu and surrounded by earth and stone. Therefore, it is named zuobai. It is 30 meters high, 80 cm in diameter at breast height and luxuriant in branches and leaves. Today, trees are dying, and there are many pagodas. Monk Qingzhu, the founder of the temple, and his successors are buried near the back mountain of the temple, while ancient cypresses and gingko still stand behind the temple.

Moral Zen master

summary

The famous ones are Puhui (Qingzhu), Ciming (Chuyuan), Puwen (Longhu), Huinan, Fanghui, etc. There are five schools of Zen in China, two of which originated from Shishuang temple. "Chinese Buddhism" says: "there are Chuyuan, living in Shishuang, Chongsheng temple, Xinghua, under which there are Huinan, Fanghui, kaihuanglong and Yangqi, which are the top five schools and are called Qizong. At the same time or later with Qingzhu, the famous Zen masters such as Dashan, XingKong and Huihui were also active in Shishuang temple. Dashan is the successor of the first Dharma, XingKong is the master of Baizhang Huaihai, and Chan Hui is the successor of Qingzhu Dharma. These people are from the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. In addition, the wisdom tombstone of master qingzhuchuan's father Wuzong has never been moved here. In the Song Dynasty, there were many Zen masters in Shishuang temple. Shi Shuang Chu Yuan, FA Yong, Jie Cheng, Shi Shuang Lin, Shou sun, Zong Jian and others can be found in Zen historical records. Chuyuan is one of the most famous figures in the country. Shishuang Temple got its name from him.

Chuyuan

It is also known as Ci Ming (987-1040) because it lived in Shishuang temple in Tanzhou, so it is called Shishuang Chuyuan. He was a 22-year-old monk in Yinjing Temple of Xiangshan. He went to the north to visit Shanzhao of Linji sect. Later, Shi Shuang and Chu Yuan spread the method to Yang Qi Fang Hui and opened Yang Qi sect, and then spread it to Huang Long Hui Nan and opened Huang Long sect. Chu Yuan served in Shanzhao for seven years and resigned. He discussed Zen with neihan Yang Danian and his son-in-law Du Wei Li zunxu. From then on, he went back and forth between Yang and Li and became friends. Later, he returned to the South with his mother and lived in Dongshan, Jiangxi Province, Yangshan, Yichun, etc. Huang zongdan, the prefect of Yichun, asked him to live in Nanyuan for three years and then abandon him. Later, he paid a visit to Hongyan, Shending mountain in Xiangyin. From then on, he was named chongconglin. Hongyan's evaluation of Chuyuan was: "Chuyuan has unique opinions and can make Linji prosperous." He first went to Daowu temple, then lived in Shishuang temple, Fuyan temple in Nanyue and Xinghua temple in Changsha. He put a sword in the Abbot's room and put a straw sandal and a basin of water beside the sword. Every time someone comes, they say, "look, look." In the first year of Baoyuan (1038), Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty, Li zunxu sent someone to invite him to the capital. Only a month later, zunxu died, and Chuyuan himself was buried in the tomb hill. Before long, Renzong granted the official ship to return to the south. Renzong Kangding first year (1040), died in Changsha Xinghua temple, when 54 years old, built the tower in Liuyang Shishuang temple. During the period of Emperor Taizong, Emperor Zhenzong and Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty, linjizong only spread in the north before him, but gradually spread to the South because of his efforts. His disciples include Huinan, Fanghui, Kezhen, zanyuan, Shanzheng, Youhui, Guangyong, Daokuan, Wuzhen, Baoxin, Weizheng, Yunliang, WeiLuo, Deqian, benyan, yuanchan master and Dezhang. Among them, Fanghui and Huinan are the most famous.

Fang Hui

The common surname is Leng, from Yichun, Yuanzhou. He once visited Jiufeng Mountain in Junzhou, Jiangxi Province, and lost his hair as a monk. He went to Shishuang temple to visit Chuyuan and got the Dharma, went back and forth to Yangqi mountain in Yuanzhou to spread the Dharma, and opened the Yangqi sect. He passed on it successively through Baiyun Shouduan, Wuzu fayan, Longmen Qingyuan, Xuetang Daoxing, Huian Huiguang, and mengan Yuancong, and then spread it to the Japanese monk Quan chanting JUNHE. Huinan, another descendant of Chuyuan, was born in huaiyushan, Xinzhou, Jiangxi Province. At the age of 11, he became a monk. He was a teacher of zhiluan in dingshuiyuan of huaiyushan. At the age of 19, he was given a full commandment. He traveled to Lushan Mountain to practice Zen and was trapped

Chinese PinYin : Shi Shuang Si