Guatai mountain

Guatai mountain, about 15 kilometers away from Tianshui City, is said to be the place where Fuxi looked up at the sky, looked down on the earth and began to draw eight trigrams. Because of its shape and water potential, it is known as "the first mountain in China".

Climbing on the top of guatai mountain and overlooking sanyangchuan, it is not difficult to find that the ancient Weihe river bends into an "s" shape from east to west, dividing the oval sanyangchuan basin into two, forming a natural Taiji map. The top of guatai mountain is spacious and flat, with Fuxi temple, Meridian Gate, archway, bell tower, ancient building, theater tower, court room, etc. there is a wood carving with a diameter of 64 cm and a thickness of about 10 cm, which is extremely precious.

Guatai mountain

Guatai mountain is said to be the place where Fuxi looked up at the sky, looked down at the earth, and began to draw eight trigrams. It is located in the northwest end of Sanyang Sichuan in Tianshui City, and now governs Weinan town in Maiji District, about 15 kilometers away from Tianshui city. Guatai mountain, like a dragon, protrudes from the mountains. It is surrounded by temples and pavilions. The Weihe River circulates. It is beautiful and beautiful. Climbing on the top of guatai mountain and overlooking sanyangchuan, it is not difficult to find that the ancient Weihe river bends into an "s" shape from east to west, dividing the oval sanyangchuan basin into two, forming a natural Taiji map. The top of guatai mountain is spacious and flat. There are Fuxi temple, Meridian Gate, archway, bell tower, ancient tower, theater tower, court room, etc. there is a wood carving "complete picture of Fuxi 64 hexagrams and 28 sleeping places" with a diameter of 64 cm and a thickness of about 10 cm, which is extremely precious. Zhang Yuanliang, President of the Chinese six classics academic research association in Taiwan, first inspected the mountains and rivers of the whole country, and then carefully explored and studied the huaguatai and the surrounding mountains and water potential with the most advanced instruments. He praised sanyangchuan as "the unique place of Taiji" and guatai mountain as "the first mountain in China".

Basic information

Documentation

According to the hexagram Tai Ji written by Hu zuanzong of Ming Dynasty, "the sun shines in the morning, and the sun shines in the sky; the sun shines in the sky, and the sun shines in the sky; the sun shines in the sky, and the sun shines in the sky." Thus it became the famous scenery of Tianshui. In one day, Sanyang was quite different and supernatural. Across the river from guatai mountain, there is a dragon horse cave. The cave is deep and the spring is murmuring. Every time there is fog, the clouds seal the cave, giving people the feeling of dragon and horse. In the center of Weihe River at the eastern foot of guatai, there are several beaches, which are similar to the pattern of Taiji. At the juncture of Tan River, there is a big stone, about five feet wide and eight feet high. It is not round but not square. It looks like a bamboo shoot, like the true picture of dragon and horse, and like the original picture of Taiji. Every time the water rises, the torrent rushes the stone, the stone is hidden, the water is swirling and splashing, making a sound; when the water falls, the Weihe river slowly floats on the river, and the setting sun shines obliquely. This is the famous wonder of distraction stone. It's said that the dragon horse negative picture comes out of the water, and it's matched with the stone Taiji picture in the Weihe River. Fuxi can't help being touched by the eight trigrams.

geographical position

Guatai mountain is located in sanyangchuan, 30 kilometers north of Tianshui city. On the mountain there is a platform for drawing eight trigrams created by Fuxi. The mountains here are green and the Weihe River circulates. There are several beaches in the center of Weihe River, which are similar to the pattern of Taiji. At the junction of beaches and rivers, there is a big stone, which is not square but not round. It looks like a bamboo shoot. It is close to the solid but empty. It is like a picture of Taiji. It is called distraction stone. It is across the river from huaguatai. There is Longma mountain, and there is Longma cave on the mountain. When clouds seal the cave, it gives people the feeling of dragon and horse. Painted hexagram Tainan Wulong mountain, Fengdu temple, built in the Han Dynasty. It is said that when Fuxi was painting the hexagram platform, he listened to the wind of dafengtai, looked at the terrain of dafengtai, and drew the southeast Fu San. It was also the "Xun" in the eight trigrams, which was used to symbolize the wind. When autumn is fresh and refreshing, listening to the autumn sound of Weishui River under the stage, overlooking the mountains and rivers, and thinking about Emperor Longde's sacred heart can inspire people's feelings for the long history of heaven and earth. Zhang Yuanliang, President of the Chinese six classics academic research association in Taiwan, first inspected the mountains and rivers of the whole country, and then carefully explored and studied the huaguatai and the surrounding mountains and water potential with the most advanced instruments. He praised sanyangchuan as "the unique place of Taiji" and guatai mountain as "the first mountain in China".

Main buildings

The top of guatai mountain is spacious and flat. There are Fuxi temple, Meridian Gate, archway, bell tower, ancient tower, theater tower, court room, etc. there is a wood carving "complete picture of Fuxi 64 hexagrams and 28 sleeping places" with a diameter of 64 cm and a thickness of about 10 cm, which is extremely precious.

Ruins

In July 1947, archaeologist Pei Wenzhong discovered guatai mountain as the site of prehistoric human activities in sanyangchuan along the Weihe River. During the national cultural relics survey in the 1980s, it was found that the ancient cultural accumulation layer of guatai mountain is 0.2-0.5 meters thick. On the cliff, there are ash layer, ash pit, ash living surface, ash residue and other relics. More than 50 pieces of stone tools, pottery, bone ware, etc. were unearthed. After identification, they are more than 5000 years old. In September 2002, the "Gansu investigation team" sent by the project implementation Department of the Secretariat of the "Chinese link" project Organizing Committee of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, when selecting the site of the "Chinese ancestor worship base", inspected guatai mountain and submitted an investigation report "During the investigation, we found in the Fuxi Temple site and the sacrificial pit of guatai mountain the sacrificial objects of ancient Chinese ancestors since the pre Qin period, as well as the sacrificial objects symbolizing the Chinese ancestors -- the largest, oldest and best preserved stone ancestor in China (stone male genitalia, about 5000-6000 years ago), which is the time of patriarchy of the Chinese nation It's a symbol of generation. Taking this new discovery as a clue, the investigation team conducted a comprehensive exploration of the whole guatai mountain and visited the Huajia old people in the surrounding villages, sorting out complete archaeological data and word-of-mouth data. During the field exploration of the whole guatai mountain, it was found that about 500 meters away from the northeast corner of the city site, there are many architectural relics, such as gray layer pottery pieces, stone tools, bricks and tiles, bone bones, column foundations, white plaster mud and so on. The ground pottery pieces are mainly from prehistoric times. The famous archaeologist specially invited by the investigation team said that after decades of archaeological work and numerous archaeological excavations, it is rare to see archaeological sites with such dense cultural accumulation and complete ages. By combing word-of-mouth data and on-site exploration, we believe that guatai mountain area is likely to be the place for ancestors' sacrifice 8000 years ago.

Folklore

The legend of Fuxi

1. Introduction to Fuxi: Fuxi is the ancestor of human beings in ancient myths and legends. It has been handed down from generation to generation that Fuxi was born in ancient Chengji (today's water), so it's natural to build Fuxi temple in Tianshui. The legendary Fuxi, a superman of wisdom, is different from others. He is tall and strong, intelligent and powerful. Suirenshi discovered Fuxi, and soon gave way to him to dominate the world. He often pays attention to observe, analyze and study various natural phenomena, and gets a lot of inspiration from them, so he thinks about making a lot of inventions. Ancient people used primitive tools such as stones and sticks to catch fish, birds and animals. From observing and studying the law of spiders' netting and catching insects, Fuxi invented the method of rubbing ropes, weaving fishing nets and catching fish and shrimp in the water, which greatly developed the productivity of primitive society. Fuxi also inherited and developed the achievements of Suiren's drilling wood for fire, popularized the experience of drilling wood for fire and preserving fire seeds, and further created the habit of baking, roasting, steaming, cooking and eating cooked food. This is a fundamental improvement to the primitive living habits of that time. According to legend, Fuxi's greatest contribution to ancient society is to teach people to draw and use eight trigrams. Eight trigrams are eight symbols representing eight things in nature: Heaven, earth, water, fire, mountain, thunder, wind and Ze. Fuxi created this set of symbols, taught people to draw and read, and told people about the nature of these eight natural phenomena and some relations between them, to help people gradually understand some of the laws of natural disasters, and how to avoid the harm of these natural disasters. The use of eight trigrams can deduce the changes of many things and predict the development of things. It is said that many of the mysteries in the eight diagrams are still elusive to modern people.

2. Fuxi's creation: it is said that Fuxi taught people to "rent for fishing; make letters and deeds to replace the policy of tying ropes; make weddings with Li Pi as a gift; set up nine divisions, set up six assistants, and call them dragon masters; meditate on Bo Niu, drill wood for fire, and teach people cooked food; make calendars, set solar terms, and news about misfortunes and blessings, so as to make misfortunes and blessings; taste hundreds of medicines, make nine needles, so as to save great diseases; make Qin and Se, so as to make music, and establish divination ”And then "look up at the sky, look down at the earth, and begin to draw the eight trigrams". The Eight Trigram symbols representing the eight natural phenomena of "heaven, earth, water, fire, mountain, thunder, wind, and Ze" in the nature are on the hexagram. Hence the name of guatai mountain, which stands in the west of my hometown. Fuxi. This is not exaggeration, because Fuxi painted hexagrams on the top of guatai mountain. Standing on the top of guatai mountain, the whole Sanyang river is an ellipse, and the Wei River is surging. It is in the shape of "s" and goes eastward around guatai mountain, which is very similar to the shape of eight trigrams. Hu zuanzong of the Ming Dynasty said in the hexagram platform record: "when the sun rises, the platform will shine; when the sun rises in the sky, the platform will be bright; when the setting sun returns, the platform will soar. In one day, Sanyang is quite different, quite supernatural. " Fuxi must have seen such a spectacle at that time. He was inspired and created the eight trigrams. Thousands of years of Chinese civilization began. It is because of his achievements that he became the first of the three emperors and five emperors, and also the ancestor of human civilization that has been highly respected for thousands of years. More than 5000 years later, in 1992, another Chinese emperor came to Fuxi temple in Tianshui and inscribed the plaque of "hometown of emperor Xi" with reverence

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