Dingjun mountain

Dingjun mountain

Dingjun mountain, located 5km south of Mianxian County, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, is an ancient battlefield during the Three Kingdoms period. It has the reputation of "if you get Dingjun mountain, you will get Hanzhong, if you get Hanzhong, you will get the world". Dingjun mountain is now a provincial scenic spot.

Dingjun mountain is famous for the killing of Xia Houyuan, a general of Cao Wei Dynasty, by Huang Zhong, a great general of Shu Han Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms period. The first film in China, Beijing Opera Dingjun mountain, is mainly about the battle of Dingjun mountain in the Three Kingdoms period, in which Huang Zhong chopped Xia Houyuan.

Brief introduction to Dingjunshan

Dingjun mountain belongs to the Daba mountain range. Its veins run from Gaomiaozi to the flat ground, uplifting twelve Xiufeng. From Shishanzi to Yuanshanzi, it is known as "Twelve Lianfeng". Then to the East, it is the solitary peak of Dangkou temple, stretching more than ten kilometers from west to East. It is like a dragon playing with pearls, so it is known as "one pearl in twelve Lianshan". Dingjun mountain, the highest peak, is 833 meters above sea level. The original stone tablet of "ancient Dingjun mountain" on the top of the mountain was destroyed during the cultural revolution and is now newly established. In the south of the mountain, there is a natural pot shaped depression with a circumference of 1.5 kilometers, which is called "Yangtian depression" during the Three Kingdoms period. There is a vast and fertile field at the northern foot of the mountain, which is wuhouping where Zhuge Liang laid out the "eight array map" and set up the "supervision altar". On the battlefield of Huang Zhong's war against XiaHouYuan, "Zhama nail" and arrowhead are often found, which are said to be used by the Shu army. On the side of the mountain, there are "Zhanjiang bridge" and "octagonal glazed well" with octagonal shape and thin leaf and fine pattern made of Han bricks. There is a big stone about 3.3 meters high and 2 meters wide in the middle of the mountain. It is called "shield". It is said that Zhuge Liang hid the enemy's arrow.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Huang Zhong, a general of Shu, chopped down Xia Houyuan and Zhao Yong, which was famous in history.

According to the records in the annals of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Shu, biography of Zhuge Liang, Zhuge Liang ordered to "bury Dingjun mountain in Hanzhong"

So the tomb of marquis Wu was built at the foot of Dingjun mountain. Huang Zhong was also buried at the foot of Dingjun mountain after his death. In the Qing Dynasty, Liu Yuan moved his tomb to jiyashu in Chengdu, but his tomb was destroyed during the cultural revolution.

According to the new records of Mianxian County, in the third year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1133), Jin people were trapped in Yangzhou (now Yangxian county) and forced into Xingyuan (now Hanzhong), and song general Liu Ziyu invited Wu Li to guard Dingjun mountain.

geographical environment

Traffic conditions

Located 5 kilometers south of the city, the Three Kingdoms period was the ancient battlefield where the Wei and Shu armies fought.

There are more than ten kilometers from west to east of the twelve linked mountains, just like a dragon playing with pearls, known as "one pearl of the twelve linked mountains".

You can take bus No.5 from the county.

Hydrological climate

Dingjun mountain is located in the North-South boundary of China and the watershed of rivers. It has four distinct seasons, mild climate, no severe cold in winter, no severe heat in summer and abundant rainfall.

Geology and geomorphology

Dingjun mountain is not as towering as the main vein of Daba Mountain, stretching for hundreds of miles. It is like a string of beads, stretching nearly east-west. It is located in the south of Hanjiang River, near the East-West major faults of Lueyang, Mianxian and Yangxian, and in the south of the intersection of Yangpingguan and Mianxian major faults.

Along the northern margin of Dingjun mountain, there are large faults with dip angle of more than 60 degrees in the east-west direction. In the piedmont zone, the attitude of rock strata varies greatly, and fault breccia can be seen. Therefore, the contact between the northern margin of Dingjun mountain and the flat land should belong to fault contact. The geological structure of Dingjunshan is complex and the metallogenic conditions are superior.

Cause of formation

The extension direction of Dingjunshan mountain range is controlled by a group of large faults with nearly East-West strike. Due to the difference of tectonic movement, the strata on the north side of Dingjunshan mountain subsided, thus forming an open plain in front of the mountain. The height difference between Dingjun mountain and flat land is 250m, and the front of the mountain is Quaternary sediments.

The formation of the twelve Lianzhu mountains should be related to a group of faults with an elevation angle striking to the north by East. A group of faults in the north by East cut the originally continuous Sinian strata into several sections, and then after long-term weathering and denudation, gradually formed twelve low mountains like Lianzhu.

Resources and products

Junshan fox (Beaver)

Yellow and white, mixed with black spots, the tail with the "day" word pattern for the most valuable, once a tribute.

Tea:

"Dingjun brand" tea series, represented by "Dingjun Mingmei", is famous all over the world. Since the 1980s, Dingjun mountain, an ancient battlefield with an altitude of 800-1380m at the source of Hanjiang River, has established an ecological tea garden without pollution. The tea area is surrounded by fog all the year round, with humid climate, diffuse light, short sunshine, fertile and slightly acidic soil. Its unique climate and soil conditions have formed a unique quality of tea. "Dingjun Mingmei" has won many awards for its "uniform appearance, delicate appearance, tender green color, tender fragrance, fresh taste, bright yellow green soup color, tender green leaf bottom and complete tea". It has won the first prize of famous tea in Western China, "Luyu Cup" award, silver award of China's first Agricultural Expo, gold award of Shaanxi famous tea and Hanzhong high quality product award. It was awarded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1996 The general office of the CPC Central Committee chose tea for the state banquet.

mineral products:

Tielugou Dingjunshan dolomite ore belt, limestone, shallow sea sedimentary type. There is a cement plant nearby.

historical event

The battle of Dingjun mountain

219 A.D. Liu Bei camped on Dingjun mountain and burned the antlers of XiaHouYuan army at night. Xia Houyuan then sent Zhang Ying to guard the East and led his troops to guard the south.

Liu Bei dispatched more than 10000 troops and divided them into ten units to attack Zhang Ying. Zhang Ying fought in person, but Liu Bei was hard to conquer. Hearing this, Xia Houyuan sent half of his troops to rescue Zhang Ying. Seeing that the time was ripe, Liu Bei asked Huang Zhong to attack Nanwei. At this time, in Nanwei, Xia Houyuan was leading 400 soldiers to repair antlers. Huang Zhong, taking advantage of the high terrain, yelled loudly and attacked Xia Houyuan's army from a commanding position. Xia Houyuan was unprepared and died. The XiaHouYuan army lost its commander and was defeated rapidly. Liu Bei's army took the opportunity to break through the camp of XiaHouYuan and won a decisive victory.

Cao and Liu had been stuck together for several years in Hanzhong, and it was hard to distinguish between them. It was this crucial World War I that brought about a significant change in the situation, and the balance of victory finally began to tilt.

Dingjunshan witnessed the rise and glory of Liu Bei.

tourist resources

The tomb of marquis Wu is backed by Bifeng mountain. In the southwest, there is Dingjun mountain. The main peak breathes and breathes. Even the peaks run across and the wall stands like a screen. In the northwest, there are the remaining veins of Bashan mountain, high and majestic, either leaping straight out or winding. According to the county annals, "when the moon is bright, suddenly you see the banners flashing on the top of Dingjun mountain, and the accounting rooms are uneven. All over the world, there are no soldiers.

In the center of the parking lot on the left side of the tomb gate, there is a white stone statue of Zhuge. When you enter the tomb of marquis Wu, you can see the undulating hills in front of you, such as qianshuanliang, houbifeng mountain, zutudiling and youwugang mountain, which tightly enclose the tomb of marquis Wu. When you turn around the shuanliang, you suddenly see a bright view in front of you. The Yudai River meanders past the inner Mountain Gate, adding a bit of quiet and mysterious color to the scenic spot.

Entering the inner Mountain Gate, you can see two lifelike murals on the side of the mountain gate. One depicts Liu Bei's second trip to Longzhong to invite Zhuge Liang out of the mountain in order to make a comeback. In the picture, Liu, Guan and Zhang smash the door and welcome each other. The other depicts Zhuge Liang's death in the former army. Before he died, he told Jiang Wei and Yang Yi what to do.

Worship hall is the place where people worship and sacrifice Marquis Wu, also known as "Xian Dian". Just above the hall of worship is a plaque presented by local folk groups in the third year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty.

The main building of Wuhou's tomb, the main hall, is dedicated to a group of precious clay sculptures in the late Ming Dynasty. The lintel of the main hall was inscribed by a governor during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, which read: "eternal clouds".

Above and in the middle of the shrine is Zhuge Liang's sitting statue, with his left hand touching his knees and his right hand holding a roll. His eyes are meditating, as if he is planning a strategy and winning a thousand miles away. Two children hold a sword and a handful of seals, standing on the left and right. Under the niche, there are general Guan Xing (son of Guan Yu) on the left and general Zhang Bao (son of Zhang Fei) on the right, with powerful posture and guarding both sides.

After the statue, there are four screen murals from left to right: (1) Liu Bei wanted to return to Xichuan after winning the battle of Dingjun mountain, leaving general Wei Yanzhen to guard Hanzhong; (2) Huang Zhong, a Veteran General of Shu Dynasty, chopped Cao Wei's famous general Xia Houyuan in the battle of Dingjun mountain; (3) Zhuge Liang dispatched troops during the Northern Expedition; (4) Liu Bei, who was over 50 years old, went to Dongwu to recruit relatives. On both sides of the hall are woodcut Zhuge Liang's literary works Longzhongdui and jiezishu. On one side of the hall, chushibiao was written by Yue Fei, a famous anti Jin general in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Standing in the central courtyard, looking around, there are many layers of plaques and towering ancient trees. Among them, the cypresses specially protected by the green fence are all Han cypresses, which were planted by Marquis Wu when he was buried here. What's more, the pair of ancient Chinese cypresses, thick to three people, branches across the sky to block out the sun, shade and cold, showing the temperament of "containing the spirit of heaven alone".

After the main hall, Zhuge Liang's tomb stands in awe with green grass. The bucket shaped tomb is the shape of the tomb of the noble of Han Dynasty. Surrounded by white marble guardrail enclosure, stone railing relief 35 "ZHUGE Liang life" story patterns. The tomb faces to the West and the East, implying the long cherished wish of "never forget the northern expedition, rejuvenate the Han Dynasty and return to the old capital".

Stories and legends

When the news of Zhuge Liang's death spread to the kingdom of Shu, both the officials and the people mourned for it. Worshippers and mourners could be seen everywhere in the streets and fields, which led to the confusion of the "ritual rank" at that time. For this reason, the infantry captain Xi long, Zhongshu Lang xiangchong and other military officers and generals jointly wrote to the rear leader Liu Chan, quoting classics, Chen said

Chinese PinYin : Ding Jun1 Shan