Former site of Hunan Provincial CPC Committee

The former site of the CPC Hunan Provincial Committee is located in Wenjia City, an ancient town at the junction of the four counties on the border of Hunan and Jiangxi. It is a famous patriotic education base in China. The former meeting site of Wenjia City in Autumn Harvest Uprising is located 51 kilometers southeast of Liuyang County, Hunan Province. It was originally Wenhua Academy of Liuyang County in Qing Dynasty. It was built in 1841 and changed into Liren school in 1912. The whole complex has a large scale, with more than 20 buildings, including front and back hall, East and west two rooms, Wenchang Pavilion, Chengde hall, etc. After the August 7th Meeting of the CPC Central Committee in 1927, Comrade Mao Zedong returned to Hunan and organized the first division of the first army of the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army as a special commissioner of the CPC Central Committee, and launched the Autumn Harvest Uprising in Hunan and Jiangxi on September 9. The uprising army once occupied Liuyang and Liling county. After the defeat, Mao Zedong led the army to gather in Wenhua Academy (Liren school) on the 19th, and presided over a meeting of the former enemy Committee here that night. He cancelled the plan to attack Changsha and decided that the next stage of March was in the middle of Luoxiao mountains. The next day, after the division meeting, the army began to march to Jinggangshan. The former meeting site of Wenjia City in the Autumn Harvest Uprising now contains the living room of Mao Zedong, the meeting room of the former enemy Committee, the meeting lawn and other sites. There is an exhibition hall of the historical deeds of the Autumn Harvest Uprising in Wenjia City.

Former site of Hunan Provincial CPC Committee

The former site of the CPC Hunan Provincial Committee is located in Yongfeng Town, Shuangfeng County, Hunan Province. In the middle of the Anti Japanese War (from the autumn of 1940 to the winter of 1942), the CPC Hunan Provincial Committee transferred the leading organ of the Provincial Committee from Shaoyang to Shuangfeng County. At that time, the provincial Party committee leaders Gao Wenhua, Yuan Xuezhi and Wen Shizhen lived in seclusion near Yongfeng Town, Hongshandian and jiebutou respectively to carry out revolutionary work and lead the Anti Japanese struggle of the whole province. In March 1942, the first working conference of Hunan Provincial Committee of CPC was held in lianbutou good neighbor hall, where wenshizhen lived in seclusion. In the winter of the same year, Gao, yuan and Wen went to Yan'an one after another. Zhou Li and others took over the work of the provincial Party committee. Now the construction of the good neighbor hall is still in progress.

historical background

In the middle of the Anti Japanese War (from the autumn of 1940 to the winter of 1942), the CPC Hunan Provincial Committee transferred the leading organ of the Provincial Committee from Shaoyang to Shuangfeng County. At that time, the provincial Party committee leaders Gao Wenhua, Yuan Xuezhi and Wen Shizhen lived in seclusion near Yongfeng, Hongshandian (belonging to Donghua responsibility area of Yongfeng town) and jiebutou (belonging to Lingshan responsibility area of zimenqiao town) to carry out revolutionary work and lead the Anti Japanese struggle of the whole province. In March 1942, the first working conference of Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in jiebutou good neighbor Hall (now in Yonghe Village), where wenshizhen lived in seclusion.

In the winter of 1937, Gao Wenhua was sent to Hunan by the Central Committee to take over the post of secretary of the CPC Hunan Provincial Committee. In 1938, Changsha was burned, and the provincial Party committee moved from Changsha to Shaoyang. In the autumn of 1938, Gao Wenhua, as a representative of Hunan, went to Yan'an to attend the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. After returning to Shaoyang, he held the provincial Party Congress in February 1939 to convey the spirit of the sixth plenary session. The Southern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee sent Bogu to attend the meeting, which officially elected the Hunan Provincial Committee of the CPC. Gao Wenhua, Xu Teli, Ren Zhuomin, Nie Hongjun, Guo Guangzhou, Cai Shubin, Wang Tao, Shuai Mengqi and Yuan Desheng are members of the provincial Party committee, and Gao Wenhua is secretary of the provincial Party committee.

Historical function

After the establishment of the provincial Party committee, according to the needs of the Anti Japanese War, the province has established four central county Party committees, namely LIANGHENG, Xiangning, Changyi and Baoqing. Xiangning central county Party secretary is a leading member of the provincial Party committee, Yuan Desheng (also known as Yuan Xuezhi) concurrently.

At the time of the formation of the Anti Japanese national united front, the diehards of the Kuomintang tried their best to carry out the reactionary policy of "passive Anti Japanese and active anti Communist". On June 12, 1939, in accordance with Chiang Kai Shek's secret order, the 27th group army of the Kuomintang sent troops to encircle the communication office of the New Fourth Army in Jiayi, Pingjiang, and wantonly massacred the Communists, thus creating the "Pingjiang Massacre". In order to accumulate strength, our party continued to lead the people in their struggle and strive for victory in the Anti Japanese war. In October 1939, according to the Central Committee's directive spirit of "being capable and secretive, ambushing for a long time, accumulating strength and waiting for the opportunity", the provincial Party committee made the decision of "striving to conceal strength and tightening the party's organization". Party organizations at all levels in the province and their members have been transferred to the countryside to seek local concealment and occupation, and continue to struggle in all walks of life. The provincial Party committee also transferred from Changsha to Hengyang, Xiangtan, Xiangxiang and other places, but they did not stand firm, and finally came to Shuangfeng. After arriving at Shuangfeng, we found a hidden place in Yongfeng and jiebutou, and the provincial Party committee moved here. In order to carry out the Central Committee's "lean and covert" instructions, most of the members of the provincial Party committee successively withdrew and went to Yan'an and other places. Gao Wenhua, Yuan Xuezhi and Wen Shizhen, who were sent by the central committee later, formed a three member leading group of the provincial Party committee.

Gao Wenhua and Yuan Xuezhi moved the Hunan provincial Party committee to Shuangfeng in October 1940, which is the unique geographical and cultural advantages of Shuangfeng: first, Yongfeng town is 49 kilometers away from Xiangxiang County, and is far away from the party headquarters of Kuomintang county. Yongfeng town has a strong local power, and there is another big landlord named "xuanbaochang" (Cheng xuangui), who is a "local snake". There is a contradiction between the Kuomintang's county Party headquarters and the local forces here, which is very beneficial to the development of the party's underground work. Secondly, Yongfeng is a place with convenient transportation. Tanbao highway goes through Yongfeng, up to Shaoyang and down to Xiangtan. At that time, Baoheng highway was under construction and was about to open to traffic, from Xiangtan and Shaoyang to Hengyang. Third, at that time, due to the party's open leadership of the Anti Japanese War, the identity of Party organs at all levels and most of the leading cadres of Party members was exposed. Yongfeng is located at the junction of Xiangxiang and Shaoyang counties. The KMT is numb and nobody pays attention to this site. In addition, the provincial Party committee has already set up a contact point in Yongfeng. Comrade Kong Fusheng is in charge of the contact work. His identity and contact point have never been exposed. Fourth, Yongfeng was a relatively developed market town in Xiangxiang county at that time, where it was convenient for the members of the underground party to find their hidden identity; Yongfeng was also close to the mountainous area, where the Japanese came to fight guerrillas and establish an anti Japanese revolutionary base.

During the period of Shuangfeng, the conditions of the provincial Party committee were very difficult, because it was extremely secret and the material support it could find was very limited. At that time, the provincial Party committee formulated the regulations on secret work. With strict underground work organization and serious underground work discipline, it stipulated that underground workers should be socialized and professionalized, that they should create organs in their personal identity, that their personal identity should be open and legal, and that they should register with the insurance company. Individual party members are not allowed to find organizations, and that they can only contact one line. All Party members have pseudonyms and codes. Gao Wenhua's pseudonym is Mr. Jia, Wen Shizhen's pseudonym is Xiong beard, and Yuan Xuezhi's pseudonym is yuan Fazhang. The provincial Party committee also lurked a comrade in Yongfeng Catholic Church, whose real name was Zhang Zhonglian, who took carrying water as his profession.

The period of "underground Party of the Communist Party of China"

The organizational discipline of the underground party is very strict. At that time, the code name of the provincial Party committee was "Wu sisan", which is a homonym of the "five no, four must, three efforts" principle formulated by the provincial Party committee. The leaders of the provincial Party committee went to the following organizations and Party members and said that Mr. Wu sisan sent them. If a party member violates discipline, do you know Mr. Wu sisan? "Five, four, three" means not to say what should not be said, not to ask what should not be asked, not to discuss the organization outside the meeting, not to have horizontal relations, not to often gather together; to hold meetings, to pay Party fees, to listen to the party's command, to unite the masses; to study theory, to study experience, and to study among the masses.

After the provincial Party committee was transferred to Shuangfeng, the provincial Party committee leaders Gao Wenhua, Yuan Desheng (yuan Xuezhi) and Wen Shizhen found hiding points in the suburbs of Yongfeng Town, Hongshandian and jiebutou respectively. Gao Wenhua came to Yongfeng in the winter of 1942 and lived in yanjialun, Yongfeng. Last week, he was six years old. He was doing pepper business as a cover. At that time, his family of five lived together. He and his wife, as well as the mother of a revolutionary martyr, surnamed Shen, had a daughter and a granddaughter. Shen's mother pretends to be Gao Wenhua's mother. Gao Wenhua's wife's name is Jia Yulian, so she takes the pseudonym of Mr. Jia.

Yuan Xuezhi came to Yongfeng in October 1940 as a rice dealer. He shipped rice from Xiangtan to Yongfeng and then sold it to a rice shop. The couple took a boat from Xiangtan to Yongfeng. On the same boat, Xie Peijun, who studied clog making in Xiangtan, lived in Hongshan hall near Yongfeng. Therefore, he was a loyal and honest craftsman. Yuan Xuezhi followed him to live in Hongshan hall. Soon after, Xie Peijun helped him rent two houses in lizitang. The owner was Xie Yuqing. At this time, Kong Fusheng, the underground party liaison officer who was hiding in Yongfeng old bus station, moved to lizitang as Yuan Lao's "cousin". Kong is older, speaks Xiangtan accent, the masses call "Xiangtan old swineherd". On November 29th, 1940, Yuan Xuezhi's wife Chen Yumei gave birth to a child in lizitang. Because this year is the year of Gengchen and lives in Yongfeng, the child was named "Yonggeng" (later renamed Yongjian). A few months later, Yuan Xuezhi moved to the nearby upper Liantang Bay.

Wen Shizhen came to Shuangfeng before Gao Wenhua and Yuan Xuezhi. In the name of tung oil business, he lives in good neighborly hall, jiebutou (now Yonghe village, zimenqiao town). At that time, Zhu Chunzhi, Wang Shunan and others lived with him. Zhu Chunzhi is from Yiyang, a transmitter sent by Yan'an, who plays a fake husband and wife with Wen Shizhen; Wang Shunan is Mao Zemin's lover and his sister-in-law. At that time, even the three leaders could not contact each other. Especially to find Secretary Gao Wenhua. Before, Gao Wenhua gave them a secret letter. Only in case of special emergency can he open the secret letter and go to the designated place to find him according to the instructions of the secret letter. Three people can't get together often. The general information is that there is a refugee mailbox that can't be delivered through the Tianqing street post office

Chinese PinYin : Zhong Gong Hu Nan Sheng Wei Jiu Zhi