Ganzhou ancient city wall

Ganzhou ancient city wall has a long history and is still playing an important role in flood control. It is also the only brick wall of Song Dynasty preserved in China. The ancient city wall of Ganzhou was the foundation laid by Lu Guang, a Hakka, in the late Tang Dynasty. It was an earthen city at that time. Later, the earthen city was destroyed by the river. During the Jiayou period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1056-1063), Kong Zonghan was appointed as the magistrate of Ganzhou and began to build the wall with bricks. At present, there are still many well preserved city walls in China, such as Xi'an, Nanjing, Jingzhou, Shouxian County, Anhui Province, etc., but the brick walls in these places were built after the Hongwu Period of the Ming Dynasty, including the great wall of Beijing. After the founding of the Ming Dynasty in the Hongwu Period of the Ming Dynasty, the Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang put forward the strategy of "building walls high, accumulating grain widely, and being king slowly", and ordered states and counties to build walls. Now all the remaining walls in the country were built at that time, but the walls in Ganzhou were from the Northern Song Dynasty, which is a valuable cultural heritage. After more than 900 years of continuous repair and reinforcement in the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Ganzhou City formed a 13 Li high and majestic city wall. Moreover, the moat, wall buttress, tower, police shop, horse face, gun city and other facilities are complete. The whole city has five gates, including Xijin gate, Zhennan gate, Baisheng gate, Jianchun gate and Yongjin gate. The first three gates also have double or triple urn cities. During the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty, in order to prevent the Taiping army from attacking the city, five gun cities were built at the main traffic crossings of Ganzhou City, including Dongmen, Xiaonanmen, dananmen, xijinmen and bajingtai. Ganzhou is known as "Iron City Ganzhou" because of its strong city and the help of rivers. The Taiping army attacked the city twice, and the red army attacked the city six times during the period of the Central Soviet area. At present, there are four preserved city gates: North gate, Xijin gate, Jianchun gate and Yongjin gate; the well preserved gun city includes bajingtai and Xijin gate gun city; and the ancient city wall is 3600 meters. These walls and gates not only become today's tourist attractions, but also play an important role in flood control in Ganzhou. Ganzhou municipal government also allocates certain funds to maintain the ancient city wall every year.

Ganzhou ancient city wall

Ganzhou ancient city wall was built in the Han Dynasty, with a history of 2000 years. After 900 years of continuous repair and reinforcement in the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Ganzhou City has formed a tall and magnificent wall with a circumference of about 13 Li, reflecting the wisdom and superb architectural skills of the ancient Chinese working people.

The well preserved ancient city wall, built in Jiayou period of Northern Song Dynasty, is the largest existing ancient city wall in Jiangnan and one of the few brick walls in Northern Song Dynasty. The average height of the city wall is 7 meters, and the length from the east gate to the west gate is 3.6 kilometers.

There are four ancient city walls in China: Xi'an ancient city wall, which was built in Hongwu three years ago. Pingyao ancient city wall, Hongwu three years; Jingzhou Ancient City wall, Shunzhi three years; Xingcheng ancient city wall, Qianlong forty-six years. They are national historical and cultural cities. In January 1994, Ganzhou, a famous historical and cultural city in China, changed the four ancient city walls into five. On November 20, 1996, Ganzhou ancient city wall was listed as a national cultural relic protection unit, because it was the Song Dynasty city wall, an orphan in China.

brief introduction

Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, is not only famous for its beautiful landscape, but also famous for its well preserved ancient city wall of more than 3000 meters, which has been inherited since the Song Dynasty. The Song Dynasty city wall of Ganzhou is 3664 meters long, which is a wonderful contrast with the beautiful river. Walking on the simple and winding city wall in the early morning, you can see a clear river outside the city, misty farmhouses in the mountains in the distance, and rows of neighborhoods nearby. It makes you feel like you are in a beautiful picture of Qingming River.

In order to protect the largest and best preserved brick wall of the Northern Song Dynasty in China, Ganzhou municipal government invested 80 million yuan to protect and repair the ancient city wall in 2004.

Construction history

The construction of Ganzhou City and the formation and development of Ganzhou City are closely related to the four outstanding figures in ancient China

The first was Gao Yan, the governor of Nankang county (now Ganzhou) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He rammed earth to build a city at the confluence of the two rivers of Zhanggong in the fifth year of Yonghe (349)

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The second one was Lu Guanghou of the Five Dynasties. In the Five Dynasties, the separatist regime led to the defense of Baisheng army in pian'an Qianzhou (now Ganzhou). Lu Guanghou germinated the idea of becoming king. He expanded the area of the city by about twice, forming the scale of the King City. Unexpectedly, he died young because of illness. However, although others left, the scale of Ganzhou City was expanded by him.

The third person is Kong Zonghan, the 46th generation grandson of Confucius. He served as the magistrate of Ganzhou during the reign of Jiayou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1056-1063). In order to relieve the disaster that the river irrigated the city year by year, he used molten iron to solidify the stone foundation of the city wall, completely rebuilt the city wall with bricks and stones, and gradually changed the earth city wall into a brick and stone city wall, so he became the founder of the brick city wall of Ganzhou in the Song Dynasty. The elegant and elegant Kong Zonghan also built a stone tower on the wall of the intersection of Sanshui, creating a place for officials and scholars to enjoy tea. His foresight and sagacity led to the historical story of Su Dongpo's several visits to Qianzhou and his poems and prefaces for bajingtai.

The fourth is Liu Yi, the governor of Qianzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty. Lu Guanghou, a famous expert in urban construction and water conservancy, devoted himself to the well-being of the people and completed his unfinished business. He built Fugou and Shougou in the city, sorted out and dredged the underground drainage system of Qianzhou City, and built 12 water windows at the mouth of the riverside channel, thus solving the problem of annual River irrigation.

After the founding of the Ming Dynasty in the Hongwu Period of the Ming Dynasty, the Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang ordered all States and counties to build city walls. The existing city walls in all parts of the country were built at that time, except Ganzhou city wall, which is a valuable cultural heritage of the Northern Song Dynasty.

After 900 years of continuous repair and reinforcement in the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Ganzhou city wall has formed a 13 Li high and majestic city wall. Moreover, the moat, wall buttress, tower, police shop, horse face, gun city and other facilities are complete. There are five gates in the whole city, including Xijin gate, Zhennan gate, Baisheng gate, Jianchun gate and Yongjin gate, among which the first three gates have double or triple urn cities. During the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty, in order to prevent the Taiping army from attacking the city, five gun cities were built at the main traffic crossings of Ganzhou City, including Dongmen, Xiaonanmen, dananmen, xijinmen and bajingtai. Ganzhou is known as "Iron City Ganzhou" because of its strong city and the help of rivers. The Taiping army attacked the city twice, and the red army attacked the city six times during the period of the Central Soviet area. There are four preserved city gates: Beimen, xijinmen, jianchunmen and yongjinmen; the well preserved gun city includes bajingtai and xijinmen gun city; and the ancient city wall is 3600 meters. These walls and gates not only become today's tourist attractions, but also play an important role in flood control in Ganzhou. Ganzhou municipal government also allocates certain funds to maintain the ancient city wall every year.

historical value

What is more precious is that there are tens of thousands of inscribed City bricks on the walls of the ancient city. These bricks are called inscription bricks, which contain different contents of different times. The main ones are ×× Nian, ×× Du Zao, and ×× Yao Shao Zao. According to the survey and statistics of the city Museum, there are 521 kinds of inscribed City bricks with different contents. The earliest one is recorded in the second year of Xining (1069) of the Northern Song Dynasty The latest brick inscription was recorded in 1915. This tradition has been preserved until now, and has become a great historical work of Ganzhou. It records the rise and fall of Ganzhou ancient city, and fully embodies the traditional architectural style and planning ideas. It is a landmark building showing the characteristics of Chinese history and culture. It has a very important historical value for the study of urban construction in ancient China. In 1996, the State Council listed Ganzhou ancient city wall as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

List of inscribed bricks

Modern remains

After liberation, the measured total length is 6900 meters, with an average height of 5 meters and a thickness of 6.5 meters. There are five gates in Zhennan, Xijin, Yongjin, Jianchun and Baisheng. After the demolition of the southern section of the wall of baishengmen from zhennanmen to xijinmen in 1958, the existing East-West sections along the river, from xijinmen along Zhangjiang to bajingtai, from bajingtai along Gongjiang, through yongjinmen and jianchunmen to baishengmen and now Donghe bridge, are 3664 meters in total. In addition, the southern section of the ancient city wall is 52 meters along the baijiangtai section. In October 1990, the wall base of Ganzhou yangjiyuan south city wall was exposed 41 meters. According to the investigation of Ganzhou Museum in 1990, among the existing ancient city walls, the song stone wall is 25.25 meters, the song brick wall is 19.80 meters, and the Southern Song brick wall foundation of Yangji courtyard is 41 meters, which is basically the original appearance of the original wall. The rest of the walls are mostly repaired in the past dynasties. Except for the part covered by the weeds and trees, the remains of the Song Dynasty may still be found in the wall, and most of them are mixed up. However, the overall scale of 3664 meters is magnificent and impressive.

Main attractions

Starting from xijinmen, the ancient city wall of Ganzhou, you can see Yu gutai, Jiang Jingguo's former residence, bajingtai, Bajing Park, guijiaowei (the intersection of zhangshui and Gongshui), gufuqiao, Shouliang temple, Confucian temple, zaoerxiang and Dongfu (you can eat here).

Traffic information

You can take K2 and K3 to Bajing intersection station.

Self driving route

Guangzhou: Guangzhou South China expressway Beijing Hong Kong Macao Expressway jiebei Expressway Daguang Expressway

Chinese PinYin : Gan Zhou Gu Cheng Qiang