Zhaoqingtang

Zhaoqing hall, Tai Po

synonym

Zhaoqing hall generally refers to Zhaoqing hall in Tai Po

Zhaoqing hall, also known as jingxiuyanqing, is a group of Hakka residential buildings with Chinese and Western walls

Located in Hounan village, Baihou Town, Dapu County, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province, it was built in 1917 by Yang Yinyuan and Yang Junsan, sons of Yang Jingxiu, a native of Hounan village. Zhaoqing hall covers an area of 3200 square meters and a building area of 1951 square meters.

The main body of Zhaoqing hall in Tai Po is a compound enclosed house with a horizontal hall and a two-story western style building in the northwest corner of the enclosed house

. Zhaoqing hall in Dapu is a courtyard with three entrances and four courtyards. It has a hard top, a combination of bucket and beam, and a brick stone wood mixed structure. There is a gate terrace outside the hall, and a high wall is built outside the gate terrace. There is a half round flower stand behind the hall, and a high wall is built in the background

. On the whole, its decorative art not only reflects the unique features of Lingnan architecture, such as lightness in simplicity, elegance in beauty, freshness and liveliness.

In 2009, Zhaoqing hall in Dapu was awarded the title of "provincial cultural relics protection unit" by Guangdong Province.

In October 2019, Zhaoqing hall in Tai Po was listed in the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Historical evolution

Founded in 1917, the Zhaoqing hall in Tai Po was built by Yin Huan and Jun San, the brothers of the wealthy Hakka businessman Yang, in their hometown Baihou town. It took five years to complete.

In 2013, Guangdong Province allocated 700000 yuan to repair Zhaoqing hall in Dapu.

From 2012 to 2014, Dapu county has invested more than 5 million yuan to repair a number of ancient dwellings such as Zhaoqing hall, Yongqing hall and Suqian temple.

Architectural features

structure

overview

Located in the southeast corner of Baihou Town, Dapu County, Zhaoqing hall is surrounded by Qingxi River in the South and connected with residential buildings in the northwest. The whole base is embedded in paddy fields and has convenient transportation. The total base covers an area of 3200 square meters and a building area of 1951 square meters. The main body of Zhaoqing hall in Dapu is a Hakka enclosed house with "Hall" and "horizontal" combination. On the side of the enclosed house is a two-story western style house with exquisite architecture. It is a courtyard with three entrances and four courtyards. It has a hard top, a combination of bucket and beam, and a brick stone wood mixed structure. All the beams, pillars and brackets in the hall are of precise structure. They are painted with landscapes, flowers and birds, figures, and carved with dragons, lions, tigers and leopards. The roof of the hall and the ridge of the outer gate are decorated with flowers and birds, auspicious animals, fish and shrimp. There are 12 rooms and 6 halls. There is a gate terrace outside the hall, and a high wall is built outside the gate terrace. In the back of the hall, there is a half round flower stand, and a high wall is built in the background.

 

 

Axis relation

The main components of Zhaoqing hall in Tai Po are a Hakka enclosed house and a western style western style building. They are organically combined by a unified axis sequence. Sitting in the northeast and facing the southwest, the enclosed house is a typical horizontal hall type enclosed house with double halls and double horizontal walls, and its spatial layout is strictly symmetrical. The western style building is a three side corridor of the central axisymmetric layout. There are four main axes in the whole complex: the main axis of the enclosure, the secondary axis of the enclosure, the axis of the western style building and the axis of the main entrance. In dealing with the axis relationship of Zhaoqing hall in Dapu, the orientation of the main gate and its axis is a major feature of this old house. The angle between the axis of the main gate and the axis of the enclosed house is about 45 degrees, which makes the main gate face east. This layout is called "tiger lying" by local residents. The logic of the layout of Zhaoqing hall in Tai Po is clear. The four main axes appropriately unify the three relatively independent parts of Chinese style enclosed house, western style western style building and main entrance, and achieve the difference between primary and secondary, and the combination of Chinese and western. Compared with the layout of traditional residential single axis and parallel primary and secondary axis, this layout has a strong sense of enclosure, and successfully integrates the heterogeneous form of foreign buildings into the local settlement organization.

 

decorative art

Stained glass: many of the modern traditional dwellings in Guangdong have introduced stained glass from the west, and Zhaoqing hall in Dapu is one of them. On the wooden doors on both sides of the atrium of the enclosed house, the brilliant colored glass and the exquisite carving of the wooden doors complement each other.

Iron art: Zhaoqing hall in Tai Po is not only decorated with western style buildings, but also decorated with exquisite iron art in Chinese style enclosed houses. Also specially designed and made the iron art of the enclosure window, both beautiful and practical.

Decorative thread base: Western Baroque decorative techniques commonly used twists and turns, dynamic wavy decorative lines. This kind of decoration technique can be seen everywhere in western style buildings, but also in the enclosed houses of Zhaoqing hall in Tai Po, such as various decorative components with dynamic lines, wavy leaf shaped decorative grey plastic on the windows, and smooth and tortuous decorative lines on the ridge of the facade of the horizontal house.

 

characteristic

The Zhaoqing Hall of Tai Po inherits Hakka style of residential architecture and integrates the essence of Western architecture. Zhaoqing hall in Dapu is a Hakka residential building with Chinese and Western characteristics.

 

 

The characteristics of western style building in Zhaoqing Hall of Dapu: the western style building has two floors, and the plane layout of each floor is basically the same. It adopts the central axis symmetrical layout of five span Bay, two span depth and three side corridors. The central patio running through the second floor of the western style building is the product of the combination of Western architecture and Chinese style garden. This combination of Chinese and Western architectural language and collision is reflected in many aspects, whether it is the western style building or the enclosed house. The square plane outline, the rigorous axial symmetry layout, the tile double slope roof and so on are all Chinese architectural vocabulary, which are skillfully used in the western style building of Zhaoqing hall in Dapu. Although it is western architecture, it has the charm and temperament of Chinese architecture.

The integration of Chinese and Western style enclosed houses in Zhaoqing Hall of Dapu: the enclosed houses in Zhaoqing Hall of Dapu are generally typical Hakka horizontal hall enclosed houses, which inherit the characteristics of traditional Hakka dwellings in terms of spatial pattern and detailed structure, and also have the use of western architectural language in many places.

 

Zhaoqing hall in Dapu unifies Hakka enclosed houses and Western style western style buildings in one building. No matter from the axis symmetry of the overall layout to the unified pattern of function distribution, or from the space and structure of single building to the exquisite workmanship of architectural decoration details, it inherits and develops the traditional Hakka architectural culture and skills, and achieves the combination of Chinese and western. Inheriting the common property of the settlement, the architectural form is in harmony with the traditional settlement structure.

 

Cultural relics

"Zhaoqing hall" in the main hall of Zhaoqing hall in Dapu was written by Zhang Fakui, a former Kuomintang general, and "Ren Deng Shou Yu" in Xiatang was written by Chen Jiongming, a famous person of the Republic of China.

 

The beams, arches, screens and doors and windows in the house retain a lot of carvings and painting patterns. Only carving can be divided into four types: openwork carving, polished round carving and relief carving. They are stone carving, clay carving, wood carving and porcelain carving.

 

History and culture

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, many villagers in Baihou town went out to do business and then returned home to build houses, citing a lot of unique foreign architectural elements. It is said that high quality stone and wood were selected when building the house. The owners visited local, Jiangxi, Fujian, Chaozhou and other places, invited a large number of folk craftsmen in carving, painting, carpentry and other aspects to build the house, and specially invited foreign supervisors to ensure the construction quality and shape. Many of the building materials come from Nanyang. It took more than five years to build Zhaoqing hall in Tai Po. "Jing Xiu Yan Qing" on the gate was named by the Yang brothers in memory of their father.

 

 

 

Cultural relic value

The architectural decoration art of Zhaoqing hall in Dapu not only preserves the architectural technology of Hakka people, but also contains unique cultural connotation. At the same time, it integrates the customs of foreign cultures. It is a rare example of the harmonious integration of Chinese and Western decoration art in Hakka architecture. On the whole, its decorative art not only reflects the unique features of Lingnan architecture, such as lightness in simplicity, elegance in beauty, freshness and liveliness, but also reflects the harmonious integration of Chinese and Western decorative art, which is rich, diverse and unique, with outstanding artistic achievements. The decoration art of Zhaoqing hall in Dapu is a combination of Hakka traditional residential decoration art and western modern architectural art.

 

protective measures

In 2009, Zhaoqing hall in Dapu was awarded the title of "provincial cultural relics protection unit" by Guangdong Province.

 

In October 2019, Zhaoqing hall in Tai Po was listed in the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

 

 

Tourism information

address

Zhaoqing hall is located in Hounan village, Baihou Town, Dapu County, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province.

 

traffic

Self driving to Zhaoqing hall, Dapu: starting from Meixian airport, Meizhou, it's about 91km, about 1 hour and 13 minutes. Starting from Meizhou west station, the distance is about 97 kilometers, and the time is about 1 hour and 20 minutes.

Address: zhaoqingtang, Hounan village, Dapu County, Meizhou, Guangdong Province

Longitude: 116.774046

Latitude: 24.300453

Chinese PinYin : Zhao Qing Tang