Dai Yunshan

Dai Yunshan

Daiyun mountain, narrow sense refers to its main peak, also known as Yingxue mountain, 1856 meters above sea level, is located in Daiyun village, Chishui Town, Dehua County, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province. Broad sense, or Daiyun mountain range, is located in the central part of Fujian Province. It is a mountainous area in the middle of Fujian Province. The longest point in the north and south is about 200 kilometers, and the widest point in the East and West is about 180 kilometers, covering an area of about 18608.5 square kilometers.

The western branch is the watershed between Shaxi and Youxi. The north part of the main branch is the watershed and birthplace of Youxi, Meixi and Dazhangxi, and the south part is the birthplace of Jinjiang River and the watershed of Jinjiang River and Jiulongjiang River. The East branch is the watershed of Dazhang River, Mulan River and Longjiang river.

The climate of Daiyun mountain is cool and warm in the middle subtropical zone. The climate is cool, warm and humid. It is suitable for the production of forest, tea and fruit. Forestry, tea and citrus also play an important role. In particular, the "Tieguanyin" tea produced in Anxi is famous at home and abroad.

Location context

Daiyun mountain (vein) runs from north to south, across the middle reaches of Minjiang River in the north, facing Jiufeng Mountain hills and valley plain area; Shaxi in the upper reaches of Minjiang River in the west, adjacent to Wuyi Mountain, hills and valley plain area in the West; Jiulong River in the south, adjacent to Boping mountain and valley plain area in the middle reaches of Jiulong River; hills, platform and plain island area in the east of Fujian. It includes all of Yongtai, Datian and Dehua, most of Xianyou, Yongchun and Anxi, and one of Minhou, Minqing, Youxi, Nanping, Shaxian, Sanming, Yongan, Zhangping, Hua'an, Tong'an, Nan'an, Putian and Fuqing. The longest part from north to south is about 200 kilometers, and the widest part from east to west is about 180 kilometers, covering an area of about 18608.5 square kilometers, accounting for 15.33% of the total area of Fujian Province. It is one of the famous mountain areas in Fujian Province with continuous mountains, high terrain, dense basins and valleys, and distinct mountain natural scenery.

Daiyun mountain range is the main mountain range in the central part of Fujian Province. In Sanming City, it starts from laoyingzui, Yangzhong Township, Youxi County in the north, passes through Baiyan mountain and Daheng mountain in the southwest to daxianfeng, Datian County. It is about 135 km long and 700-1500 m above sea level. The highest peak (in Sanming City) is daxianfeng, Datian County, 1553.4 m above sea level.

geographical environment

geology

Tectonically, this area is in the middle of Yanshan fault depression belt in East Fujian, and the southwest corner belongs to the southwest Hercynian Indosinian depression belt. Since the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, a series of NE and NW fault zones have been formed mainly by fault activities. For example, the Zhenghe Dapu fault zone and Changle Zhao'an fault zone in NE direction cut through the western and eastern edge of the area respectively; the Shaxian nanridao fault and Yong'an Jinjiang fault in northwest direction cut through the northern and central part, followed by the Zhangping Xianyou fault in E-W direction and the Zhongxin Songkou fault in S-N direction. The activity of the fault led to extensive and strong volcanic eruption and magmatic intrusion in Mesozoic and Cenozoic, which made the Jurassic Cretaceous continental volcanic rock eruption sedimentary rock series widely distributed in the area. Among them, the late Jurassic Nanyuan formation has the largest exposed area, with a total thickness of more than 6000 meters. The former is mainly distributed in Minqing and Yongtai areas, such as Shimaoshan (1237m) and Yunshan (1079m), while the latter is distributed in Dehua, Minhou and Yongtai areas, such as SHINIUSHAN (1782m), shizhushan (1803m) and Wuhushan. Most of the Paleozoic and pre Paleozoic strata are exposed in Datian, Dehua Yangshan and Anxi Jiandou in the West. The intrusive rocks are mainly Yanshanian, scattered and mostly exposed as rock bodies, such as Daluo rock body, Guixi rock body and jiuxianshan rock body. The above-mentioned fault structures and strata have a profound impact on the development of geomorphology in this area.

landforms

The landform type of this area is mainly mountainous, covering an area of about 15646.75 square kilometers, accounting for 84.1% of the total area of the region. The mountain area can be divided into three mountain belts, which are distributed from northeast to southwest, consistent with the main tectonic lines.

In the west, there are niaoshiding (1249 m), Wuling Mountain (1108.6 m), Damaoshan (1250 m), bayangqi (1303.6 m), PUCHAN mountain (1508.7 m), hoetouxia (1437 m), liyuzi mountain (1584 m), Daling mountain (1604.7 m) and Tiandou mountain (1568.7 m), which are mostly composed of granite and volcanic rocks, and are the watershed of Shaxi and Youxi. Affected by the tilting action, the belt has steep west slope and gentle east slope, with layered landform.

The middle belt starts from Baiyun Mountain (1287 meters) on the South Bank of Minjiang River in the north and Jiulong Mountain (1286 meters) on the North Bank of Jiulong River in the south, including Tieda mountain (1208.5 meters), Luohan mountain (1287.7 meters), daxianqi (1312.5 meters), Daiyun mountain (1856 meters), Jiuxian mountain (1644.2 meters), jiguanqi (1331 meters), dabaiyan (1350 meters), Xueshan (1336.1 meters), daxianfeng (1553 meters), wushujian (1254.7 meters), chentouqi (1344.2 meters) and Dayuan Mount Daiyun (1518m) and mount Foer (1532m) are mainly composed of volcanic rocks and granite. They are tall and majestic. They are the main body of Daiyun mountains. The north part is the watershed and birthplace of Youxi, Meixi and Dazhangxi. The south part is the birthplace of Jinjiang and the watershed of Jinjiang and Jiulongjiang.

The east belt is dominated by SHINIUSHAN, with the main peak shizhushan (1803m), including Jiguanshan (1541m), heishangshan (1451m), Shimaoshan and Wuhushan. The mountain belt is composed of Shimaoshan group and SHINIUSHAN formation, with hard lithology and developed vertical joints. Under the action of external forces, it is strongly cut and developed into a steep bedrock peak, which is majestic and spectacular. It is the watershed of Dazhang River, Mulan River and Longjiang river Ridge.

The hilly area in this area is small, accounting for about 7.73% of the total area. It is mainly distributed on both sides of the valley in the middle and lower reaches of Dazhang River and around some mountain basin and valley plains. The specific height is mostly between 100 and 200 meters, the cutting is relatively broken, the slope is about 15 ° to 25 ° and the weathering layer is thick with good vegetation coverage. Most of them are economic forests and orchards. Plain includes valley plain and mountain basin valley plain. The former is mainly distributed on both sides of Dazhang River Valley and Youxi River Valley. It is mostly banded and composed of alluvial materials. The specific height is 5-9 meters. The ground is flat and slightly inclined to the riverbed. The soil layer is deep and fertile, and the water conservancy conditions are good. It is a high grain production area in this area. The Intermountain basin valley plain is distributed all over the region, from 100 meters to 1000 meters above sea level, with different sizes and shapes, such as ellipse, strip, etc. its long axis extends along the structural line, and its composition materials include alluvial, proluvial and slope, etc. it is often produced in gentle slope, with fertile soil and convenient irrigation. It is the distribution area of farmland and residential areas in mountainous areas. Due to the differences in natural conditions, it develops rapidly In the basin valley plain below 500 meters, double cropping rice is the most suitable, while in the basin valley plain above 500 meters, single cropping rice is the most suitable.

Due to the intermittent uplift of neotectonic movement, there are several levels of peak surface in this area, which are 1200-1400 m, 800-1000 m, 600-700 m and 50-100 m from high to low. The topography of all levels of peak surface is gentle and undulating, and the top surface is flat. Most of them are agricultural land, and there are often residential areas, many of which have not yet been developed and utilized.

The geomorphic types in this area are various, and the geomorphic morphological structure is complex. The combination of geomorphic types is mainly mountainous, which is not only widely distributed, but also concentrated. This kind of geomorphic condition is very favorable for giving full play to the advantages of mountainous areas, vigorously developing forestry and establishing a good ecological environment in mountainous areas.

hydrology

Except for Jinjiang River, Jiulongjiang River, Mulan River and Longjiang River in the East and south, the rest of the area belongs to Minjiang River system. The larger rivers are Youxi River, Meixi River and Dazhangxi River, which flow to the northeast and are consistent with the main tectonic direction. They flow into Minjiang River and cut the mountainous area into three mountain belts. Restricted by the NW trending structure, most of the tributaries are NW trending, forming a grid or dendritic water system. In the upper reaches of Dazhang River, along the main peak of Daiyun mountain and the north side of Shiniu mountain, there is a ring-shaped water system, with large riverbed gradient, developed fracture points and rich hydraulic resources. For example, Minqing and Yongchun counties are famous advanced counties in hydropower generation.

Youxi, also known as Shenxi, is a tributary of the middle reaches of Minjiang River. There are two upstream streams: one is Junxi, which originates from the south of Datian County, flows northward through Chengguan (Yancheng), Jingkou, songcai, Jiemian and Xiawei village of Datian County after converging with Pingshan stream, Wuling stream and Xiaohu stream at Shipai, and is 49 km long; the other is Wenjiang stream, which originates from the mountains in the south of Qingshui township of Yong'an City, flows through Huainan, Wenjiang, Dezhou and Cangzhou of Datian County to Xiawei village of Youxi County, and is 49 km long 70 km (Wenjiang River in Youxi County, also known as Chimu River). Junxi River and Wenjiang River were called Youxi river only after Xiawei village met. Youxi flows from south to northeast through Banmian, Shencheng, Meixian, Xibin and Youxikou, and then flows into Minjiang River, with a total length of 171 kilometers and a drainage area of 5436 square kilometers. The main tributaries are Heping River, Ming River, Guangping River, Zhuban River, Xinqiao River, Qingxi River, Qingyin River, Jimu River, Hualan River, Jihou River, shizukou River and Jingkou River, all originated from Daiyun mountain.

Yangzhong river is a primary tributary of Minjiang River. It originates from Shangyang, tangchuan Township, Youxi County, passes through Xibin, Houzhuang, Fuxia, Yangzhong and Fukou to zhanghuban and Xikou in Nanping City, and enters Minjiang River, with a length of 32 km. The tributaries are Guifeng River, hongkeng River, Shanzhong River, Xibi River and Zijia river.

Gaozhouxi is the first branch of Minjiang River

Chinese PinYin : Dai Yun Shan