Centella asiatica

Centella asiatica

(Ben Jing)

[synonym] lianqiancao (Xu Yi Yao TU), diqiancao (Tang Ben Cao), Pyrola (Diannan Ben Cao), laohugen, kuiwangcai, bengkouwan (preparation of raw herbs), ditangcao (textual research of plant names and facts), Pyrola and tuxixin (Cao Mu Bian Fang), bengdawan, qianzaokou (flora of Guangzhou), fuzhuowangcao, clamshell grass, Limulus grass (Fu Jianmin) They are Herba euphorbiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Menispermi, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Lysimachiae Amaranth, panlongcao, jiejielian, Lysimachia christinae, shangjincao, Cucurbitaceae and meihuahua are common folk herbs in Zhejiang.

[source] it is the whole grass or the whole grass with roots of Centella asiatica.

Centella asiatica

Perennial creeping herbs. Stem smooth or slightly sparsely hairy, rooting on nodes. The leaves are round or kidney shaped, 2-4 cm in diameter, with blunt teeth on the edge, smooth on the top and fine hairs on the bottom; the leaves have long stalks, 1.5-7 cm in length. Umbels are solitary, pedicels in axils, shorter than petioles; there are 3-6 flowers at the top of each pedicel, usually forming a capitulum surrounded by 2 ovate bracts; calyx truncated; petals 5, reddish purple, ovate; stamens 5, short, alternate with petals; ovary inferior, style 2, shorter, style base not obvious. Suspensory fruit is oblate, smooth, the main ribs and secondary spindles are equally obvious, and the main ribs are connected by reticular veins. It blooms in summer.

Most of them grow on the slightly moist and fertile land beside roads, ditches and ridges. It is distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, etc.

[collection] harvest in summer and autumn, remove the mud and dry in the sun.

The root is cylindrical, 3-4.5 cm long, 1-1.5 mm in diameter, pale yellow or grayish yellow, with longitudinal wrinkles. The stem is slender, curved, light yellow, with obvious fine root residue or residual fine root at the node. The leaves are shrunken, light green, round or kidney shaped, 2-4 cm in diameter, with blunt teeth on the edge and fine hairs below. Petiole 1.5-7 cm long, often twisted, base with membranous sheath. It has special Qi and pungent taste.

Produced in Guangdong, Sichuan, Guangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan and other places.

In Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other areas, this product is used as "luodeda".

[chemical constituents] it contains a variety of triterpenoids of α - aromatic alcohol type, including asiaticoside, shenkuenioside, isoshenkuenioside, hydroxyasiaticoside, borrelioside, borrelioside and borrelic acid, as well as asiatic acid. In addition, it also contains racemic inositol, asiaticose, wax, carotene, chlorophyll, kaempferol, quercetin and flavonoid glycosides of glucose and rhamnose.

[pharmacological action] ① central action

The glycosides have sedative and sedative effects on mice and rats, mainly on the cholinergic system of the central nervous system. The alcohol extract had no analgesic effect.

② Effect on skin tissue

Asiaticoside can treat skin ulcers, such as intractable trauma, skin tuberculosis, leprosy, etc. In mice, intramuscular injection or subcutaneous implantation in guinea pigs and rabbits can promote skin growth, increase local leukocytes, hyperplasia of connective tissue disc network, increase mucus secretion, and accelerate the growth of hair and tail. It has been reported that cream containing 0.25 ~ 1% alcohol extract (asiatic acid and asiaticoside) containing Centella asiatica, which contains embryo or young cow, pig or sheep skin, liver and brain alcohol extract, is effective in treating skin diseases.

③ Antibacterial action

The water extract of the bud has antibacterial effect. Asiaticoside can treat leprosy. Some people think that its effect is to dissolve the wax film of bacteria, which is eliminated by other drugs or body defense function.

④ Other functions

The ethanol extract can relax the ileum of rats in vitro. Glycosides can reduce the tension and contraction of isolated ileum in rabbits and rats, and slightly inhibit the effect of acetylcholine. In anesthetized dogs, intravenous injection can slightly stimulate breathing, slow heart rate and moderately reduce blood pressure, the latter two can not be blocked by atropine.

[toxicity] the median lethal dose of ethanol extract was 1.93 g / kg. The toxicity of glucoside was low, and the rats were not killed by intraperitoneal injection of 2 g / kg. 0.05-0.04 g / kg of asiaticoside and 0.05-0.04 g / kg of asiaticoside could induce bleeding in mice. Oral administration of 1 g / kg can be tolerated in mice and rabbits.

Bitter, pungent and cold.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and cold. "

② Bielu: "non toxic. "

③ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": bitter and pungent. "

④ "Seeking the source of Materia Medica": "sweet, light, pungent, cold. "

[meridian tropism] into the liver, spleen and kidney meridians.

① Quanzhou materia medica: "entering the liver, spleen and kidney. "

② "Mindong Materia Medica": "enter the heart, lung, spleen, stomach, large intestine five meridians. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat and dampness, detumescence and detoxification. It is used to treat Sha Qi, abdominal pain, summer diarrhea, dysentery, damp heat, jaundice, sand drenching, blood drenching, vomiting, bleeding, hemoptysis, red eyes, swollen throat, rubella, scabies, rash, carbuncle, swelling and poison, and traumatic injury.

① Ben Jing: "it's mainly about great heat, evil sores, carbuncle, immersion, redness, skin redness and body heat. "

② "Treatise on medicinal properties": "it is used to treat the leakage of scrofula and rats, and it comes and goes in cold and hot seasons. "

③ "Tang Materia Medica": "ramming hot swelling erysipelas. "

④ "Rihuazi Materia Medica" says: "use salt to spread, eliminate swelling and toxin, and get rid of rubella and scabies. "

⑤ "Diannan Materia Medica": "it is used to treat hot flashes, dizziness, fear of cold, body soreness, tasteless diet, malnutrition of men, women and children, fatigue and fever. It is good for urination and water beef. "

⑥ "The compendium of Medical Sciences" says: "the point of juice research is naked. "

⑦ "Seeking the source of Materia Medica": "in addition to heat toxin, treat white turbidity, soak chancre, regulate small intestine Qi. "

⑧ "Collection of commonly used folk herbal medicines": "diuretic and spleen. It is used to treat watery diarrhea and red and white dysentery. "

⑨ "Lu Chuan Materia Medica": "detoxification, diarrhea, diuresis. Treatment of heat, venereal disease, headache, body heat, thirst, yellow and red urine. "

⑩ "Dispelling wind and dispersing cold". It can treat lung heat, cough, gall, carbuncle, sore, swelling, food and fullness. "

(11) Mindong materia medica: "it can cure summer heat, Sha Qi, abdominal pain and abdominal distension. "

(12) Guangdong traditional Chinese Medicine II: "clear summer heat, remove damp heat. It can cure hepatomegaly, pleurisy, double single throat moth, measles, and jiegouxi poisoning. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 3-5 yuan (fresh 0.5-1 Liang); or mashed juice. External use: tamping or juice coating.

[taboo] textual research on the name and reality of plants: "it is not suitable for people with deficiency and cold. "

[selection] 1. Treatment of damp heat jaundice: Centella asiatica or two, rock sugar or two. Take it in water. (Jiangxi folk herbal medicine)

② Treatment of heatstroke diarrhea: rubbing the fresh leaves of Centella asiatica into small balls, chewing boiled water and swallowing one or two balls. (Zhejiang folk herbs)

③ Control sand drench: Centella asiatica one or two. For the second time, the rice was fried in water. (prescription of Jiangxi folk herbal medicine)

④ Treatment of blood drenching: Centella asiatica head, grass root benefit - each. Mash minced juice and rock sugar one or two, stew once. (Mindong materia medica)

⑤ Cure urination impassable: fresh snow grass one or two, smash stick navel, urinate pass namely go medicine. (Mindong materia medica)

⑥ Treatment of hepatomegaly: about eight Liang to one Jin for each big bowl. Take it in boiling water. (Lingnan herbal medicine)

⑦ Measles: Centella asiatica 1 to 2. Take it in water. (Handbook of commonly used Chinese herbal medicine of Guangzhou Army)

⑧ Treatment of breast carbuncle at the beginning: my husband's root, stem and leaf and betel plum coat. Fried in wine. (collection of herbs in Lingnan)

⑨ Treatment of sores: a fresh Jixiao grass, wash, mash and apply to the affected area. (Jiangxi folk herbal medicine) two fresh Centella asiatica, one to two Liang. Take it in water. (Fujian Chinese herbal medicine)

⑩ Zhizhanyaohuodan: fresh Centella asiatica, wash, mash the juice, mix it with the right amount of raw glutinous rice powder into a thin paste, and rub it on the affected area. (Jiangxi folk herbal medicine)

(11) treatment of traumatic injury: Centella asiatica eight to one or two, and red wine half to twelve, stew for one hour, take orally; mash the residue and stick it to the injured part. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

(12) treatment of bleeding caused by knife wound: collapse the big bowl, take appropriate amount, and smash the external application wound. (Lingnan herbal medicine)

Treatment of acne: wash the fresh Centella asiatica, mash and apply it to the affected area, and change it every day. (Jiangxi folk herbal medicine)

(14) treatment of red swelling and pain of eyes: Smash fresh Centella asiatica and apply it to Cunkou, or mash the juice to point the affected eyes, three or four times a day. (Jiangxi folk herbal medicine)

Treatment of wheat swelling: wash and mash fresh Centella asiatica, mix with brown sugar. (Quanzhou materia medica)

(16) treatment of sore throat: fresh Centella asiatica 22. Wash, mash in a bowl, rinse with boiling water, keep warm and swallow frequently. (Jiangxi folk herbal medicine)

To cure pertussis: three liang of big bowl, one or two of thin pork. Decoct for one hour, take it twice, and take it for several days.

(18) treatment of arsenic or other food poisoning: my husband's four Liang root, gall alum one money. Take it in boiling water. This prescription is also used for treatment of gelsemiosis and mushroom poisoning.

(19) treatment of bone jams: take orally the decoction of husband's root, and swallow it slowly. (she's prescription is listed in the records of Lingnan herbal medicine)

To solve the big tea medicine poisoning: take the big bowl and mash it, add tea oil and take it.

(21) solution of cassava poisoning: take a big bowl and mash it, then take it with warm boiled water.

(22) detoxification of mushroom poisoning: take orally in a big bowl of four Liang pieces of sugar, fried water; or take orally in a big bowl of four Liang pieces of radish, mashed and juiced. (⒇⒇)《

Chinese PinYin : Ji Xue Cao