Cirsium japonicum L

Cirsium japonicum

(notes to the classic of Materia Medica)

[synonyms] thistle (fan Wangfang), tiger thistle (Tao Hongjing), thorn thistle, Burdock (rihuazi materia medica), Jixiangcao (materia medica tujing), jijiaoci (Diannan materia medica), saffron (compendium), cijie (materia medica), Niutouzui, guzhui (yilinzhuanyao), jimuci (questioning materia medica), xijipo (caombufang), daniuzakou, shanrou（ Guizhou folk medicine collection, zhumuci, liuyueshuang, yimuci (Fujian folk herbal medicine), niukouzi (Zhejiang herbal medicine manual), huhula (Guangxi Chinese veterinary medicine plant), thorn radish (collection of folk herbal medicine), lvzhazui, Spurs (Shanxi Chinese herbal medicine records), thorn straw, Spurs (Chinese herbal medicine manual), niukouzi, tiger spurs, grass shoes spurs, brush Ba TOU (records of Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine), Tuhong Hua (records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine), yecicai (Pharmacology), niubuwen, Zhuma CAI (Mindong materia medica), niucicai, Jiancai, Niaobu (prescription of Jiangxi folk herbal medicine).

[source] it is the whole grass or root of Cirsium japonicum.

[plant morphology] Cirsium japonicum

Perennial perennial herbs. Stem 100-150 cm high, erect, with longitudinal stripes, densely covered with white hairs. The root leaves are oblong, oblong, 15-30 cm long, pinnately divided, with 5-6 pairs of lobes, apex pointed, margin with unequal lobes and oblique spines, base gradually narrowed, forming flat petioles with wings on both sides, covered with hairs; the stem leaves gradually become smaller upward, similar to the root leaves in shape, the base embraces the stem, and the lower surface is densely covered with white hairs. Capitate inflorescence, solitary at the end of branch; petiole short; attached lanceolate leaves 1-2; involucre spherical, 15-20 mm in diameter, bracts 6-7 rows, lanceolate, shorter outside the base, longer inside, sharp, spiny, entire; all tubular flowers, purplish red, bisexual, about 20 mm long, apex 5-lobed, lobes linear; stamens 6, anthers connected, tubular, apex separated, base Each with a drooping pointed tail; pistil 1, ovary inferior. The achene is oblate and elliptic. It blooms from May to June. The fruit period is from June to August.

Born in the mountains, roadside. It is distributed in most parts of the country.

[collection] the whole grass should be harvested in summer and autumn when the flowers are in full bloom. The old stems should be removed and dried in the sun, especially in autumn. The roots should be excavated from August to October to remove the soil and residual stems and washed and dried in the sun.

[medicinal materials] ① dry whole grass, cylindrical stem, about 4-10 mm thick, surface purple brown or brown, with longitudinal wrinkles, densely covered with gray white filiform hairs; loose and brittle; yellow white fracture surface, white loose pith in the center. Most of the leaves fall off, the remaining leaves are green brown or burnt brown, mostly broken and shrunk, with unequal needles on the edge, which are brittle and easy to fall off. The head flower remains at the end of the branch, the tubular flower is withered, the involucre is withered yellow, the surface is purple black, and the white feathery crown hair is exposed. Weak breath, weak taste. It is better to have gray green color and no impurity.

② Dry tuberous roots are long conic or slightly curved, with dark brown surface, fine and dense longitudinal lines, sometimes with flexing longitudinal grooves; the part connected with the rhizome at the top is fibrous, and the thin part at the end is usually cut off, 6-10 cm long and 5-15 mm in diameter. The quality is slightly hard and brittle, the fracture surface is neat, yellow white, slightly granular. It is better to be strong, without fibrous root and reed head.

It is produced in most parts of the country. In North China, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Fujian and other places, the whole grass is widely used. The ancient herbal books are mainly based on roots, so they are named "native ginseng" and "native ginseng".

[processing] Thistle: remove impurities, wash with water, moisten thoroughly, cut into sections, and dry in the sun. Thistle charcoal: take out the thistle, put it in the pot, stir fry it with fire until 70% black, keep it, sift through the wire, spray water, take it out and dry.

Bencao tongxuan: "wash with wine or mix with children's stool, stir fry slightly. "

Sweet and cool.

① Bielu: "root, sweet and warm. "

② "On medicinal properties": "bitter taste, flat. "

③ "Rihuazi Ben Cui": "leaf, cool. "

④ "Materia medica Huiyan": "it tastes sweet and slightly bitter, cold and non-toxic. "

[Guijing] into the liver and spleen meridian.

① "Diannan Materia Medica": "into the liver, spleen, kidney three channels. "

② New edition of materia medica: "entering lung and spleen meridians. "

Functions and indications: cool blood, stop bleeding, remove blood stasis, eliminate carbuncle and swelling. It is used to treat hematemesis, hematemesis, hematuria, HAEMORRHEA, HAEMORRHEA, leucorrhea, intestinal wind, intestinal carbuncle, carbuncle ulcer, swelling and poison, and sore.

① Bielu: "root, nourishes essence and protects blood. The main woman is chibaiwo. She can settle the fetus and stop vomiting and bleeding. "

② "Theory of medicinal properties": "root, stop collapse in the blood. "

③ Tang materia medica: "root, cure carbuncle and swelling. "

④ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "leaf, for intestinal carbuncle, abdominal blood stasis, blood flow damage, can be health research, wine and urine any service; acne scabies, salt research scenting application. "

⑤ "Diannan Materia Medica": "eliminate blood stasis, generate new blood, stop hematemesis, nosebleed. It can be used to treat children's blood in urine, women's red bleeding, invigorate the blood of various meridians, eliminate sores and poisons, disperse scrofula and tuberculosis, and generate muscles and discharge pus if the sores and carbuncle are not closed for a long time. "

⑥ "Yucatalpa medicine solution" says: "cure golden sores. "

⑦ Yilin zuanyao: "strengthen kidney water, remove blood heat, and discharge adverse Qi. Treatment of intestinal wind, intestinal carbuncle. "

⑧ Fujian folk herbal medicine: "cool blood to stop bleeding, eliminate inflammation and detumescence. It is used to treat lung heat, hemoptysis, heat, blood drenching, furuncle, cancer, lacquer sore and scald caused by soup fire. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5 ~ 3 yuan (fresh 1 ~ 2 liang); mash juice or grind. External use: tamping or juice coating.

[should avoid] it should not be taken when the spleen and stomach are deficient in cold but without blood stasis.

① "Pin Hui Jing Yao": "don't make iron. "

② "Materia medica classic:" it is not conducive to diarrhea due to weak stomach and extreme blood deficiency, and the spleen and stomach are weak and do not think about diet. "

[prescription selection] 1. To treat heart heat, vomit blood and dry mouth: prick the leaves and roots of thistle, pound and wring the juice, take a small cup for each, and take it frequently. (Sheng Hui Fang)

② Treatment of hematemesis, bleeding, collapse in the lower blood: a grasp of artichoke. Pound, wring juice, take half a liter. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

③ Treatment of lung heat and hemoptysis: one or two fresh roots of Cirsium japonicum. After cleaning, smash it with pestle, add half liang of rock sugar, and fry it into a half bowl with water, take it warm, twice a day. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

④ Treatment of heat and blood drenching: one to three Liang fresh roots of Cirsium japonicum. Wash and mash, simmer in boiling water for one hour, take before meals and three times a day. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

⑤ The treatment of women's red blood, leucorrhea more than five money: artichoke, argyi leaf three money, white cockscomb flower two money, fungus two money, fried Phellodendron five money (such as leucorrhea, not Phellodendron). Simmer clothes with wine. (materia medica of Southern Yunnan)

⑥ For intestinal carbuncle and internal gangrene: root and leaf of Cirsium japonicum, Sanguisorba officinalis, Achyranthes bidentata and honeysuckle. Born with mashed juice and hot wine. If there is no fresh, it can also be decocted with dried leaves. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

⑦ Treatment of lung carbuncle: fresh artichoke 42. Fried soup, morning and evening after dinner. (Mindong materia medica)

⑧ Treatment of boils and sores, burning red swelling: stir fresh roots of Cirsium japonicum and winter honey evenly, paste the affected area, change twice a day. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

⑨ Treatment of falling injury, blood stasis pain: artichoke juice, and hot wine drink. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

⑩ Tuberculous around the neck, or chestnut sores red, swollen, festering pus for a long time do not close the mouth: single root artichoke, no matter how much, or boiled beef, or pork, or single use, simmer point wine service. Mash fresh artichoke for external use, mix hair ash, catechu and dragon's blood together, apply on sore and promote muscle growth. (materia medica of Southern Yunnan)

(11) treatment of scalded soup: wash the fresh roots of Cirsium japonicum with cold boiled water and mash them, then stew them with hemp cloth and apply them with hot twisted juice twice or three times a day. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

(12) treatment of women with dry blood or liver tuberculosis, aversion to cold, fever, headache, emaciation and mental deficiency: two liang fresh artichoke and four Liang yellow beef. Boil it in a pot, and then go back to sleep. Avoid salt. (materia medica of Southern Yunnan)

⒀ cure lacquer sores: grasp the fresh roots of Cirsium japonicum. Wash, add some tung oil and mash, then cover with hemp cloth, stew and apply with hot twisted juice, three or four times a day. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

(14) treatment of paranasal sinusitis: three Liang fresh artichoke roots and two to three eggs. The two tastes are cooked together, eating eggs and drinking soup. Avoid spicy food. (selected works of the whole exhibition: facial features)

⒂ treatment of herpes zoster: Cirsium japonicum, Cirsium japonicum, fresh milk each amount. Put the artichoke and thistle in the fresh milk, soak them soft, pound them into paste and apply them externally. (selected materials of new medical treatment of Chinese herbal medicine, Inner Mongolia)

[clinical application] 1

Wash the fresh root of Cirsium japonicum, add 400 ml water, simmer until 200 ml, take it twice; or make it into injection, 10 g crude drug in 10 ml, for intramuscular injection or intratracheal drip. 18 cases were observed successively, including 5 cases treated with Decoction, 11 cases treated with injection and 2 cases treated with intratracheal instillation. The treatment lasted for 15-72 days. Results: according to the comparison of X-ray chest film, there were 3 cases of significant absorption, 8 cases of absorption and 7 cases of no change after treatment. In some cases, cough, expectoration, chest pain and fever also improved to varying degrees. In the course of treatment, the cold distension and discomfort of individual patients taking decoction can be alleviated by adding ginger, tangerine peel and Pinellia ternata.

② Treatment of hypertension

Soak the fresh dried root in water for about half an hour, decoct it three times, boil it for half an hour each time, combine the filtrate and concentrate it into a decoction equivalent to 0.5 liang of crude drug per 100ml; take it once in the morning and once in the evening, 100ml each time. Fresh dry roots or leaves can also be used to make Extract Tablets. The root slices were made 3 times a day, 4 pieces each time, and the daily amount was equivalent to 1 liang of dry roots; the leaf slices were made 3 times a day, 3 pieces each time, and the daily amount was equivalent to about 15 grams of dry leaves. 102 cases were observed clinically. Except for some patients with severe dizziness, palpitation and insomnia, they were treated with artichoke alone with sedative drugs such as Aoji, mianertong or limianning. Treatment

Chinese PinYin : Da Ji