Siberian Cocklebur

(Qianjin Shizhi)

[synonyms] roll ear (Book of songs), Bi (songs of Chu), ling'er (Biography of Mao's Poetry), dikui (Ben Jing), Tai'er (Wang Yizhu in songs of Chu), white coriander (Zheng Xuan), Changtai (Guangya), jue'er, Ercao (Book of songs by Lu Ji), Changsi (BIE Lu), changsicai, yangenlai (Tao Hongjing), Zhici (Qianjin Shizhi), Jinxian dish (jishizhu), daoren（ "The classic of Materia Medica", drink draft ("Doumen formula"), Buddha ear ("lvchanyan Materia Medica"), Mangsi ("key points for syndrome differentiation and treatment"), yemangsi ("formula for making yuan"), yeqie and Zhuer ("compendium"), zhitoupo ("preparation of raw herbs"), loumatou ("Guangzhou flora"), sticky Kui ("Fujian folk herbs"), idiot toupo ("Guangxi Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine plant"), cierge ("Chinese herbal medicine plant") The results showed that there were three kinds of herbs, namely, pseudodwarf melon, baizhumuluo (Guangxi Traditional Chinese medicine records), sangchuang grass (Zhejiang folk herbal medicine), yeyeporia (Mindong materia medica), yeluosu, gouercao (commonly used Chinese herbal medicine in Shanghai), cangzike (Shandong Manual of Chinese herbal medicine).

[source] it is the stem and leaf of Xanthium sibiricum.

[plant morphology] Xanthium sibiricum

Herbs annual, 30-60 cm tall, rough or hairy. The leaves are alternate, with long stalks. The leaves are wide triangular, 4-10 cm long and 3-10 cm wide. The apex is acute, the base is heart-shaped, the edge is notched and irregularly coarsely serrated, the top is dark green, the bottom is pale green, rough or covered with short white hairs, and the base has 3 prominent veins. Inflorescence nearly sessile, aggregated, unisexual; male inflorescence spherical, involucral bracts small, 1 row; receptacle cylindrical, with scales; floret tubular, top 5 teeth split, stamens 5, anthers nearly separated, with inflexed appendages; female inflorescence ovate, involucral bracts 2-3 rows, outer bracts small, inner bracts large, forming an ovate, 2-locular hard body, outside with barbed hairs, top 2-round Apex conical, 2 florets, corolla absent, ovary in involucre, one in each chamber, style linear, protruding outside involucre. Achenes obovate, enclosed in spiny involucres, glabrous. The flowering period is from May to June. The fruit period is from June to August.

Born on barren slopes, grasslands or roadsides. It is distributed all over the country.

The root (Xanthium sibiricum), flower (Xanthium sibiricum) and fruit with involucre (Xanthium sibiricum) of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] in summer, the whole grass was cut and dried.

[chemical constituents] the whole herb contains xanthoside, xantholin and xanthamine (with inhibitory effect on central nervous system). In addition, it also contains chalcone derivatives, water-soluble glycosides, glucose, fructose, amino acids, tartaric acid, acid, malic acid, potassium nitrate, calcium sulfate, etc.

[pharmacological action] leaf extract can increase the movement of isolated rabbit intestines, inhibit the excitation conduction of frog heart, lead to heart block, dilate blood vessels in isolated rabbit ears, and cause blood vessels to dilate first and then contract during the perfusion of frog hind limbs. The tincture of leaves can cause a brief decrease of blood pressure (20-40 mmHg) and inhibit the excitability of spinal reflex in cats. Each part of Xanthium sibiricum contains a considerable amount of iodine.

According to the cloud, this plant can stop bleeding, cause dermatitis when people contact Xanthium sibiricum, and cause poisoning when livestock (especially pigs) eat the seedlings of unripe true leaves.

Bitter, pungent, cold and poisonous.

① Bielu: "bitter and pungent, slightly cold, with little poison. "

② "On medicinal properties": "sweet taste, non-toxic. "

③ Qianjin Shizhi: "it tastes bitter and pungent, slightly cold and astringent, and has little poison. "

Functions and indications: dispel wind and heat, detoxify and kill insects. It can be used to treat rheumatism, itching, itching and itching.

① Bielu: "treating knee pain is a stream poison. "

② "The theory of medicinal properties" says: "the liver and the family are hot, and the eyes are bright. "

③ Tang materia medica: "it is mainly responsible for strong wind, epilepsy, head wind, dampness and arthralgia. The poison is in the bone marrow. It can eliminate all kinds of poison stings, kill malnutrition and dampness. It is mainly responsible for apoplexy in waist and knee. It is also used to control dog poison. "

④ "Materia medica collection": "Ye Lei is quiet under the tongue, making the saliva come out, getting rid of the yellow eyes and sleeping well. "

⑤ "Lu Chan Yan Ben Cao": "removing wind and promoting blood circulation. "

⑥ "Gangmu": good at connecting the top door and brain. "

⑦ Tianbao materia medica: "dispel wind and detoxify. It is used to treat stomach, pruritus and rheumatism. "

⑧ Guangdong traditional Chinese Medicine II: "treatment of red cloud, tinea, phlegm, fire, cold, nasopharynx. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 2-4 yuan; mash juice, boil cream, or put into pill or powder. External use: tamping, burning, grinding and mixing, or frying and washing.

[taboo] 1. In Qianjin Shizhi: "do not eat pork together. "

② Tang materia medica: "avoid rice swill. "

③ "Materia Medica from the new": "disperse Qi and consume blood, do not take empty people. "

[prescription selection] ① it is used to treat a woman's blood wind attacking her brain. Her head turns dull, and she suddenly dies and falls to the ground. She is unconscious. She is tender in heart, dry in the shade as the end, and takes a lot of money as usual. (doumenfang)

② To cure apoplexy, typhoid fever and headache, as well as to cure swelling and sleepiness: tamping the roots and leaves of Xanthium sibiricum, wringing the juice with children's urine, cold pinch one liter, three degrees a day

③ Treatment of stroke, headache, dampness arthralgia, limb contracture pain: Xanthium sibiricum seedling leaves a Jin, crisp one or two. First, boil the Xanthium sibiricum for three or five times, percolate it out, mix it with black bean, two and a half cups of water, fry the black bean, take one and a half cups of juice, add the Xanthium sibiricum and five flavors, mix them to make the soup, and then put them into the pastry. (Xanthium sibiricum leaf soup in Sheng Hui Fang)

④ Treatment of red and white dysentery: no matter how much, wash, boil with water, remove dross, add honey, and boil with fire. Take one or two spoonfuls of each, white soup. (extract of medical prescriptions)

⑤ Treatment of Xingyi on the eyes: fresh Xanthium sibiricum grass, mashed plaster, paste on the temple. (Zhejiang folk herbal medicine)

⑥ Treatment of gale and various wind diseases: Xanthium sibiricum is not much, milled into fine powder, with gale (seed) oil as a pill, as big as a seed. Take 30 to 40 pills each time. Take them with tea at any time. (Lu Chan Yan Ben Cao)

⑦ Treatment of leprosy: tender Xanthium sibiricum, each equal. For the end, each serving two money, warm wine tune down. (Pocket recipe)

⑧ Cure swelling and root: burn Xanthium sibiricum as ash and seal it with fat of pig. (notes on materia medica)

⑨ For the treatment of heat toxin attacking hands and feet, red swelling and hot, pain to take off: Xanthium sibiricum grass wring juice to stain it. (qianjinfang)

⑩ Treatment of otitis media: fresh Xanthium whole grass five money (dry three money). Half a bowl of boiled water. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

(11) treatment of scabies and hemorrhoids: smoked and washed with whole herb decoction of Xanthium sibiricum. (Mindong materia medica)

(12) treatment of rubella and wet itching all over the body: external washing with whole herb decoction of Xanthium sibiricum. (Mindong materia medica)

Treatment of red and white sweat spots: the tip of tender leaves of Xanthium sibiricum and the salt cream are broken. 5、 Five or seven times in June. (pick Yuan Fang)

(14) treatment of flower poison biting: take wild silk, mash juice in one cup, and apply it with residue. (pick Yuan Fang)

⒂ treatment of insect bite dermatitis: fresh Xanthium sibiricum stem and leaf, mingxiong each appropriate amount. They were tamped into paste, applied externally to the bite and fixed. (selected materials of new medical treatment of Chinese herbal medicine, Inner Mongolia)

[clinical application] 1

After treatment, the nodules disappeared, the skin returned to normal, or the erythema became pale and narrowed, the infiltrative damage of the face and earlobe was alleviated, the swollen ulnar nerve became thin and soft, the hands and feet moved flexibly, and part of the patients recovered consciousness. Leprosy bacilli also showed a decreasing trend. The pathological infiltration also improved slightly. However, the above-mentioned effects mostly occurred between 3 and 4 months after medication, and the progress was not obvious after medication, and some patients suffered from new damage. A few patients continued to use the drug for 12 to 15 months, and had different degrees of progress, but not as obvious as the initial effect. Therefore, it is suggested that Xanthium sibiricum should be taken at the same time or alternatively with sulfone or thiosemicarbazide in order to obtain satisfactory results. Dose and usage: there is no unified dose standard at present. Generally, fresh Xanthium sibiricum is used to make extract pills or tablets for oral administration. Each extract pill is equivalent to 1-2 or 4 taels of crude medicine. Start with 4 liang, once a day, and gradually increase the dosage after 3 days according to the patient's physical condition and severity, up to 16 Liang, twice a day; some take 8-24 Liang a day for 3 months, with a rest of two weeks; some advocate 12 Liang, 3 times a day, if there are side effects can be reduced, if there are no adverse reactions and slow response, the dosage can be increased gradually. The side effects were anorexia, constipation, fever and neurological symptoms, but they were mild. Some people pointed out: when taking large doses, we should pay attention to safety to avoid poisoning accidents.

② Treatment of chronic rhinitis

According to the clinical observation of more than 50 cases, the effective rate is more than 50%. It has anti allergic effect. It also has effect on acute paranasal sinusitis. Usage: canger quancao injection, 2ml each (equivalent to 2G crude drug), intramuscular injection, 1-2 times a day.

③ Treatment of functional uterine bleeding

2 liang of Xanthium sibiricum (1 liang dry), decocted, 1 dose daily. It takes 3-5 days for light cases and 7-10 days for heavy cases.

④ Treatment of early schistosomiasis

Take 2 Liang and 1.5 liang of whole herb of Xanthium sibiricum, decoct into 60 ml, 10 ml each time, 3 times a day, before eating, for 10 days. After 3 months of treatment, 28 cases had stool reexamination, and the negative conversion rate of schistosome eggs was 78.6%. The common drug reactions were abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness and nausea.

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Chinese PinYin : Cang Er