Salsola

Salsola

(Hebei Traditional Chinese medicine manual)

[synonyms] zapengke (Hebei Handbook of traditional Chinese Medicine), cipeng (Gansu Handbook of traditional Chinese Medicine), sansanmingke and zhumaoying (Henan Handbook of traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] the whole plant of Salsola, a Chenopodiaceae plant.

[plant morphology] Salsola

Annual herb, 30-100 cm high. Branches pale green, sparsely hispid or glabrous. Leaves filiform cylindrical, fleshy. It is short hispid, 2-5 cm long and 0.5-1 mm wide, with a hard needle at the apex. Inflorescence spicate with upper branches; bracts broadly ovate with hard needles at the apex; bracteoles 2, narrowly lanceolate; perianth 5, membranous, lanceolate, bearing short wings or leathery protuberances at the back; anthers oblong, without appendages at the top; stigmas filiform, 1.5-2 times as long as style. Utricle obovate, pericarp membranous. Seeds transverse or oblique, apex flat; embryo spiral, without endosperm. The flowering period is from May to September.

Most of them are found in gully, roadside, wasteland, sand mound or alkaline sandy land. Distributed in Northeast, North China, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan and other places.

[collection] harvest in summer and autumn.

(1) antihypertensive effect

The results showed that Salsola extract had obvious and lasting antihypertensive effect on anesthetized animals. Dogs were the most sensitive, followed by rabbits and cats. It did not produce rapid tolerance. It had inhibitory effect on heart at the antihypertensive dose. ECG showed that S-T segment decreased. However, Salsola absolute alcohol extract had weaker antihypertensive effect than Salsola extract and had less effect on heart. The alcohol extract of Salsola had good antihypertensive effect on senile (or primary) hypertensive dogs. For chronic renal hypertensive dogs, Salsola 8-16 g / kg was taken orally every day for two months, but the antihypertensive effect was not significant. According to the experiment, it is speculated that its antihypertensive principle is: the inhibition of vascular motor center or sympathetic center, so that the tension of peripheral blood vessels is reduced, and the blood pressure is decreased.

② Effects on central nervous system

In the experiment of the extinction of the positive conditioned reflex, Salsola extract can accelerate the extinction process, which may be the result of Salsola enhancing the inhibition of the cortex. The results showed that Salsola oleracea extract could reduce the spontaneous activity of mice, make them quiet, prolong the hypnotic time of pentobarbital sodium, and induce the hypnotic effect of chloral hydrate in non hypnotic dose, but it had no antagonism to the animal silence and death caused by central convulsive drugs (pentylenetetrazol and strychnine).

③ Others

The pharmacological effects of Salsola oleracea collected in different periods are different. Those collected in tender leaf period can cause pressor effect. Those collected in flowering and fruiting period can increase or decrease blood pressure, while those collected in fruiting period have obvious antihypertensive effect. The presence of salsoline and salsoline was not confirmed by chromatogram analysis and chemical reaction.

[toxicity] the median lethal dose of Salsola extract was 56 g / kg in mice, 8 g / kg in rats and 40 g / kg in rabbits.

In addition, Salsola oleracea produced in the Soviet Union contains salsoline (pilocarpine) and salsoline, which can significantly reduce blood pressure in animal experiments; its antihypertensive principle is to inhibit the vascular motor center, and can directly expand blood vessels. Salsoline can enhance the inhibition process of dog cerebral cortex. The action of salsoline is similar to that of salsoline. When they cause hypotension, they rarely affect the heart function, but if the dose is too large, they can inhibit the heart; whether the dose is large or small, they can strengthen the rhythmic contraction of intestine and uterus, and increase the tension. The antidiuretic effect of salsoline is mainly due to the increase of reabsorption. In some cases, it can be seen that the filtration rate is reduced, which does not affect this effect after denervation. The nature of antidiuretic effect of salsoline is obviously changed after pituitary resection. Therefore, the antidiuretic effect of salsoline mainly affects the hypothalamus pituitary system.

[nature and taste] 1. Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual: "light, cool. "

② "Gansu Chinese herbal medicine manual": "sweet, cool. "

[function indications] Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual: "lowering blood pressure. Treatment of hypertension, headache. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1 Liang.

[prescription selection] ① for hypertension and headache: 6 to 13 yuan for Salsola. Take it in water. A small dose can be used for the first time. After one to two weeks, if it is effective, the dose can be gradually increased for five to six months. For early patients, the effect is significant, but for late patients, the effect is poor.

② Treatment of hypertension, dizziness, insomnia: Salsola three Liang, corn to twelve five money, earthworm five money. Ten jin of water, boiling to 1500 ml, half a small bowl for each, three times a day. (Henan Chinese herbal medicine manual)

Chinese PinYin : Zhu Mao Cai