Elephant skin wood

Elephant skin wood

(Lu Chuan Ben Cao)

[synonyms] benchanfeng (Luchuan materia medica), yingtaimu, jiuduye, jingguananmupi (Guangxi Medicinal Plant List), yajiaoshu, dashukjun, feizhucai, dengtaishu (Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine), dakushu, dashulifeisan, feizhuye (Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine selection), maidanbie (Dai name).

[source] it is the bark or leaf of the sugar gum tree of Nerium.

[plant morphology] sugar gum tree, also known as noodle tree.

Evergreen trees, up to 40 meters, are rich in lotion. The branches are whorled. Leaves 4-7 whorls, narrowly rounded or obovate elliptic, 8-20 cm long, apex obtuse or obtuse, base cuneate, lateral veins 40-50 pairs, veins 2-7 mm apart, parallel; petiole 1.2-2 cm long. Cyme terminal; calyx short, 5-lobed; corolla white, high footed, discoid, throat without scales, lobes left-handed in bud; stamen 5, filaments short; style 1, cinnamon head separated from anther. Follicles linear, 20-45 cm long, 3-7 mm in diameter. The seeds are hairy.

Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places.

[chemical constituents] the cortex contains some alkaloids, such as pitamydine, pitamylline, jatrophylline, pyrazine, pitamylline chloride, pitamylline, pitamylline, pitamylline and so on. It also contains pitamydine, pitamycin, gallic acid, α - geraniol, α - geraniol acetate, hesperidol acetate, stigmasterol, β - sitosterol, rapeseed oil sterol or their isomers .

The leaves contain some alkaloids, such as pitaglandin, pitaglandin, pitaglandin and so on.

The root contains pithecine oxide, α - geraniol, α - geraniol acetate, hesperidol acetate, stigmasterol, β - sitosterol, rapeseed oil sterol or its isomers.

[pharmacological effects] 1. Expectorant and antitussive effects

The rabbits were perfused with elephantias elegans aqueous solution (the aqueous solution made from the mixture of bark, leaves and branches) 10 g / kg, which had significant expectorant effect (phenol red method). The method of stimulating the superior laryngeal nerve to induce cough in anesthetized cats showed that intraperitoneal injection of elephantiaceae aqueous solution (20g / kg) slightly reduced the cough frequency, but had no significant effect on the cough intensity.

② Antiasthmatic effect

Guinea pigs injected intraperitoneal injection of 80 grams / kg of elephant bark solution can resist bronchospasm caused by acetylcholine spray, which can prolong the overturning time of histamine spray, but can not prevent death.

③ Antagonism of acetylcholine and histamine

In the ileum test of guinea pigs in vitro, a large dose of elephantiaceae aqueous solution could antagonize the excitatory effect of high concentration of acetylcholine on the intestine, and could also antagonize the excitatory effect of a small amount of histamine. In the experiment of rabbit's small intestine in situ, intravenous injection of xiangpitai solution could not antagonize the lethal effect of histamine on rabbits, but could slightly reverse the activity of small intestine by histamine below the lethal dose, and had the same effect on the feint use of acetylcholine.

④ Antipyretic effect

When the rabbits were perfused with 4 g / kg elephantiaceae aqueous solution, it had a short-term antipyretic effect on the rabbits with artificial fever.

Pithecine has curare like effect and can reduce blood pressure in large amount. Its bark has been used to replace cinchona bark in the treatment of malaria, but it can not be confirmed by experiment (monkey) and clinic. Only pithecine has mild therapeutic effect. In the isolated small intestine of rats, the total alkaloids in elephantiaceae could cause the decrease of tension, the stop of movement, and then the increase of rhythmic movement and amplitude. Both the total alkaloids and quinine could antagonize acetylasanine and barium compounds. The effect of total alkaloids on isolated rat and guinea pig uterus was not constant. Intravenous injection of 20 mg into the cat resulted in significant contraction of the non pregnant uterus. For isolated frog heart, 1:5000-10000 can reduce amplitude without changing heart rate. Intravenous injection of 3-5 mg / kg into the whole cat can make the blood pressure drop abruptly, but the heart rate remains unchanged. A large number of cats have arrhythmia, conduction block and even ventricular fibrillation. 5-10 minutes after injection of total alkaloids, epinephrine can induce hypotensive reaction. 0.8 mg / kg total alkaloids could decrease the striated muscle tension of intact dogs at first, and then slightly increase it.

The alkaloids in Alstonia venenata have norepinephrine like effects and some sedative effects.

[nature and taste] Lu Chuan Ben Cao: "cold in nature, slightly bitter. "

② Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine: "sweet, light, flat. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat and toxin, stopping bleeding and detumescence. Treatment of cold, pneumonia, pertussis, Sha Qi, stomachache, diarrhea, pregnancy vomiting, trauma, ulcer bleeding.

① Lu Chuan materia medica: "hemostasis, muscle growth, detumescence. The treatment of traumatic bleeding, ulcer for a long time does not close the mouth. "For knife wounds, use tree sap. "

② "Guangxi medicine plant directory": "treatment of cold, Sha Qi, headache, pneumonia. External treatment of trauma, ulcer bleeding, bone, sores. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction. External use: grind and sprinkle.

[prescription selection] ① for pertussis, cough, stomachache, diarrhea, pregnancy and vomiting: three to four coins of Dengtai leaves, fried arm, fried in water. (Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine)

② Treatment of traumatic injury: the fresh leaves of Dengtai tree are mashed and applied to the injured area. (Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine)

③ Treatment of malaria: Dengtai leaves one to three money, decoction. (selected Chinese herbal medicines in Yunnan)

[clinical application] ① treatment of chronic tracheitis

Each time, take 2 tablets of dengtaishu extract (1.7g of the original medicine) and 1 tablet of Qulian saponin (60mg of each tablet) orally, 3 times a day, 10 days as a course of treatment. Results 56 cases (26.6%) were cured, 54 cases (25.9%) were markedly effective, 94 cases (44.7%) were improved and 6 cases (2.8%) were ineffective. It has been proved that the two drugs have anti-inflammatory, expectorant, antitussive and antiasthmatic effects.

② Treatment of acute infectious hepatitis in children

100% syrup was made from bark, twigs and leaves (dry products) of Yajiao tree. 15-30 ml of syrup was taken twice a day according to age until recovery. Among 119 cases treated, 41 cases were cured with an average time of 21.1 days; 75 cases were improved (symptoms and signs basically disappeared, liver function significantly improved), with an average hospital stay of 14.3 days; 3 cases were ineffective. Jaundice index returned to normal in 15.3 days and alanine aminotransferase returned to normal in 21.1 days. In the effective cases, the appetite improved, the urine became clear, then the skin and sclera yellow staining gradually subsided, and finally the transaminase returned to normal.

Chinese PinYin : Xiang Pi Mu