Peach kernel

Peach kernel

(notes to the classic of Materia Medica)

[synonym] peach nucleolus.

[source] it is the seed of peach or mountain peach.

[plant morphology] 1. Peach (Book of songs), also known as Maotao (compendium), white peach and red peach.

Deciduous small trees, up to 8 m high. Branchlets green or half reddish brown, glabrous, winter buds villous. Leaves alternate, clustered on short branches; leaves elliptic lanceolate to obovate lanceolate, broadest in middle, 8-15 cm long, 2-3.5 cm wide, apex long pointed, base broad cuneate, margin serrulate, glabrous on both sides; petiole 7-12 mm long, glandular. Flowers usually solitary, ca. 2.5-3.5 cm in diameter; shortly pedunculate; sepals 5, base united into a short calyx tube, red, villous outside; petals 5, obovate, pink; stamens numerous, inserted at the edge of calyx tube; ovary 1-locular, style slender, stigma small, rounded. Drupe subglobose, 5-7 cm in diameter, with short villi; flesh white or yellow; nucleus very hard, with irregular pits and deep grooves. Seed 1, oblate ovate heart-shaped. The flowering period is April, and the first leaf opens. The fruit ripens from June to July.

It is widely cultivated all over the country.

② Mountain peach (Erya), also known as peach (Erya), mountain peach, wild peach, flower peach.

Deciduous small trees, 5-9 m high. Leaves alternate; stipules fall early; petiole 1.5-3 cm long; leaf blade ovate lanceolate, 4-8 cm long, 2-3.5 cm wide, acuminate above middle, widest near base, base broadly cuneate or rounded, margin serrate. Flowers solitary; sepals 5, mostly glabrous; petals 5, broadly obovate, pink to white. Drupe nearly round; yellowish green, surface covered with yellowish brown pubescence, flesh free from core; small hard core, surface with reticular concave grain. 1 seed, brownish red. The flowering period is from March to April. The fruit period is from June to July.

It grows mostly in limestone valleys. Distributed in Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Shaanxi and other places.

The root and root bark (peach root), bark without cork (white skin of peach stem), twig (peach branch), leaf (peach leaf), flower (peach flower), mature fruit (peach), immature fruit (Prunus persica) and resin (peach gum) of the above two plants are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special clauses for details.

[collection] from June to July, the fruit is picked when it is hot, the flesh and core are removed, and the seeds are taken out and dried in the sun. Put it in a cool and dry place to prevent insects and oil.

[medicinal material] the dried seeds are flat and long ovate, 1-1.6cm long and 0.8-1cm wide, with reddish brown or yellowish brown appearance and longitudinal wrinkles. Apex pointed, middle inflated, base obtuse round and flat oblique, from the bottom scattered most veins, umbilicus on the upper edge, dark brown, edge linear protuberance. The seed coat is thin and crisp, the kernel is milky white and rich in oil, and there is a gap between the two cotyledons. The air is weak and the taste is bitter. It is better that the particles are uniform, full, neat and not broken.

It is mainly produced in Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan and other places.

[chemical constituents] amygdalin is about 3.6%, volatile oil is 0.4% and fatty oil is 45% in peach kernel. The oil mainly contains oleic glyceride and a small amount of linoleic glyceride. In addition, it contains bitter almond enzyme and so on.

[pharmacological action] for the pharmacology of amygdalin, see "almond". The alcohol extract of peach kernel has the effect of anticoagulation and weak hemolysis. It has antihypertensive effect on normal rats, but it is caused by poisoning. The rats were fed with 0.5g of extract of semen persicae, liver and kidney, and no abnormal blood glucose, liver and kidney function was detected.

[processing] remove the hard shell impurities, put it in a boiling water pot until the skin is slightly wrinkled, take it out, immerse it in cold water, rub off the seed coat, dry it in the sun and shake it clean.

[taste] bitter and sweet, flat.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and flat. "

② Bielu: "sweet, nontoxic. "

③ Qianjin Shizhi: "it tastes bitter, sweet and pungent, flat and non-toxic. "

[meridian tropism] into the heart, liver and large intestine meridians.

① "Tangye Materia Medica": "start with, foot Jueyin meridian. "

② "Lei Gong processed medicine solution": into the liver, large intestine two channels. "

③ According to the interpretation of Materia Medica classic, "we should start with Taiyin lung meridian, hand Shaoyin heart meridian and foot Taiyin spleen meridian. "

[function indications] it can break blood stasis, moisten dryness and smooth intestines. It is used to treat amenorrhea, Baihuang, febrile disease, blood storage, wind obstruction, malaria, traumatic injury, blood stasis, swelling and pain, blood dryness and constipation.

① "Ben Jing" says: "the main blood stasis, blood closure, Baihuang, evil, kill insects. "

② Bielu: "it can relieve cough, go against the upper Qi, eliminate the lower hardness of the heart, eliminate the sudden attack on the blood, break the Baihuang, dredge the pulse and relieve pain. "

③ Meng Shen: "kill three insects, stop heartache. "

④ "Medical Qiyuan": it is used to treat stool and blood stasis. "

⑤ Li Gao: "the treatment of heat into the blood room, abdominal blood stagnation, skin blood dry itching, skin coagulation of blood. "

⑥ "Diannan Materia Medica": "treating blood phlegm. "

⑦ "Compendium": "blood stagnation, wind obstruction, bone steaming, liver malaria, cold and heat, postpartum blood disease. "

⑧ "Modern practical Chinese medicine": "treatment of hypertension and chronic appendicitis, women with uterine hematoma. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5-3 yuan; or into pills, powder. External use: tamping.

[should avoid] pregnant women should not take it.

① "Introduction to medicine": "blood dryness and deficiency should be cautious. "

② "Compendium": "Xiangfu is its envoy. "

③ According to the classic of Materia Medica, it is taboo to treat dysmenorrhea due to blood stagnation, postpartum abdominal pain due to blood deficiency, not due to blood clotting, and fecal obstruction due to lack of body fluid, not due to blood dryness. "

[prescription selection] ① for women and roommates with blood stasis and five heartaches: Taoren (baked), Honghua (safflower), Danggui (washed baked) and duniuxi are divided into the end. Three yuan per serving, warm wine, before eating. (Taoren powder in Yang's family collection)

② Treatment of postpartum abdominal pain, dry blood under the umbilicus, but also the main adverse water: Rhubarb 32, peach 20, now worm 20 (boil, to foot). On the three flavors, at the end of, refining honey and for four pills, with a liter of wine fried a pill, take eight. The new blood is like the liver of the dolphin. (Xiayuxue Decoction in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber)

③ Treatment of postpartum blood stasis: Peach 20 pieces (peeled, pointed), lotus root a piece. Take it in water. (Tang Yao experience prescription)

④ Treatment of postpartum lochia, pulse string stagnation: Peach three money, angelica three money, red peony, cinnamon each half money, sugar three money (fried charcoal). Decoct in water, remove dregs and take warm clothes. (Taoren Decoction in six books of medical strategy)

⑤ For the treatment of 100 cases of blood, the leakage is not only: peach kernel (peeled, pointed, boiled), peony, Ramulus Cinnamomi, Poria cocos, peony (heart removed), etc. On the five flavors for the end, refining honey and pills such as rabbit excrement big. Take one pill before eating every day. Add three pills if you don't know. (Guizhi Fuling pill in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber)

⑥ It is difficult to cure Taiyang disease. It has a hot bladder. It's like a maniac person. It has a short stomach. It has 50 peach kernels (peeled and pointed), four taels of rhubarb, two taels of cinnamon twigs (peeled), two taels of licorice (roasted) and two taels of mirabilite. On the five flavors, seven liters of water, boiling two and a half liters, to dross, mirabilite, more on the fire, slightly boiling, under the fire. First eat warm clothes, five, three, when meager profit. (Taohe Chengqi Decoction in Treatise on Febrile Diseases)

⑦ It can cure typhoid fever and accumulate blood, fever like mania, less abdominal fullness, and self-interest in urination: 20 peach kernels (peeled and pointed), 32 rhubarb (washed with wine), 30 leeches (boiled) and 30 Tabanus (peeled and boiled). On the four flavors, five liters of water, boil three liters, to dross. One liter of warm clothing, no less, more clothing. (diedang Decoction in Treatise on Febrile Diseases)

⑧ Treatment of heat evil stem in the blood, drowning blood reservoir: Peach three money (research such as mud), dandelion, angelica, red peony each one money, donkey hide gelatin two money, talc five money. Take it in water. (on pestilence, Taoren Decoction)

⑨ Treatment of gas cough, chest diaphragm fullness, asthma: Peach three Liang, peeled, sharp, with a large liter of water, research juice, and two japonica rice, porridge. (heart mirror of food medicine)

⑩ To cure the old people's deficiency: peach kernel, cypress kernel, hemp kernel, pine kernel, etc. Tongyan, brand white wax and pills, such as Tongzi big, to shaohuangdan soup. (Tang Ye Ben Cao)

(11) treatment of internal urgency and subsequent heaviness, and unpleasantness in defecation: three taels of peach kernel (peeled), two taels of Evodia rutaecarpa, and one or two taels of salt. On three flavors, with fried, salt and Cornus. Only with peach kernel, hollow night lie when not constrained, arbitrary chew 5, 7 to 1, 20. (Sheng Ji Zong Lu)

(12) there is blood in the chest and abdomen, but no breath: 14 peach kernels, one or two rhubarb, one or two Xiaoshi, one or two licorice, one or two Puhuang, 20 jujube. On the six flavors, finely cut, with water three liters, boil a liter, wring to dross, suitable for cold and warm to take. At present, the next more than, stains hemp juice a cup, drink it. (Taoren Decoction in Qianjin prescription)

Treat malaria: one hundred peach kernel, peel and tip, and make a paste in the bowl, do not make any raw water, wait for the paste, enter the Yellow Dan, three dollars, pill like Wutong Zi. Take three pills each time. Swallow them with warm wine on the day of onset. If you don't drink alcohol, you'll get Jinghua water. (Zheng Lei Ben Cao)

(14) treatment of wind, fatigue, toxin, swelling and contracture pain, or traction of lower abdomen and low back pain: a rise of peach kernel, peeling, sharp, boil out black smoke, hot research such as ointment. Take three liters of wine, stir the kimono, warm and sweat. (heart mirror of food medicine)

In the treatment of avalanche, red and white are not only leaked, but also Qi deficiency is exhausted: burning peach stones is the end, wine takes square inch dagger, day three. (Qian Jin Fang)

(16) to treat the incipient sores in children, the fat pulp looks like fire sores: apply the peach kernel facial fat. (secret records of son and mother)

To cure the ear: the peach kernel is cooked and mashed, so it's wrapped in silk. It's in the middle of the ear. It's in the three changes of the day. (Qian Jin Fang)

(18) treatment of wind insect toothache: needling peach kernel, burning smoke on the lamp, blowing out, biting on the toothache. (health home formula)

(19) cure the sores in women's vulva, such as insect bites, or itching. Ninja: smash the peach kernel and peach leaves, and wrap them with silk floss, three or four times a day. (Meng Shen)

Cheng Cheng

Chinese PinYin : Tao Ren