Salvia miltiorrhiza

Chinese Name: Salvia miltiorrhiza

Root class

[synonyms] Yishen, muyangru (Wupu materia medica), Zhuma (Tao Hongjing), Shanshen (rihuazi materia medica), zidanshen (Modern Practical Chinese Medicine), Honggen (Chinese medicine Zhi Zhi), zidangshen (Nanjing folk medicine), shanhongrou (Zhejiang traditional Chinese medicine manual), huoxuegen, kaoshanhong, Hongshen (Jiangsu Zhi Yao Zhi), shaojiuhugen, yesuzigen, shansuzi Root (records of northeast medicinal plants), Dahongpao (records of Hebei medicinal materials), honey can, blood ginseng root, flower root (records of Shandong traditional Chinese Medicine), honey can (records of Shaanxi traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

[plant morphology] Salvia miltiorrhiza, also known as cicada grass (Ben Jing), galloping horse grass (Si Sheng Ben Cao), long sage.

Herbaceous perennial, 30-80 cm high, densely covered with yellow white pilose and glandular hairs. The root is slender and cylindrical, and the outer skin is scarlet. Stem erect, square, with shallow grooves on the surface. Leaflets 3-5, rarely 7, apical leaflet largest, petiole longest, lateral leaflet with short petiole or sessile; leaflets ovate, broadly lanceolate, 2-7.5 cm long, 0.8-5 cm wide, apex acute or acuminate, base obliquely rounded, broadly cuneate or subcordate, margin serrate, dark green above, sparsely covered with white hairs, gray green below , densely white villous, especially dense on veins. Raceme, terminal or axillary, 10-20 cm long; florets in whorls, 3-10 flowers in each whorl, bracteoles lanceolate, about 4 mm long; calyx purplish, long campanulate, 1-1.3 cm long, apex 2-lipped, upper lip broadly triangular, apex acute, lower lip triangular, apex bicuspid, calyx simple, throat densely covered with long white hairs; corolla blue purple, 2-lipped, about 2.5 cm long The upper lip is straight, slightly falcate, the lower lip is short, round, the apex is 3-lobed, the central lobe is long and large, and the apex is 2-lobed; the developing stamen is 2, the filament is columnar, the connective is slender and transverse, the T-shaped is inserted, the anther is single locular, linear, protruding out of the corolla, the staminode is 2, the anther degenerates into petal; the ovary is superior, 4-lobed, the style protrudes out of the corolla, the stigma is 2-lobed, purple. Nutlets 4, elliptic, black, 3 mm long. The flowering period is from May to August. The fruit period is from August to September.

Born in the wild sun. It is distributed in Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Guangxi, etc.

[collection] it can be harvested from the first ten days of November to the first ten days of March of the next year, and the best one is in the first ten days of November. Dig out the roots, remove the soil and roots, and dry them in the sun.

[medicinal materials] there are usually stem base residues on the top of dry rhizome, and there are 1 to many slender stems on the rhizome. The root is slightly long cylindrical, slightly curved, sometimes branched, on which most fine fibrous roots grow. The root is about 10-25 cm long, 0.8-1.5 cm in diameter, and the branch root is about 5-8 cm long, 2-5 mm in diameter. The surface is brown red to brick red, rough, with irregular longitudinal wrinkles or cork, mostly scaly exfoliation. It is hard and brittle, easy to break, with uneven section, horny or fibrous, and skin color Deep, purple black or brick red, wood vascular bundles gray yellow or yellow white, radial arrangement. Weak Qi, sweet and slightly bitter taste. It is better to have thick strip, purple black inside and chrysanthemum like white spots.

It is mainly produced in Anhui, Shanxi, Hebei, Sichuan, Jiangsu and other places. In addition, it is also produced in Hubei, Gansu, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Zhejiang, Henan and Jiangxi.

In addition, the roots of the following plants are also used as Salvia miltiorrhiza in some areas:

① The root of Salvia miltiorrhiza in Gansu Province is conical. Leaves mostly basal or in the lower part of stem, ten triangular ovate or ovate lanceolate, base cordate or halberd. Used in Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Yunnan and Tibet.

② Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Has brown hairs on the back of leaves. It is used in Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai and Yunnan.

③ Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Has fleshy, plump, spindle shaped roots with several clusters. The leaves are radicular, simple or pinnate compound, ovate or oblong ovate, microcardiform at the base, wrinkled and puberulent on both sides, with round teeth on the edge; the pinnate compound leaves have 3-5 leaflets. The cymes have 4-6 flowers arranged in a sparsely raceme at the top of the stem; the Corolla is bluish purple. It is used in Yunnan.

[chemical constituents]: tanshinone Ⅰ, Ⅱ a, Ⅱ B, isotanshinone Ⅰ, Ⅱ a, cryptotanshinone, isocryptotanshinone, methyl tanshinone, hydroxytanshinone, etc.

[processing] clean the impurities, remove the rhizomes, wash them, take them out, slice them thoroughly and dry them in the air. Stir fry Salvia miltiorrhiza: take Salvia miltiorrhiza tablets and put them into the pot. Stir fry them gently until they are slightly burnt. Take them out and let them cool.

Pinhuijingyao: "remove the reed and use it in pieces. "

[taste] bitter, slightly warm.

① "Ben Jing"; taste bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. "

② Wupu materia medica: "Qibo: salty. "

③ Li dangzhi's Yao Lu: "great cold. "

④ The classic of materia medica: "it tastes bitter, flat and slightly warm. "

[Guijing] into the heart and liver channels.

① "Compendium": "the blood of hand Shaoyin and Jueyin is divided into two parts. "

② "Shao Ru Yin, Jue Cao". "

③ "Materia medica Zheng": "heart, spleen, liver, kidney blood medicine. "

Functions and indications: promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, calming the nerves and calming the heart, discharging pus and relieving pain. Treatment of angina pectoris, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, blood avalanche, Baihuang, accumulation, blood stasis, abdominal pain, Kaschin Beck pain, palpitation, insomnia, sores and swelling.

① According to the book of Ben Jing, "the evil Qi in the heart and abdomen of the master, the bowel sounds as quiet as water, and the cold and heat accumulate; breaking through all kinds of diseases, dispelling vexation and replenishing qi. "

② Wu Pu's materia medica: "treating heart and abdominal pain. "

③ Bielu: "nourish the blood, remove the chronic diseases of the heart and abdomen, build up Qi, strengthen the waist and spine, and block the feet; eliminate the pathogenic wind, retain heat, and benefit people for a long time. "

④ Tao Hongjing: "it's a good way to treat wind obstruction by drinking wine with stains. "

⑤ "Theory of medicinal properties": "for the treatment of weak feet, pain and arthralgia, the main evil; for the treatment of abdominal pain, Qi makes the voice roar. "

⑥ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "nourish the mind, calm the mind, and clear the channels. It can cure cold and hot fatigue, bone pain, limb failure; discharge pus and relieve pain, promote muscle growth and flesh growth; break persistent blood, replenish new blood; stabilize the fetus, lose the dead fetus; stop bleeding and bring down bleeding, regulate women's irregular meridians, blood evil upset; scabies, scabies, galls, swelling, erysipelas; headache, naked eyes, heat, temperature and depression. "

⑦ "South Yunnan Materia Medica" says: "tonifying the mind, calming the mind. Treatment forgetful Zheng Chong, palpitation insomnia. "

⑧ Compendium: "activating blood circulation, opening heart". For colic. "

⑨ "Promoting blood circulation, dispersing blood stasis, calming and relieving pain" in selected Yunnan Chinese herbal medicines. Treatment of irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, rheumatic arthralgia, uterine bleeding, hematemesis, mastitis, carbuncle. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5-3 yuan; or into pills, powder. External use: Boil cream, or fry water fumigation.

[taboo] take it carefully if there is no blood stasis.

① Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhuang: "fear of salt water. Anti Veratrum. "

② Bencao Jingshu: "do not take it when pregnant for no reason. "

③ Ben Cao Bei Yao: "avoid vinegar. "

④ "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "those who don't buy their stools should avoid it. "

[selection of prescriptions] ① treat women's irregular meridians, or before or after, more or less, prenatal fetal discomfort, postpartum abnormal blood. And treatment of cold and hot labor, lumbago, bone and cheek pain: Salvia miltiorrhiza (to Lu) not much, for the end. Take two yuan per serving, adjust the wine, the meridians are not adjusted, and before eating, there is no time for cold and hot labor. (Danshen powder, a good prescription for women)

② Treatment of water: Purple Danshen Jin, cut into thin slices, crisp in the sun, for fine powder, with good wine pan for pills. Three yuan for each service, bring it down with boiling water in the morning. (Tiaojing pill in jiyanjiaocui prescription)

③ Treatment of less blood astringency, postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, amenorrhea abdominal pain: Salvia miltiorrhiza, motherwort, Cyperus each three money. Take it in water.

④ Treatment of abdominal mass: Salvia miltiorrhiza, Sparganium, Curcuma each three money, Gleditsia angle thorn a money. Take it in water.

⑤ Treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis, two flank pain: Yinchen five money, Yujin, Danshen, Banlangen each three money. Take it in water. (3) selected Chinese herbal medicines from Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai are listed below.)

⑥ Treatment of pregnancy and fetal abortion, more than blood: Twelve liang of Salvia miltiorrhiza, carefully cut, five liters of sake, boil three liters, warm one liter, three days. (Qian Jin Fang)

⑦ Treatment of heart and abdomen pain, is half empty and half solid: Salvia miltiorrhiza one or two, white sandalwood, Amomum villosum each one and a half money. Take it in water. (medical golden needle Danshen drink)

⑧ Treatment of waist and leg pain: eight taels of Eucommia ulmoides, five taels of Salvia miltiorrhiza, four taels of angelica, angelica, xionglao and dried rehmannia. On the six taste cut, to silk bag Sheng, Shangqing wine two Dou debt of five nights, take two together, day again. Don't be afraid of catkins. (Zhang Wenzhong)

⑨ Treatment of neurasthenia: Danshen Wuqian, Wuweizi one or two. Take it in water. (selected Chinese herbal medicines from Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai)

⑩ Treatment of children's sweating stroke, body arrest urgent, strong heat bitter cry: Salvia miltiorrhiza half Liang, mouse dung 37 (micro fried). Apply the medicine and pound it into powder. Each service, to the size of the size of children, add and subtract the service. (shenghuifang Danshen powder)

(11) treatment of women's breast swelling and pain: Salvia miltiorrhiza, peony each two, Angelica dahurica one or two. On the three flavors, to bitter wine overnight, pig fat Liuhe, micro fire fried three up and down, paste into the application. (Salvia miltiorrhiza ointment in Liu Juanzi's ghost prescription)

(12) treatment of Yin pain or swelling: one or two Salvia miltiorrhiza, one or two betel nuts, half a liang of green orange peel (soak the white pulp in the soup and bake it), half a liang of tiaoxiangzi. Add medicine and pound it into powder. Every time before eating, warm wine is used to make two coins. (shenghuifang Danshen powder)

For cold hernia, abdominal pain and Yin pain, sweating to death: Salvia miltiorrhiza half Liang, file, pound fine Luo for powder. Each service, with hot wine under two money. (Sheng Hui Fang)

(14) treatment of wind heat, skin rash, itching into scabies: Danshen Si Liang (file), Kushen Si Liang (judge), Cnidium monnieri San He . Apply the medicine with a bucket of water, five liters, fry until seven liters, remove the dross and wash it with hot water. (shenghuifang Danshen Decoction)

To cure

Chinese PinYin : Dan Can