Sweet mustard

Sweet mustard

(records of medicinal plants in Northeast China)

[synonym] dahuashuihua, Calendula (Inner Mongolia Chinese herbal medicine), xiheli Heqi (Mongolian name).

[source] it is the whole plant of Osmanthus fragrans.

[plant morphology] sweet mustard

-Annual or biennial herbs, 30-150 cm high, with two or three trigeminal hairs. The stem is erect with branches at the upper part. Leaves simple, alternate; linear or lanceolate, apex slightly pointed, margin undulate or with shallow long notches, base tapering; subsessile. Inflorescence terminal axillary; flowers small; petals 4, yellow, spatulate, crisscross arrangement; stamens 6, 4 long, 2 short. Long horned fruit columnar, about 1-2 cm long, ribbed, dehiscent at maturity, stipe short, pseudoseptum papery, with seeds in a row in each chamber. The seeds are small, oblate ovoid and yellowish brown. The flowering period is from April to June. The fruit period is from May to July.

Wild in grasslands, fields, hillsides and roadsides. In addition to South China, it is distributed throughout the country several times.

The seeds of this plant are used in Shandong, Hebei and other parts of the country, also known as semen Lepidii. See "semen Lepidii".

The difference between the same genus and the previous species is that the flowers are larger, orange yellow, and the petals are nearly round. Its main function is the same as that of Guizhu sugar mustard.

[collection] harvest in summer and autumn, and dry in the shade.

[chemical constituents] the whole herb contains glucosinolate, jute glycoside a, xylose glucosinolate, xylose glucosinolate and glucosinolate.

The seed contains k-picroside - β, glucosinolate, jute glycoside a, glucosinolate, xylose glucosinolate, glucosinolate and picrosinol. Digitalis diglycoside and other cardiac glycosides and strobilogen also contain volatile allyl thiocyanate.

(1) cardiotonic effect

The ethanol extract of sugar mustard from the northeast of China has cardiotonic glycoside like effect on the electrocardiogram of frog, rabbit and cat. The effect appears fast and has no obvious accumulation (in mice). Its property is similar to that of helianthin K. One gram of dry powder from the ground is equivalent to 17.9 cat units. One gram of xylose glucosinolate is equivalent to 119000 cat units. Its potency is higher than that of suzulin and glucosinolate (10600 cat units). According to the median lethal dose, the oral dose was 5 times (CAT) or 13 times (pigeon) larger than the intravenous dose. Glucosinolate also has obvious cardiotonic effect, 1 gram is equivalent to 6756 cat units, 6329 pigeon units, 50000 frog units, with mild accumulation, the action time is not more than 12 hours. Qilixianoside A is also a kind of fast acting cardiac glycoside. 1 g is equivalent to 7936 cat units (lethal dose is 0.126 mg / kg), and its accumulation is very small.

② Antihypertensive effect

Xylose glucosinolate has the effect of central lowering blood pressure. Besides lowering blood pressure, glucosinolate can also increase coronary blood flow. In the isolated rabbit heart experiment, the coronary flow decreased at first and then recovered or exceeded normal.

In addition, qilihuang also belongs to Cruciferae, which is also produced in China. The leaves contain qilianoside a, as mentioned above. The results showed that the ethanol extract of its seeds had cardiotonic effect on frog heart, cat heart, cat heart lung apparatus and electrocardiogram. The average lethal dose of pigeon was 116.8 ± 4.376 mg / kg. The bioactivity of total glycosides in seeds was higher than that in leaves of Lilium and Cinnamomum odoratum.

[taste] sour, bitter, flat, with little poison.

Functions and indications: strengthen heart and diuresis, strengthen spleen and stomach, and eliminate food. Treatment of palpitation, edema, dyspepsia.

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1-3 money; or grind 1-2 minutes.

[optional formula] ① treatment of heart disease edema: tangjieerqian, decoction; or grind one to two minutes, twice a day.

② Treat food and water: sugar mustard three money. Take it in water. (the following is the Inner Mongolia Chinese herbal medicine)

Chinese PinYin : Gui Zhu Tang Jie