frog

frog

(rihuazi materia medica)

[synonyms] frog fish (Hanshu), frog, changgu (BIE Lu), Tian Ji, Qing Ji, Zuoyu, clam fish (compendium).

[source] all of Rana nigromaculata or Rana cingulata.

[animal morphology] 1

The male is slightly smaller than the male. The head is slightly triangular, slightly longer than the width. The mouth is broad, blunt and round, the edge of the snout is not obvious, the teeth of the hoe bone in the mouth are 2 small groups, not meeting on the left and right; there are 2 small nostrils near the snout. The eye is large and protruding, the distance between the eyes is narrow, and there is a round tympanic membrane behind the eye, which is large and obvious. There is a pair of thick dorsal folds on the back of the body, and 4-6 lines of irregular short skin folds between the two dorsal folds, which are different in length if broken or continued; the primary color of the back is yellowish green or dark green, or grayish brown, with irregular black spots, and there is a light longitudinal ridge line with different width in the middle of the back, from the snout to the anus. The skin on the abdomen is smooth and white without spots. Short forelimb, blunt toe tip, finger length sequence 3,1,2,4, finger side has a narrow marginal membrane, joint tumor obvious; hind limb is relatively fat, tibia tarsometatarsal joint before the eye, between the toes is almost full web, the fifth toe lateral marginal membrane developed, the outer process is small, the inner process is narrow and long, there is free blade protrusion. Male frogs have external vocal vesicles at the neck, and the base of the first finger of the forelimb is covered with thick gray wedding pad and small white warts.

Most of them live in ponds, ditches or small rivers. The spawning season is from March to June. The tadpole is big and grayish green in shape. Its tail is thin and weak, with stripes and sharp end. Its horny jaw is moderate. It is distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Fujian, Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia.

② Golden Frog (rihuazi materia medica)

Body length about 5 cm, male slightly smaller. The head is almost equal in length and width. There are scattered warts on the back and side of the body, and a pair of thick dorsal folds on the back. The back is green or olive green, the dorsal fold and tympanic membrane are brown yellow, and there is a yellow longitudinal line behind the thigh. Abdomen bright yellow, or with brown spots. The tip of the toes is round, and the finger length is in the order of 3, 1, 4 and 2; the interphalangeal web is few, and the tumor under the joint is small and obvious; the external process is small, and the internal process is developed into a blade shape.

They often live in ponds with lotus flowers. The egg laying season is from April to June; when the hind limbs of tadpoles are underdeveloped, the total length is 38-45 mm; the tail end is thin; the mouth angle and lower lip have labial papillae. Distributed in Hebei, Shandong, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, Taiwan and other places.

The gall of the above two kinds of animals (green frog gall) and larva (tadpole) are also used for medicine.

[chemical composition] the total contains 87 grams of water, 11.9 grams of protein, 0.3 grams of fat, 0.2 grams of carbohydrates, 0.6 grams of ash, 22 mg of calcium, 159 mg of phosphorus, 1.3 mg of iron, 0.04 mg of thiamine, 0.22 mg of riboflavin and 2.1 mg of nicotinic acid per 100 grams. Each 100g of edible frog meat contains 8 IU of vitamin A, 14 IU of vitamin A, 100 UG of vitamin B1, 60 UG of vitamin B2, 1.2mg of nicotinic acid and 1.4mg of vitamin C2; fresh muscle contains 12-0.3 UG of vitamin B12 and fresh liver contains 1.4 UG of vitamin C2.

Skeletal muscle contains general components such as phosphocreatine, adenosine triphosphate, creatine, carnosine, amino acid, protein, glycogen, etc.

The phosphate buffer extract of Rana nigromaculata could destroy epinephrine and norepinephrine, suggesting that it might contain o-polyphenolase.

Three kinds of peptides were isolated from the skin and meat of Rana nigromaculata. One of them is bradykinin, which can contract the uterus in vitro. The other two kinds of peptides are related to bradykinin.

Sweet and cool.

① Bielu: "it tastes sweet, cold and nontoxic. "

② Ben Cao Yan Yi: "the nature is flat. "

③ Daily use materia medica: "it tastes sweet, slightly cool and nontoxic. "

[Guijing] 1. In Ben Cao Qiu Zhen: "into the bladder, intestines and stomach. "

② Summary of materia medica: "start with the Taiyin meridian. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat and toxin, tonifying deficiency, promoting diuresis and detumescence. It is used to treat labor heat, edema, malnutrition, dropsy, choking diaphragm, dysentery, toad plague and infantile heat sore.

① "Bielu": "it is mainly used to treat chiqijichuang, umbilical injury, pain relief and Qi deficiency in children. "

② Rihua in materia medica: "treating children's heat sores. Golden thread frog can remove tuberculosis and heat toxin. "

③ Bencao Yanyi: "relieving labor fever. "

④ Daily use materia medica: "it is used to treat children's red toxic heat sores, navel and intestinal pain, chancre, thin and large stomach, asthenia, fatigue and heat, and weak stomach qi. "

⑤ "The compendium of Medical Sciences": "diuretic detumescence. Burn ashes, apply eclipse sores. "

⑥ Lu Chuan materia medica: "nourishing yin and reducing fire. Treatment of yin deficiency toothache, lumbago, dysentery. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, cook food, grind powder for pill, 1-7. External use: mash or grind the end of the application.

[selection] 1. To treat edema, cough and blood in sputum: one frog, three coins each for Amomum villosum and semen Raphani. Put it in the belly of frog, sew it well, wrap it with yellow mud, burn it, remove the mud and grind it. Divided into three times, yellow rice wine, once a day. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

② Treatment of edema: frogs to viscera, cooked, add sugar, one at a time, once a day, continuous use. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

③ Treatment of abdominal swelling, shaking sound, black skin, famous water bug: two frogs (dry, crisp, slightly yellow), seven mole crickets (dry, slightly fried), bitter gourd half a Liang (slightly fried). On the medicine, pound fine Luo for powder. Daily. Hollow to warm wine under two money, three clothes. (Sheng Hui Fang)

④ Treatment of choking, diaphragm and nausea: seven frogs, sealed with mud, fire, research, once for three days. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

⑤ Cure poison dysentery: one water frog, mash the intestines and stomach, heat them on the tile, add musk, make cakes and stick them on the navel. When Qi passes, you can eat. (compendium)

⑥ Treatment of acute infectious hepatitis: live frog two, fresh cactus amount. Mash and paste with mung bean flour. (selected materials of new medical treatment of Chinese herbal medicine, Inner Mongolia)

⑦ When the treatment line red swelling, name toad plague: golden line frog, mash juice, water, fasting meal drink. (materia medica Menghong)

Bone marrow tuberculosis: frog one, brown sugar 22, Baijiu 22, 100 parts three money. Once cooked, once a day. (selected materials of new medical treatment of Chinese herbal medicine, Inner Mongolia)

Chinese PinYin : Qing Wa